1. 程式人生 > 程式設計 >Android通過ViewModel儲存資料實現多頁面的資料共享功能

Android通過ViewModel儲存資料實現多頁面的資料共享功能

通過ViewModel實現的資料共享符合Android的MVC設計模式,將資料獨立出來

實現的Demo

1、主頁面通過SeekBar 來改變數字的值

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2、點選進入就進入第二個介面,但是資料還是共享的

在這裡插入圖片描述

3、隨便加兩個數字上去,再次切換

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4、發現數據還是共享的

在這裡插入圖片描述

下面是具體實現步驟:

1、建立兩個Fragment(使用了Binding 和 Navigation)

一點要新增Binding 和 Navigation 不然做不了

2、建立一個繼承於ViewModel的類

3、分別在兩個Fragment的程式碼中使用繼承於ViewModel的那個類,就可以實現資料共享

下面是具體程式碼:

1、繼承於ViewModel的類

package com.example.naviation01;
import androidx.lifecycle.MutableLiveData;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel;
public class MyViewMode extends ViewModel {
  private MutableLiveData<Integer> number;
  public MutableLiveData<Integer> getNumber(){
    if(this.number == null){
      this.number = new MutableLiveData<>();
      this.number.setValue(0);
    }
    return this.number;
  }
  public void add(int x){
    this.number.setValue(this.number.getValue()+x);
    if(this.number.getValue() < 0){
      this.number.setValue(0);
    }
  }
}

2、Fragment 主頁

package com.example.naviation01;
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.databinding.DataBindingUtil;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentController;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProviders;
import androidx.navigation.NavController;
import androidx.navigation.Navigation;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.SeekBar;
import com.example.naviation01.databinding.FragmentHomeBinding;
/**
 * A simple {@link Fragment} subclass.
 */
public class HomeFragment extends Fragment {
  public HomeFragment() {
    // Required empty public constructor
  }
  @Override
  public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    // Inflate the layout for this fragment
    final MyViewMode myViewMode;
    myViewMode = ViewModelProviders.of(getActivity()).get(MyViewMode.class);
    FragmentHomeBinding binding;
    binding = DataBindingUtil.inflate(inflater,R.layout.fragment_home,container,false);
    binding.setData(myViewMode);
    binding.setLifecycleOwner(getActivity());
    binding.seekBar.setProgress(myViewMode.getNumber().getValue());
    binding.seekBar.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener() {
      @Override
      public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar,int progress,boolean fromUser) {
        myViewMode.getNumber().setValue(progress);
      }
      @Override
      public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
      }
      @Override
      public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
      }
    });
    binding.button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void onClick(View v) {
        NavController controller = Navigation.findNavController(v);
        controller.navigate(R.id.action_homeFragment_to_detailFragment);
      }
    });
    return binding.getRoot();
    //return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_home,false);
  }
}

xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
  <data>
    <variable
      name="data"
      type="com.example.naviation01.MyViewMode" />
  </data>
  <FrameLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".HomeFragment">
    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="match_parent">
      <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        android:text="@{String.valueOf(data.number)}"
        android:textSize="30sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.255" />
      <SeekBar
        android:id="@+id/seekBar"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.456" />
      <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        android:text="@string/function01"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.498"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.679" />
    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
  </FrameLayout>
</layout>

3、Fragment 副頁

package com.example.naviation01;
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.databinding.DataBindingUtil;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProviders;
import androidx.navigation.NavController;
import androidx.navigation.Navigation;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import com.example.naviation01.databinding.FragmentDetailBinding;
/**
 * A simple {@link Fragment} subclass.
 */
public class DetailFragment extends Fragment {
  public DetailFragment() {
    // Required empty public constructor
  }
  @Override
  public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    // Inflate the layout for this fragment
    MyViewMode myViewMode;
    myViewMode = ViewModelProviders.of(getActivity()).get(MyViewMode.class);
    FragmentDetailBinding binding;
    binding = DataBindingUtil.inflate(inflater,R.layout.fragment_detail,false);
    binding.setDate(myViewMode);
    binding.setLifecycleOwner(getActivity());
    binding.button4.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void onClick(View v) {
        NavController controller = Navigation.findNavController(v);
        controller.navigate(R.id.action_detailFragment_to_homeFragment);
      }
    });
    return binding.getRoot();
    //return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_detail,false);
  }
}

xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
  <data>
    <variable
      name="date"
      type="com.example.naviation01.MyViewMode" />
  </data>
  <FrameLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".DetailFragment">
    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="match_parent">
      <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView3"
        android:layout_width="131dp"
        android:layout_height="55dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        android:text="@{String.valueOf(date.number)}"
        android:textSize="30sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.23" />
      <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        android:text="@string/function02"
        android:onClick="@{()->date.add(1)}"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.104"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.499" />
      <Button
        android:id="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        android:text="@string/function03"
        android:onClick="@{()->date.add(-1)}"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.899"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.499" />
      <Button
        android:id="@+id/button4"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        android:text="@string/function04"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.498"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.664" />
    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
  </FrameLayout>
</layout>

4、xml Main_Activity

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  tools:context=".MainActivity">
  <fragment
    android:id="@+id/fragment"
    android:name="androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
    android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
    app:defaultNavHost="true"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
    app:navGraph="@navigation/nav_graph" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

總結

以上所述是小編給大家介紹的Android通過ViewModel儲存資料實現多頁面的資料共享功能,希望對大家有所幫助,如果大家有任何疑問請給我留言,小編會及時回覆大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對我們網站的支援!
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