環境準備

請參考

urls.py

from . import views
from django.urls import path, re_path, include


urlpatterns = [
    path('user/', views.UserAPIView.as_view()),
    re_path('^user/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.UserInfoAPIView.as_view()),
]

views.py

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import
 
 Response
from rest_framework import status
from .serializers import UserSerializers
from .models import User


# Create your views here.

class UserAPIView(APIView):

    def get(self, request):
        '''
        獲取所有使用者
        :param request:
        :return:
        '''

        # 1、從模型中獲取所有使用者資訊
 

        queryset = User.objects.all()

        # 2、序列化
        serializers = UserSerializers(instance=queryset, many=True)

        # 3、返回結果
        return Response(serializers.data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)

    def post(self, request):
        '''
        新增使用者
        :param request:
        :return:
        
 
'''
        # 1、接收客戶端資訊
        data = request.data

        # 2、反序列化(驗證資料和儲存資料)
        serializers = UserSerializers(data=data)
        serializers.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        serializers.save()

        # 3、返回結果
        return Response(serializers.data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)


class UserInfoAPIView(APIView):

    def get(self, request, pk):
        '''
        獲取一個學生資訊
        :param request:
        :param pk:
        :return:
        '''
        # 根據pk獲取模型物件
        try:
            print("pk = {}".format(pk))
            instance = User.objects.get(pk=pk)

        except User.DoesNotExist:
            return Response(status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)

        # 序列化
        serializers = UserSerializers(instance=instance)

        # 3、返回結果
        return Response(serializers.data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)

    def put(self, request, pk):
        '''
        更新一個學生資訊
        :param request:
        :param pk:
        :return:
        '''
        # 根據pk獲取模型物件
        try:
            instance = User.objects.get(pk=pk)
        except User.DoesNotExist:
            return Response(status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)

        # 獲取客戶端提交的資訊
        # 更新操作需要傳遞兩個引數
        serializers = UserSerializers(instance=instance, data=request.data)
        serializers.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        serializers.save()

        # 3、返回結果
        return Response(serializers.data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)



    def delete(self, request, pk):
        '''
        刪除一個學生資訊
        :param request:
        :param pk:
        :return:
        '''
        # 根據pk獲取模型物件
        try:
            instance = User.objects.get(pk=pk)
        except User.DoesNotExist:
            return Response(status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)

        # 刪除
        instance.delete()

        # 3、返回結果
        return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)

使用Postman測試上述介面

1） 新增使用者資料

POST 訪問http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/user/，傳送JSON資料：

{
    "name":"小強",
    "age":20,
    "remark":"dafaww"
}

返回狀態碼200，資料如下

{
    "id": 5,
    "name": "小強",
    "age": 20,
    "remark": "dafaww",
    "created_date": "2022-03-31T03:29:35.379276Z",
    "creator": "sys",
    "update_date": "2022-03-31T03:29:35.379276Z",
    "updater": "sys"
}

2）修改使用者資料

PUT訪問http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/user/5/，傳送json資料

{
    "name":"小強1",
    "age":20,
    "remark":"dafaww"
}

返回狀態碼200，資料如下：

{
    "id": 5,
    "name": "小強1",
    "age": 20,
    "remark": "dafaww",
    "created_date": "2022-03-31T03:29:35.379276Z",
    "creator": "sys",
    "update_date": "2022-03-31T03:36:19.218640Z",
    "updater": "sys"
}

3）查詢所有使用者資料

GET方式訪問http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/user/，返回狀態碼200，資料如下：

[
    {
        "id": 5,
        "name": "小強1",
        "age": 20,
        "remark": "dafaww",
        "created_date": "2022-03-31T03:29:35.379276Z",
        "creator": "sys",
        "update_date": "2022-03-31T03:36:19.218640Z",
        "updater": "sys"
    },
    {
        "id": 6,
        "name": "小紅",
        "age": 20,
        "remark": "dafaww",
        "created_date": "2022-03-31T03:38:27.189835Z",
        "creator": "sys",
        "update_date": "2022-03-31T03:38:27.189835Z",
        "updater": "sys"
    }
]

4）查詢單一使用者資料

GET訪問，http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/user/5，返回資料如下：

{
    "id": 5,
    "name": "小強1",
    "age": 20,
    "remark": "dafaww",
    "created_date": "2022-03-31T03:29:35.379276Z",
    "creator": "sys",
    "update_date": "2022-03-31T03:36:19.218640Z",
    "updater": "sys"
}

5）刪除使用者資料

DELETE方式訪問，http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/user/5/，返回204狀態碼