1. 程式人生 > 其它 >定位的使用(相對定位,絕對定位,z-index)

定位的使用(相對定位,絕對定位,z-index)

定位:

  相對定位:position:relative  仍然在標準文件流中,原來位置會保留

  相對於原來位置進行指定偏移

  top、left、bottom、right

  

 1 <!DOCTYPE html>
 2 <html lang="en">
 3 <head>
 4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
 5     <title>Title</title>
 6     <style>
 7         body{
 8             padding: 20px
; 9 } 10 11 div{ 12 margin: 10px; 13 padding: 5px; 14 font-size: 12px; 15 line-height: 25px; 16 } 17 #father{ 18 border: 1px solid red; 19 padding: 0; 20 } 21 #first{ 22 background
: salmon; 23 border: 1px dashed #3cbda6; 24 position: relative;/*相對定位:上下左右*/ 25 top: -20px; 26 left: 20px; 27 } 28 #second{ 29 background: salmon; 30 border: 1px dashed #3cbda6; 31 32 } 33 #third{ 34 background
: salmon; 35 border: 1px dashed #3cbda6; 36 position: relative; 37 bottom: -10px; 38 right: 20px; 39 } 40 41 </style> 42 43 </head> 44 <body> 45 <div id="father"> 46 <div id="first">第一個盒子</div> 47 <div id="second">第二個盒子</div> 48 <div id="third">第三個盒子</div> 49 50 </div> 51 </body> 52 </html>
相對定位

 

  

  方塊定位示例:

 1 <!DOCTYPE html>
 2 <html lang="en">
 3 <head>
 4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
 5     <title>Title</title>
 6 
 7     <style>
 8         #box{
 9             width: 300px;
10             height: 300px;
11             padding: 10px;
12             border: 2px solid red;
13         }
14         a{
15             width: 100px;
16             height: 100px;
17             text-decoration: none;
18             background: #0093E9;
19             line-height: 100px;
20             text-align: center;
21             color: white;
22             display: block;
23         }
24         a:hover{
25             background: brown;
26         }
27         .a2,.a4{
28             position: relative;
29             left: 200px;
30             top: -100px;
31         }
32         .a5{
33             position: relative;
34             left: 100px;
35             top: -300px;
36         }
37     </style>
38 
39 </head>
40 <body>
41 
42 <div id="box">
43     <a class="a1" href="">連結1</a>
44     <a class="a2" href="">連結2</a>
45     <a class="a3" href="">連結3</a>
46     <a class="a4" href="">連結4</a>
47     <a class="a5" href="">連結5</a>
48 </div>
49 </body>
50 </html>
方塊定位

 

  絕對定位:

    定位:基於xxx定位

    1、沒有父元素定位的前提下,預設按瀏覽器定位

    2、假設父級元素存在定位,通常會相對父級元素進行偏移~

    3、在父級元素範圍內移動

    相對於父級或瀏覽器的位置,進行指定偏移,絕對定位後,不在標準文件流,

    原來的位置不會被保留  

  

 1 <!DOCTYPE html>
 2 <html lang="en">
 3 <head>
 4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
 5     <title>Title</title>
 6     <style>
 7         div{
 8             margin: 10px;
 9             padding: 5px;
10             font-size: 12px;
11             line-height: 25px;
12         }
13         #father{
14             border: 1px solid red;
15             padding: 0;
16             position: relative;
17         }
18         #first{
19             background: salmon;
20             border: 1px dashed #3cbda6;
21 
22         }
23         #second{
24             background: salmon;
25             border: 1px dashed #3cbda6;
26             position: absolute;/* */
27             right: 30px;
28             top: -10px;
29 
30 
31         }
32         #third{
33             background: salmon;
34             border: 1px dashed #3cbda6;
35 
36         }
37 
38     </style>
39 
40 </head>
41 <body>
42 <div id="father">
43     <div id="first">第一個盒子</div>
44     <div id="second">第二個盒子</div>
45     <div id="third">第三個盒子</div>
46 
47 </div>
48 </body>
49 </html>
絕對定位

  

  固定定位fixed:

  

 1 <!DOCTYPE html>
 2 <html lang="en">
 3 <head>
 4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
 5     <title>Title</title>
 6 
 7     <style>
 8         body{
 9             height: 1000px;
10 
11         }
12         div:nth-of-type(1){
13             width: 100px;
14             height: 100px;
15             background: red;
16             position: absolute;
17             right: 0;
18             bottom: 0;
19         }
20 
21         div:nth-of-type(2){
22             width: 50px;
23             height: 50px;
24             background: yellow;
25             position: fixed;
26             right: 0;
27             bottom: 0;
28         }
29     </style>
30 </head>
31 <body>
32 
33 <div>div1</div>
34 <div>div2</div>
35 </body>
36 </html>
固定定位

 

  

  z-index:預設是0,最高無限 999

 背景透明:opacity = 0.5

 1 <!DOCTYPE html>
 2 <html lang="en">
 3 <head>
 4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
 5     <title>Title</title>
 6 
 7 
 8     <link rel="stylesheet" href="z-index.css">
 9 
10 </head>
11 
12 
13 <body>
14 
15 <div id="content">
16     <ul>
17         <li><img src="1.png" alt=""></li>
18         <li class="tipText">學習微服務</li>
19         <li class="tipBg"></li>
20         <li>時間:2022-03-29</li>
21         <li>地點:月球一號基地</li>
22     </ul>
23 </div>
24 </body>
25 </html>
z-index

 

 1 #content{
 2     width: 500px;
 3     padding: 0;
 4     margin: 0;
 5     overflow: hidden;
 6     font-size: 12px;
 7     line-height: 25px;
 8     border: 1px solid black;
 9 }
10 ul,li{
11    padding: 0;
12     margin: 0;
13    list-style: none;
14 }
15 /*父級元素*/
16 #content ul{
17     position:relative;
18 }
19 
20 .tipText,.tipBg{
21     position: absolute;
22     width: 500px;
23     height: 25px;
24     border: 1px solid red;
25     top: 200px;
26 }
27 .tipText{
28     /*層級預設為0*/
29     z-index: 999;
30 }
31 .tipBg{
32     background: salmon;
33     opacity: 0.5; /*背景透明度*/
34     /*filter: alpha(opacity=50); !*ie8以及更早版本支援替代的filter屬性*!*/
35 }
z-index