電子郵件伺服器DKIM配置
阿新 • • 發佈：2022-05-02
本文節選自《Netkiller Mail 手札》
4.3. dkim
DKIM(DomainKeys Identified Mail) 是一種電子郵件的驗證技術，使用密碼學的基礎提供了簽名與驗證的功能。DKIM 能增加你郵件的信任度。
安裝 OpenDKIM 環境是CentOS 7
yum install -y opendkim 檢視配置檔案
[[email protected] ~]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/opendkim.conf PidFile /var/run/opendkim/opendkim.pid Mode sv Syslog yes SyslogSuccess yes LogWhy yes UserID opendkim:opendkim Socket inet:8891@localhost Umask 002 SendReports yes SoftwareHeader yes Canonicalization relaxed/relaxed Selector default MinimumKeyBits 1024 KeyFile /etc/opendkim/keys/default.private KeyTable /etc/opendkim/KeyTable SigningTable refile:/etc/opendkim/SigningTable InternalHosts refile:/etc/opendkim/TrustedHosts OversignHeaders From
生成公鑰和私鑰example.com 替換成你的域名
mkdir /etc/opendkim/keys/example.com
opendkim-genkey -D /etc/opendkim/keys/example.com/ -d example.com -s default
chown -R opendkim: /etc/opendkim/keys/example.com
ln -s /etc/opendkim/keys/example.com/default.private /etc/opendkim/keys/default.private 將你域名example.com新增到/etc/opendkim/KeyTable格式如下：
default._domainkey.example.com example.com:default:/etc/opendkim/keys/example.com/default.private 接下來修改 /etc/opendkim/SigningTable 並新增如下記錄
*@example.com default._domainkey.example.com 新增信任主機到/etc/opendkim/TrustedHosts，通常是 example.com / mail.example.com
example.com
mail.example.com 注意：TrustedHosts 是傳送郵件機器的IP，不是郵件伺服器的IP，例如你的WEB伺服器連線到郵件伺服器傳送電子郵件，那麼TrustedHosts 就是你的WEB伺服器IP地址。
至此 opendkim 已經配置完畢。
現在需要配置域名TXT記錄解析，開打檔案 /etc/opendkim/keys/example.com/default.txt 參照下面配置
cat /etc/opendkim/keys/example.com/default.txt
default._domainkey IN TXT ( "v=DKIM1; k=rsa; "
"p=MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC5anjIUkTgJT8DSBL2tiydi6DZLIMnPnveFBcyKshwIuGeRzIN2PwQW5F/bvQWdatPLGuw0w5mKXtATJtarbWXy89BgjcJgAGrPSr8GdzsNH0RXRqTy1A21BQyGER3Mx2Fbr6J62reTG2i7jY0w3/cxzuFIGlSn/RP/KrlMze4zQIDAQAB" ) ; ----- DKIM key default for example.com 接下來配置postfix把OpenDKIM整合到Postfix修改/etc/postfix/main.cf
smtpd_milters = inet:127.0.0.1:8891
non_smtpd_milters = $smtpd_milters
milter_default_action = accept
milter_protocol = 2 啟動 opendkim，重啟 postfix
systemctl enable opendkim.service
systemctl start opendkim.service
systemctl restart postfix.service 檢查opendkim狀態與埠
# systemctl status opendkim.service
● opendkim.service - DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) Milter
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/opendkim.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2016-08-25 02:07:42 EDT; 6s ago
Docs: man:opendkim(8)
man:opendkim.conf(5)
man:opendkim-genkey(8)
man:opendkim-genzone(8)
man:opendkim-testadsp(8)
man:opendkim-testkey
http://www.opendkim.org/docs.html
Process: 12577 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/opendkim $OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 12578 (opendkim)
CGroup: /system.slice/opendkim.service
└─12578 /usr/sbin/opendkim -x /etc/opendkim.conf -P /var/run/opendkim/opendkim.pid
Aug 25 02:07:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) Milter...
Aug 25 02:07:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) Milter.
Aug 25 02:07:42 localhost.localdomain opendkim[12578]: OpenDKIM Filter v2.10.3 starting (args: -x /etc/opendkim.conf -P /var/run/opendkim/opendkim.pid)
# ss -lnt | grep 8891
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:8891 *:* 4.3.1. 增加域名
建立證書
mkdir /etc/opendkim/keys/mydomain.com
opendkim-genkey -D /etc/opendkim/keys/mydomain.com/ -r -d mydomain.com
chown -R opendkim: /etc/opendkim/keys/mydomain.com 配置 KeyTable
default._domainkey.mydomain.com mydomain.com:default:/etc/opendkim/keys/mydomain.com/default.private 配置 SigningTable
*@mydomain.com default._domainkey.mydomain.com 4.3.2. 測試
/var/log/maillog
Aug 26 03:02:03 localhost postfix/smtpd[5837]: connect from unknown[155.133.82.144]
Aug 26 03:02:03 localhost opendkim[5762]: configuration reloaded from /etc/opendkim.conf
Aug 26 03:02:04 localhost postfix/smtpd[5837]: lost connection after AUTH from unknown[155.133.82.144]
Aug 26 03:02:04 localhost postfix/smtpd[5837]: disconnect from unknown[155.133.82.144]
Aug 26 03:02:09 localhost postfix/smtpd[5837]: connect from unknown[202.130.101.34]
Aug 26 03:02:10 localhost postfix/smtpd[5837]: 27EEC802C1C5: client=unknown[202.130.101.34]
Aug 26 03:02:10 localhost postfix/cleanup[5843]: 27EEC802C1C5: message-id=<1770496307.0.1472194929612@Server>
Aug 26 03:02:10 localhost opendkim[5762]: 27EEC802C1C5: DKIM-Signature field added (s=default, d=cf139.com)
Aug 26 03:02:10 localhost postfix/qmgr[4605]: 27EEC802C1C5: from=<[email protected]>, size=531, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 26 03:02:10 localhost postfix/smtpd[5837]: disconnect from unknown[202.130.101.34]
Aug 26 03:02:10 localhost postfix/smtp[5844]: connect to gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[2607:f8b0:400e:c03::1b]:25: Network is unreachable
Aug 26 03:02:11 localhost postfix/smtp[5844]: 27EEC802C1C5: to=<[email protected]>, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[74.125.25.26]:25, delay=1.6, delays=0.58/0.01/0.48/0.49, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 OK 1472194931 om6si19759602pac.41 - gsmtp)
Aug 26 03:02:11 localhost postfix/qmgr[4605]: 27EEC802C1C5: removed 檢視原件原文，如果正常會顯示DKIM-Filter和DKIM-Signature兩項
Delivered-To: [email protected]
Received: by 10.28.169.3 with SMTP id s3csp180808wme;
Fri, 26 Aug 2016 00:02:11 -0700 (PDT)
X-Received: by 10.66.10.234 with SMTP id l10mr3141577pab.69.1472194931522;
Fri, 26 Aug 2016 00:02:11 -0700 (PDT)
Return-Path: <[email protected]>
Received: from mail.cf139.com ([104.243.134.186])
by mx.google.com with ESMTP id om6si19759602pac.41.2016.08.26.00.02.11
for <[email protected]>;
Fri, 26 Aug 2016 00:02:11 -0700 (PDT)
Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 104.243.134.186 as permitted sender) client-ip=104.243.134.186;
Authentication-Results: mx.google.com;
dkim=temperror (no key for signature) [email protected];
spf=pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 104.243.134.186 as permitted sender) [email protected]
Received: from Server (unknown [202.130.101.34])
by mail.cf139.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 27EEC802C1C5
for <[email protected]>; Fri, 26 Aug 2016 03:02:09 -0400 (EDT)
DKIM-Filter: OpenDKIM Filter v2.10.3 mail.cf139.com 27EEC802C1C5
DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=cf139.com;
s=default; t=1472194930;
bh=aTYsMuMwFaanDPkTLEncpu/hxKsNsCaozbJRmQJ6aho=;
h=Date:From:To:Subject:From;
b=qPYy2TPDv+zxHQ2gqGOwVsgRm42E3p6WvSxdXgUaLtkY6LH6657cdEa96HYJLVqHC
EygkTz+3n7WePhGH9jAJrb/PBrGIK1XVCREz4ayfUxc3QUwFSQ9o+5ULkExxdhyRUu
4TiCbkcUMbYI3YXJqGiU0OBCyTq655trOaWBby+k=
Date: Fri, 26 Aug 2016 15:02:09 +0800 (CST)
From: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Message-ID: <1770496307.0.1472194929612@Server>
Subject: =?UTF-8?B?5Li76aKY77ya566A5Y2V6YKu5Lu2?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
5rWL6K+V6YKu5Lu25YaF5a65