配置檔案：

主：192.168.1.14
keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
  script_user root
  enable_script_security
}

vrrp_script check_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"
    interval 10
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    nopreempt
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 
 
101
    priority 100
    unicast_src_ip 192.168.1.14
    unicast_peer { 
        192.168.1.15
    }
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass test123
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        118.24.101.16/24 dev eth1
    }
    track_interface {
        eth0
    }
    track_script {
        check_nginx
    }
}
 

備：192.168.1.15

keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
  script_user root
  enable_script_security
}

vrrp_script check_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"
    interval 10
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    nopreempt
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 
 
101
    priority 50
    unicast_src_ip 192.168.1.15
    unicast_peer { 
        192.168.1.14
    }
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass test123
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        118.24.101.16/24 dev eth1
    }
    track_interface {
        eth0
    }
    track_script {
        check_nginx
    }
}

nginx_check.sh

#!/bin/bash
A=`ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l`
if [ $A -eq 0 ]; then
   systemctl restart nginx.service
    sleep 1
   if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ]; then
      systemctl restart keepalived.service 
   fi
fi

配置說明：

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
  script_user root
  enable_script_security
}
vrrp_script check_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"
    interval 10
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {  # 定義一個例項
    state BACKUP     # 指定Keepalived的角色，MASTER表示此主機是主伺服器,BACKUP表示此主機是備用伺服器，所以設定priority時要注意MASTER比BACKUP高。如果設定了nopreempt,那麼state的這個值不起作用，主備靠priority決定。
    nopreempt    # 設定為不搶佔 
    interface eth0   #指定監測網路的介面，當LVS接管時，將會把IP地址新增到該網絡卡上。
    virtual_router_id 101      #虛擬路由標識，同一個vrrp例項使用唯一的標識，同一個vrrp_instance下，MASTER和BACKUP必須一致。
    priority 100       #指定這個例項優先順序
    unicast_src_ip 192.168.1.14  # 配置單播的源地址
    unicast_peer { 
        192.168.1.15       #配置單播的目標地址
    }    #keepalived在組播模式下所有的資訊都會向224.0.0.18的組播地址傳送，產生眾多的無用資訊，並且會產生干擾和衝突，可以將組播的模式改為單撥。這是一種安全的方法，避免區域網內有大量的keepalived造成虛擬路由id的衝突。
    advert_int 1      #心跳報文傳送間隔
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS    #設定驗證型別，主要有PASS和AH兩種
        auth_pass test123   #設定驗證密碼，同一個vrrp_instance下，MASTER和BACKUP的密碼必須一致才能正常通訊
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {    #設定虛擬IP地址，可以設定多個虛擬IP地址，每行一個
        118.24.101.16/24 dev eth1 
    }
    track_interface {  # 設定額外的監控，裡面那個網絡卡出現問題都會切換
        eth0
    }
    track_script {
        check_nginx
    }
}

問題：兩臺機器上面都有VIP的情況
排查：
1.檢查防火牆，發現已經是關閉狀態。
2. keepalived.conf配置問題。
3.可能是上聯交換機禁用了arp的廣播限制，造成keepalive無法通過廣播通訊，兩臺伺服器搶佔vip，出現同時都有vip的情況。
tcpdump -i eth0 vrrp -n 檢查發現 14和15都在對224.0.0.18傳送訊息。但是在正常情況下，備節點如果收到主節點的心跳訊息時，優先順序高於自己，就不會主動對外發送訊息。

解決方法，將多播調整為單播然後重啟服務：
[root@test-15]# vim /etc/keepalived.conf
priority 50
unicast_src_ip 172.19.1.15 #本機ip
unicast_peer {undefined
172.19.1.14 #對端ip
}
[root@test-14]# vim /etc/keepalived.conf
priority 100
unicast_src_ip 172.19.1.14 #本機ip
unicast_peer {undefined
172.19.1.15 #對端ip
}
配置完成後恢復正常，檢視： tcpdump -i eth0 vrrp -n

16:38:45.085456 IP 192.168.1.14 > 192.168.1.15: VRRPv2, Advertisement, (ttl 254), vrid 101, prio 150, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20
16:38:45.097735 IP 192.168.1.125 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 91, prio 101, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20
16:38:45.098797 IP 192.168.1.6 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 60, prio 102, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 24
16:38:45.098941 IP 192.168.1.59 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 127, prio 150, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20
16:38:45.104014 IP 192.168.1.110 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 171, prio 102, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20
16:38:46.086591 IP 192.168.1.14 > 192.168.1.15: VRRPv2, Advertisement, (ttl 254), vrid 101, prio 150, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20
16:38:46.098630 IP 192.168.1.125 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 91, prio 101, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20
16:38:46.099057 IP 192.168.1.59 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 127, prio 150, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20
16:38:46.104108 IP 192.168.1.110 > 224.0.0.18: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 171, prio 102, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20
16:38:47.087652 IP 192.168.1.14 > 192.168.1.15: VRRPv2, Advertisement, (ttl 254), vrid 101, prio 150, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20