1.互動式轉化批處理工具expect

讓互動式的命令變成非互動式

1）expect預設沒有裝，需要安裝

yum -y install expect

2)語法：

expect [選項] [-c cmds] [[-[flb]] cmdfiles] [args]

3)常見選項：

-c：從命令執行expect指令碼，預設expect是互動執行的

-d：可以除錯資訊

4）expext中相關命令：

• spawn 啟動新的程序
• expect 從程序接收字串
• send 用於向程序傳送字串
• interact 允許使用者互動
• exp_continue 匹配多個字元在執行動作後加此命令　　

例：非互動式複製檔案

#!/usr/bin/expect
spawn scp /etc/redhat-release 192.168.93.141:/data
expect{
        "yes/no" { send "yes\n"; exp_continue }
        "password" { send "JoshuaKimmich\n" }
}
expect eof

 例：遠端登入

#!/usr/bin/expect
spawn ssh 192.168.93.141
expect {
        "yes/no" { send "yes\n"; exp_continue }
        "password" { send "JoshuaKimmich\n" }
}
expect eof

 例：expect變數

#!/usr/bin/expect
set ip 192.168.93.141
set user root
set password WeiLan
set timeout 10
spawn ssh $user@$ip
expect {
        "yes/no" { send "yes\n"; exp_continue }
        "password" { send "$password\n" }
}
interact

例：expect位置引數

#!/usr/bin/expect
set ip [ lindex $argv 0 ]
set user [ lindex $argv 1 ]
set password [ lindex $argv 2 ]
spawn ssh $user@$ip
expect {
        "yes/no" { send "yes\n"; exp_continue }
        "password" { send "$password\n" }
}
interact

注意這裡的“[lindex $argv 0] 相當於$1以此類推

 例：expect執行多個命令

#!/usr/bin/expect
set ip [ lindex $argv 0 ]
set user [ lindex $argv 1 ]
set password [ lindex $argv 2 ]
set timeout 10
spawn ssh $user@$ip
expect {
        "yes/no" { send "yes\n"; exp_continue }
        "password" { send "$password\n" }
}
expect "]#" { send "useradd haha\n" }
expect "]#" { send "echo weilan | passwd --stain haha\n" }
send "exit\n"
expect eof

 例：shell指令碼呼叫用expect

#!/bin/bash
ip=$1
user=$2
password=$3
expect << EOF
set timeout 20
spawn ssh $user@$$ip
expect { 
        "yes/no" { send "yes\n; exp_continue" }
        "password" { send "$password }
}
expect "]#" { send "useradd hehe\n" }
expect "]#" { send "echo weilan99999999 | passwd hehe\n" }
expect "]#" { send "exit\n" }
expect eof
EOF

2.陣列array簡單介紹

1）儲存多個元素的連續記憶體空間，多個變數的集合

2) 三種索引

• 索引的編號從0開始，屬於數值索引
• 索引可支援使用自定義的格式，而不僅是數值格式，即為關聯索引，bash4.0版本之後開始支援

檢視bash版本

bash --version

• bash的數值支援稀鬆格式（索引不連續）