程式碼420行左右 本系列，幾乎都是程式碼，記得當時寫的時候用的是微軟的官方例項資料庫AdventureWorks_Data.mdf、AdventureWorks_Log.ldf來執行的。 下載連結：連結: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1pMdLz6N 密碼: xvhu 或者回復“AdventureWorks”來獲取連結。

--一，建立資料庫 。
create database XXXDB--建立資料庫
use XXXDB--使用資料庫
create table Department(--建立表
dept_id nvarchar(20) not null,--列與列之間以逗號隔開
dept_name nvarchar(20) not null,
    dept_head nvarchar(20) not null
)
select * from Department--查詢表中的資料
insert into Department values('D001','Marketing','johnS')--插入資料
    ,('D002','Accounts','Tony.D')
--delete Department where dept_id='D001'--刪除指定的列資料
--建立表
create table Employee(
    EMP_ID nvarchar(20) not null,
    EMP_NAME nvarchar(20) not null,
    ADDRESS nvarchar(20) not null,
    DEPT_ID nvarchar(20) not null，
--EMP_id int not null
)
--選擇使用表
select * from Employee
--在表中插入資料
insert into Employee values('E001','Robert P.','Shanghai','D001')
    ,('E002','Polly W.','Beijing','D001'),
    ('E003','David J.','Nanjing','D002'),
    ('E004','Nelson G.','Shanghai','D002')
--drop table Department
--刪除表

--二，建立資料庫例項
create database schoolDB
--主資料庫    .mdf
--日誌檔案    .ldf
--D盤
create database BankDB on primary(
    name='BankDB.mdf',
    filename='D:BankDB.mdf',
    size= 5mb,
    maxsize=100mb,
    filegrowth=2mb
)
--注意：size必須是不小於5MB
log on(
    name='BankDB.ldf',
    filename='D:BankDB.ldf',
    size= 2mb,
    maxsize=20mb,
    filegrowth=10%
)
--日誌資料庫 中 size沒有大小要求

create database testDB on primary(
    name='testDB.mdf',
    filename='D:testDB.mdf',
    size=5mb,
    maxsize=100mb,
    filegrowth=2mb
)
log on(
    name='testDB.ldf',
    filename='D:testDB.ldf',
    size=2mb,
    maxsize=20mb,
    filegrowth=10%
)

use testDB
create table testTable(
    EmployeeID nvarchar(20) not null,
    Resiednce nvarchar(20),
    Office nvarchar(40),
    MobileNumber nvarchar(40)
)
insert into testTable values
('1','','945673561',''),
    ('2','23456','99991111',''),
    ('3','','','912345678'),
    ('4','','','908087657')
select *from testTable
------------------------------------------------
    --三，建立架構，建立表。
select UNICODE('b')
select CHAR(98)
go
create schema ONE--建立架構
go
create schema TWO
go
create table CLASS1(
    id int primary key,
    name nvarchar(20))

create table ONE.CLASS1(
    id int primary key,
    name nvarchar(20))

create table ONE.CLASS2(
    id int primary key,
    name nvarchar(20))
--插入資料
--output inserted. *  output deleted
create table conInfo(
    id int primary key identity(1,1),--不用考慮，直接插入三個值
rInfo nvarchar(11) null,--地址
oInfo nvarchar(11) null,
    mInfo nvarchar(11)
)
insert into conInfo output inserted. * values
(null,'45646123',null),
    (null,null,'415461231'),
    ('45415132',null,null)

delete conInfo output deleted.* where id=32 --output deleted.*必須寫

update conInfo set rInfo='1234' --後果嚴重
update conInfo set rInfo='1234' where id=40
update conInfo output inserted.* set rInfo='1234' where id=40 --語法出錯
update conInfo set rInfo='1234' output inserted.* ,'--------------',deleted.* where id=40

select *from conInfo where oInfo is null
select *from conInfo where oInfo is not null
select id,isnull(rInfo,0),isnull(rInfo,0),isnull(mInfo,0) from conInfo
select id,isnull(rInfo,0),isnull(rInfo,0)as oInfo,isnull(mInfo,0)as mInfo from conInfo
select * from conInfo




四，使用子查詢。
use AdventureWorks--使用資料庫
go
select count(*) from HumanResources.Employee
-- 資料庫.架構名.表名
go
--如何建立架構
create schema class11
create table class11.Info(
    id int primary key identity(1,1) ,
    name nvarchar(20) not null
)
go
create schema class12--建立架構的語法
go
create table class12.Info(
    id int not null,
    name nvarchar
)
select * from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.Employee
go
--查詢指定的列
select EmployeeID from HumanResources.Employee
--列的值升序排列
select EmployeeID from HumanResources.Employee
order by EmployeeID asc--desc --（asc）
--查詢多少條資料
select count(*) as '總條數' from HumanResources.Employee
--建立資料庫--建立資料夾
create database dataTypeDB
on primary(
    name='dataTypeDB',
    filename='D:dataDB.mdf',
    size=5mb,
    maxsize=15mb,
    filegrowth=2%
)log on(
    name='dataTypeLog',
    filename='D:dataLog.ldf',
    size=5mb,
    maxsize=15mb,
    filegrowth=2mb
)
use dataTypeDB--使用資料庫
create table demoTbl(
    birthday date  not null
)
--drop table demoTbl 刪除表
--delete demoTbl 刪除表中的資料
insert into demoTbl output inserted.* values('qwqw')
insert into demoTbl values(1999-01-01)
insert into demoTbl output inserted.* values('1999-01-01')
select * from demoTbl
delete demoTbl
alter table demoTbl  add  salary datetime not null
go--alter 無資料的使用
select * from demoTbl
insert into demoTbl output inserted.* values('1995/07/07','2014/10/31')
insert into demoTbl output inserted.* values('1995/07/07','2014/10/31 14:23:45')
go
declare @a datetime
set @a='2014-09-06'
select @a as 'datatime'

declare @i numeric(4,2)
set @i=12.56
select @i as [numeric]

--sql 宣告變數的時候
--declare  @變數名   資料型別
--set 設定
declare @n decimal(4,2)
set @n=23.56
select @n as 'decimal'
go
create table test(
    num decimal(4,2)
)--drop table test
insert into test output inserted.* values(10.245423423)
insert into test output inserted.* values(2.2)
create table testNumeric(
    num numeric(3,2)
)
insert into testNumeric output inserted.* values(234.56)
insert into testNumeric output inserted.* values(2.34)
use AdventureWorks
go
select * from HumanResources.Employee
use dataTypeDB
create table rongYuTbl(
    id int primary key identity(1,1),
    name char(4) not null
)
insert into rongYuTbl output inserted.* values('1234'),('abcd'),('1q2w')
select * from rongYuTbl
select distinct(name) from rongYuTbl
select distinct(name) into newTbl from rongYuTbl--2.9
select * from newTbl
--drop table newTbl
delete newTbl output deleted.* where name='1234'
select * from newTbl
select * from newTbl where name='abcd'
create schema jiagouA--建立架構
create schema jiagouB
create table jiagouA.A(
    id int primary key identity(1,1) ,
    name nvarchar(20) not null
)
create table jiagouA.b(
    id int primary key
)
create table jiagouB.A(
    id int primary key identity(1,1),
    name nvarchar(20) not null
)
select * from  jiagouA.A
select * from jiagouA.b
--指定特定列
select * from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.Employee
select  e.EmployeeID,e.Title into Emp
from  AdventureWorks.HumanResources.Employee as e
select * from Emp
select EmployeeID as 'Eid',Title as 'TName' from Emp
select 'E'=EmployeeID,'T'=Title from Emp
select EmployeeID  'EEE' ,Title 'TTT'   from Emp
select EmployeeID , 'EEE' ,Title ,'TTT'  from Emp
select EmployeeID , 'EEE'as '--->' ,Title ,'TTT'as '<----'  from Emp
select EmployeeID +'EEE--->' +Title +'TTT<----' as Infomation  from Emp
select * from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.Department
select d.Name +'----->'+GroupName+'<-----'  from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.Department as d
-------------------------------------
    select * from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeeDepartmentHistory
select S.DepartmentID,S.EmployeeID into Dep from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeeDepartmentHistory as S
select * from Dep
select DepartmentID+EmployeeID  from Dep
select * from Dep
select * from Dep where DepartmentID>5
select * from Dep where DepartmentID between 5 and 10
select * from Dep where DepartmentID=2 or DepartmentID=5
select * from Dep where DepartmentID=2 or DepartmentID=50
select * from Emp
insert into Emp output inserted.* values('Tool----U')
select * from Emp where Title like'Tool%' and Title like '%r'
select * from Emp where Title like 'Tool%  ' or Title like '%U%'
select * from Emp where not  Title='Tool%'-
    -------------------
        select * from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.Employee
select e.EmployeeID,e.Title,e.LoginID into Emp   from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.Employee e
select * from Emp
--儲存過程--
exec sp_rename 'Emp.EmployeeID','EID','column'
update Emp   set Title ='A' output inserted.* where EID=1
update Emp   set Title ='B' output deleted.* where EID=3
----------------------------
    update Emp   set Title ='C'
output inserted.* ,'-----' , deleted.*  where EID=9
--------
    select * from Emp where Title in ('Buyer','Stocker','Recruiter')
select * from Emp where Title in('A','B','C')
select * from Emp where Title not in('A','B','C')
---------------
    select * from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeeDepartmentHistory
select  E.EmployeeID,E.EndDate,E.StartDate,E.ModifiedDate
into EDH   from  AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeeDepartmentHistory E
select * from EDH where EndDate is not null
select * from EDH where EndDate is  null
select  EmployeeID,isnull(EndDate,0)  as EDate   from  EDH
----------
    select EmployeeID,coalesce(EndDate,StartDate,ModifiedDate) as C from EDH
---------------------------------
    select top 3 * from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.Employee
go
select  e.BirthDate,e.HireDate,e.EmployeeID from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.Employee e
where HireDate>='1998-01-01' and HireDate<='1999-12-31'
order by HireDate desc--ASC
--------
    select e.EmployeeID,e.NationalIDNumber,e.ContactID,e.HireDate
into EmpNew
from AdventureWorks .HumanResources.Employee e
go
select *  from EmpNew  order by EmployeeID --desc
offset 20 rows
fetch next 10 rows only
------
    select * from AdventureWorks .HumanResources.Department
order by DepartmentID desc
offset 5 rows
fetch  next 10 rows only
go
----
    五，ASCII表
練習使用
--row_number()
--rank()
--dense_rank()
--ntile()
函式。

select 'UPPER'=upper('sfgjsghd')
select ascii('A')
select UNICODE('A')
select DIFFERENCE('Hello','Hello')
select char(65)
select CHARINDEX('E','Hello')
select left('richard',4)
select RIGHT('richard',4)
select len('how are you')
select lower('HHGGF')


select DATEDIFF(year ,convert(datetime,'1990-02-05'),
    convert(datetime,'2014-01-01'))
select DATEDIFF(day ,convert(datetime,'1990-02-05'),
    convert(datetime,'2014-01-01'))
-------------------
    --row_number()
--rank()
--dense_rank()
--ntile()
select h.EmployeeID,h.Rate,rank() over (order by rate desc) as RANKDemo
from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory h

select h.EmployeeID,h.Rate,row_number() over (order by rate desc) as RANKDemo
from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory h

select h.EmployeeID,h.Rate,dense_rank() over (order by rate desc) as RANKDemo
from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory h
go
select h.EmployeeID,h.Rate,dense_rank() over (partition by EmployeeID order by rate desc) as RANKDemo
from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory h
order by EmployeeID asc
offset 15 rows
fetch next 10 rows only
-------------------------
select 'UPPER'=upper('sfgjsghd')
select ascii('A')
select UNICODE('A')
select DIFFERENCE('Hello','Hello')
select char(65)
select CHARINDEX('E','Hello')
select left('richard',4)
select RIGHT('richard',4)
select len('how are you')
select lower('HHGGF')

select DATEDIFF(year ,convert(datetime,'1990-02-05'),
    convert(datetime,'2014-01-01'))
select DATEDIFF(day ,convert(datetime,'1990-02-05'),
    convert(datetime,'2014-01-01'))
-------------------
--row_number()
--rank()
--dense_rank()
--ntile()
select h.EmployeeID,h.Rate,rank() over (order by rate desc) as RANKDemo
from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory h

select h.EmployeeID,h.Rate,row_number() over (order by rate desc) as RANKDemo
from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory h

select h.EmployeeID,h.Rate,dense_rank() over (order by rate desc) as RANKDemo
from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory h
go
select h.EmployeeID,h.Rate,dense_rank() over (partition by EmployeeID order by rate desc) as RANKDemo
from AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory h
order by EmployeeID asc