Fritz is a German chess program originally developed for Chessbase by Frans Morsch based on his Quest program, ported to DOS, and then Windows by Mathias Feist. With version 13, Morsch retired, and his engine was first replaced by Gyula Horvath's Pandix, and then with Fritz 15, Vasik Rajlich's Rybka.

Fritz 9 Schachbenchmarks (jens-hartmann.at) 節選：

CPU, nxMHz, Relative speed
Celeron Northwood, 2000, 0.91
Pentium III, 1000, 1.00
Athlon XP 2600+, 2083, 2.06
I5-4690k 4x3900 24.40
i9 9900k 16x4700 70.04
Ryzen 7 3800X, 16x4400, 69.00

i9-9900K/Q4'18/14 nm/8C16T/3.60~5.00 GHz/16 MB Smart Cache
Pentium III 1G/Q1'00/180 nm/1C1T/1.00 GHz/256 KB L2 Cache/TDP 29W

Celeron Northwood/2.60 GHz/130 nm/128 KB L2 Cache/TDP 62.6 W!

Intel Smart Cache refers to the architecture that allows all cores to dynamically share access to the last level cache.

In performance, Coppermine arguably marked a bigger step than Katmai by introducing an on-chip L2 cache, which Intel names Advanced Transfer Cache (ATC). The ATC operates at the core clock rate and has a capacity of 256 KB, twice that of the on-chip cache formerly on Mendocino Celerons. It is eight-way set-associative and is accessed via a Double Quad Word Wide 256-bit bus, four times as wide as Katmai's. Further, latency was dropped to a quarter compared to Katmai. Another marketing term by Intel was Advanced System Buffering, which encompassed improvements to better take advantage of a 133 MHz system bus. These include 6 fill buffers (vs. 4 on Katmai), 8 bus queue entries (vs. 4 on Katmai) and 4 write-back buffers (vs. 1 on Katmai).

Under competitive pressure from the AMD Athlon, Intel reworked the internals, finally removing some well-known pipeline stalls. As a result, applications affected by the stalls ran faster on Coppermine by up to 30%. The Coppermine contained 29 million transistors and was fabricated in a 0.18 μm process.

Coppermine (0.18 μm), L1-Cache: 16 + 16 KB (data + instructions), L2-Cache: 256 KB, full speed, MMX, SSE

Intel Pentium III (Coppermine) @ 933MHz, BogoMIPS=1862.05 [link]

所以我放個厥詞：20年前，Intel做到了一個時鐘週期兩條指令，然後大家都就是靠主頻和核數了。別說什麼4發射，cat /proc/cpuinfo不是可以看BogoMIPS麼？