1.獲取當前檔案資料夾絕對路徑

path = os.path.dirname(__file__)

path = os.getcwd()

1 import os
2 
3 path = os.path.dirname(__file__)  # 獲取當前檔案所在的檔案目錄（結對路徑）
4 print(path)
5 
6 # >> D:/PythonProject/Python基礎

2.獲取檔名稱和路徑拼接

path1 = os.path.join(path, imgname)
join可以拼接多級
os.join(path,'project','imgname') --> path/project/imgnae
 

 1 with open(r'E:\girl.jpg', 'rb') as f:
 2     img = f.read()
 3     print(f.name)
 4     imgname = f.name[f.name.rfind('\\') + 1:]  # 獲取檔名稱
 5     print(imgname)
 6     path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
 7     path1 = os.path.join(path, imgname)  # 拼接路徑
 8     with open(path1, 'wb') as f1:
 9         f1.write(img)
10 
11 print('複製成功')
 

3.判斷當前路徑

1 r = os.path.isabs(r'E:\girl.jpg')  # 判斷該檔案的路徑是否是絕對路徑
2 print(r)
# >> True
3 

4 r = os.path.isabs('../img/girl.jpg')  # ../表示返回當前檔案的上一級
5 print(r)
# >> False
6 
7 r = os.path.isabs('img/girl.jpg')  # 找到當前檔案同級的img裡面的girl.jpg
8 print(r)
# >> False

4.通過相對路徑獲取絕對路徑

  path = os.path.abspath(檔名稱)
 

1 # 通過相對路徑獲取檔案的絕對路徑
2 path = os.path.abspath('girl.jpg')
3 print(path)
4 # >> D:\PythonProject\Python基礎\girl.jpg

5.獲取當前檔案的絕對路徑

path = os.path.abspath(__file__)

1 # 獲取本檔案的絕對路徑
2 path = os.path.abspath(__file__)
3 print(path)
4 # >> D:\PythonProject\Python基礎\OS模組.py

6.獲取檔名稱(2.0)和split分割

result = os.path.split(path)

後面path為檔案的路徑，返回一個元祖型別

 1 # 獲取檔名稱
 2 path = r'D:\PythonProject\Python基礎\OS模組.py'
 3 result = os.path.split(path)
 4 print(type(result))
 5 print(result)
 6 # >> <class 'tuple'>
 7 #    ('D:\\PythonProject\\Python基礎', 'OS模組.py')
 8 
 9 print(result[1])
10 # >> OS模組.py

result = os.path.splitext(path) # 分割檔案與副檔名

1 # 獲取副檔名
2 path = r'D:\PythonProject\Python基礎\OS模組.py'
3 result = os.path.splitext(path) # 分割檔案與副檔名
4 print(result)
5 print(result[1])
6 
7 # >> ('D:\\PythonProject\\Python基礎\\OS模組', '.py')
8 #    .py

7.獲取檔案大小

size = os.path.getsize(path)
path為檔案的路徑

1 # 獲取檔案的大小 單位：位元組
2 path = r'D:\PythonProject\Python基礎\OS模組.py'
3 size = os.path.getsize(path)
4 print(size)
5 
6 # >> 1694