數列分塊入門 1-9
-u :後面是使用者id
//#客戶端登入:mysql -h localhost -u root -p C:\Users\EDY>mysql -h localhost -u root -p Enter password: **** Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.34-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
//#查詢版本號:select version();
mysql> select version();
+------------+
| version() |
+------------+
| 5.7.34-log |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
3)檢視基本配置資訊
status # 檢視基本配置資訊
//# 檢視基本配置資訊:status mysql> status -------------- mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.34, for Win64 (x86_64) Connection id: 3 Current database: Current user: root@localhost SSL: Cipher in use is ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 Using delimiter: ; Server version: 5.7.34-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Protocol version: 10 Connection: localhost via TCP/IP Server characterset: latin1 Db characterset: latin1 Client characterset: gbk Conn. characterset: gbk TCP port: 3306 Uptime: 7 hours 23 min 47 sec Threads: 1 Questions: 26 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 111 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 104 Queries per second avg: 0.000 --------------
4)檢視當前時間
select now(); # 檢視當前時間
//# 檢視當前時間:select now();
mysql> select now();
+---------------------+
| now() |
+---------------------+
| 2022-03-03 18:04:54 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
5)檢視連線數
show variables like '%connections%'; # 檢視連線數
//# 檢視連線數show variables like '%connections%'; mysql> show variables like '%connections%'; +----------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+-------+ | max_connections | 151 | | max_user_connections | 0 | +----------------------+-------+ 2 rows in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
6)查詢超時的關鍵字
show variables like '%timeout%'; # 查詢超時的關鍵字
//# 查詢超時的關鍵字:show variables like '%timeout%';
//connect_timeout:連結
//net_read_timeout:讀
//net_write_timeout:寫
//需要關注的是連結、讀和寫超時三部分
mysql> show variables like '%timeout%';
+-----------------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------------------+----------+
| connect_timeout | 10 |
| delayed_insert_timeout | 300 |
| have_statement_timeout | YES |
| innodb_flush_log_at_timeout | 1 |
| innodb_lock_wait_timeout | 50 |
| innodb_rollback_on_timeout | OFF |
| interactive_timeout | 28800 |
| lock_wait_timeout | 31536000 |
| net_read_timeout | 30 |
| net_write_timeout | 60 |
| rpl_stop_slave_timeout | 31536000 |
| slave_net_timeout | 60 |
| wait_timeout | 28800 |
+-----------------------------+----------+
13 rows in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
二、管理命令
1、
//# 建立資料庫:create database 資料庫名稱;
mysql> create database anruo;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
2)檢視已有資料庫
show databases; # 檢視已有資料庫
//# 檢視已有資料庫:show databases;
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| anruo |
| indext |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3)查詢資料庫在伺服器的儲存路徑
show variables like '%datadir%'; # 查詢資料庫在伺服器的儲存路徑
//# 查詢資料庫在伺服器的儲存路徑:show variables like '%datadir%';
mysql> show variables like '%datadir%';
+---------------+---------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+---------------------------------------------+
| datadir | C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\Data\ |
+---------------+---------------------------------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql>
4)進入資料庫
use databaseName # 進入資料庫
//# 進入資料庫:use 資料庫名稱
mysql> use anruo
Database changed
5)驗證是否進入到那個資料庫
select database(); #驗證是否進入到那個資料庫
//# 查詢連線到那個資料庫:select database();
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| anruo |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
6)檢視MySQL資料庫所有檔案
檢視MySQL資料庫的所有檔案,包括隱藏檔案的方法為:西安查詢到資料庫的儲存路徑,如上圖,然後在本地進入到上述目錄下,進入c盤,複製路徑進行搜尋即可進入到上述目錄,然後就可以檢視到所有的檔案;
7)刪除資料庫
drop database 資料庫名; # 刪除資料庫
//# 查詢連線到那個資料庫:select database();
mysql> drop database anruo;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
2、表格命令
1)建立表
create table 表的名稱(表的內容,填寫方式:欄位 資料型別); #建立表
//建立資料庫
mysql> create database anruo;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
//進入指定資料庫
mysql> use anruo
Database changed
//建立表格
mysql> create table wugen(
-> name varchar(10),
-> age int,
-> sex varchar(5),
-> salary float,
-> tal int,
-> birthday datetime
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
//檢視指定表格
mysql> desc wugen;
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
| age | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| sex | varchar(5) | YES | | NULL | |
| salary | float | YES | | NULL | |
| tal | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| birthday | datetime | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
情景一:欄位約束
在資料庫中建立表時,欄位的約束條件:
(1)primary key 表示主鍵,主要是為了排序,就是該欄位的內容是唯一的;
(2)default 是指預設值,當該欄位沒有寫入內容時,寫入指定的內容;
(3)not null 是指不能為空;
(4)unique key 是指不能重複,具有唯一約束性,與primary的區別就是排序沒有primary強大);
如下所示:
//建立表格,帶入約束條件,即:
//primary key表示主鍵,主要是為了排序,就是該欄位的內容是唯一的;
//default是指預設值,當該欄位沒有寫入內容時,寫入指定的內容;
//not null是指不能為空;
//unique key 是指不能重複,具有唯一約束性,與primary的區別就是排序沒有primary強大);
mysql> create table anruo(
-> id int primary key,
-> name varchar(10) unique key,
-> age int not null,
-> sex varchar(5) default "girl"
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
//檢視當前表格
mysql> desc anruo;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| name | varchar(10) | YES | UNI | NULL | |
| age | int(11) | NO | | NULL | |
| sex | varchar(5) | YES | | girl | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
情景二:自增欄位
auto_increment # 自增
//建立自增表格
mysql> create table intal(
-> id int primary key auto_increment,
-> name varchar(10)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
//檢視當前表格
mysql> desc intal;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
//插入多條語句
mysql> insert into intal values(01,"zl");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
//檢視當前表格
mysql> select * from intal;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 1 | zl |
+----+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
//插入增值“name”
mysql> insert into intal(name) values("zhangli");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from intal;
+----+---------+
| id | name |
+----+---------+
| 1 | zl |
| 2 | zhangli |
+----+---------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2)查看錶格
查看錶格內容
//檢視所有表格
mysql> show tables;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_anruo |
+-----------------+
| anruo |
| intal |
| wugen |
+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
//檢視當前表格
mysql> desc intal;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
//插入多條語句
mysql> insert into intal values(01,"zl");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
//檢視當前表格
mysql> select * from intal;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 1 | zl |
+----+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3、獲得表的SQL指令碼
show create table info \G; # 獲得表的SQL指令碼
//# 獲得表的SQL指令碼:show create table info \G;
mysql> show create table anruo \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: anruo
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `anruo` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`age` int(11) NOT NULL,
`sex` varchar(5) DEFAULT 'girl',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `name` (`name`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql>
4、
1)INSERT(插入)
insert into user values # 插入多條語句
insert into userImfo select * from user; # 批量插入表格