centos7搭建nextcloud個人網盤
阿新 • • 發佈：2022-05-12
nextcloud推薦在LAMP環境使用，所有得準備好lamp環境。我這裡準備的是cenots7/8 , php7.4 , mariadb ,和使用redis做快取。
cenots使用最小化安裝，
首先，安裝好yum/dnf源，加上epel源，這裡不做贅述。(我使用的是阿里雲的源)
安裝一些基礎包:
[root@bak ~]# yum install -y epel-release yum-utils unzip curl wget bash-completion policycoreutils-python-utils mlocate bzip2
#更新一下包
[root@bak ~]# yum -y update1.安裝apache
[root@bak ~]# yum install -y httpd
配置虛擬主機：
新建配置檔案/etc/httpd/conf.d/nextcloud.conf,往裡面加入下面的配置
<VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot /var/www/html/nextcloud/ ServerName your.server.com <Directory /var/www/html/nextcloud/> Require all granted AllowOverride All Options FollowSymLinks MultiViews<IfModule mod_dav.c> Dav off </IfModule> </Directory> </VirtualHost>
啟動httpd，並開機自啟
[root@bak ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
2.安裝php
配置php的儲存庫
[root@bak ~]# yum -y install https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm [root@bak ~]# yum-config-manager --enable remi-php74
安裝php及擴充套件
[root@bak ~]# yum -y install php php-cli php-fpm php-mysqlnd php-zip php-devel php-gd php-mcrypt php-mbstring php-curl php-xml php-pear php-bcmath php-json php-redis php-opcache php-pecl-apcu php-intl php-process php-imagick php-gmp
#中途下載後需要驗證，輸入即可
#完成後可將php.ini的memory_limit調高，預設128M
3.安裝資料庫
[root@bak ~]# yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server [root@bak ~]# systemctl enable --now mariadb Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
初始化
[root@bak ~]# mysql_secure_installation Enter current password for root (enter for none): OK, successfully used password, moving on... Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation. Set root password? [Y/n] y New password: Re-enter new password: Password updated successfully! Reloading privilege tables.. ... Success! By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y ... Success! Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y ... Success! By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y - Dropping test database... ... Success! - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success! Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y ... Success! Cleaning up... All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MariaDB!
建立nextcloud使用的資料庫
[root@bak ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: MariaDB [(none)]> create database nextcloud; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on nextcloud.* to 'nextcloud'@'%' identified by 'nextcloud'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
4.安裝redis
[root@bak ~]# yum install -y redis [root@bak ~]# systemctl enable --now redis Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/redis.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/redis.service.
5.配置nextcloud
上傳nextcloud,解壓
[root@bak ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg nextcloud-20.0.1.zip [root@bak ~]# unzip nextcloud-20.0.1.zip
複製到虛擬主機路徑
[root@bak ~]# cp -R nextcloud/ /var/www/html/
建立資料目錄
[root@bak ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/nextcloud/data
給apache有nextcloud的許可權
[root@bak ~]# chown -R apache:apache /var/www/html/nextcloud
重啟服務
systemctl restart httpd.service
通過IP訪問，配置好管理員和資料庫賬戶密碼
6.配置redis
完成web介面配置後，將生成/var/www/html/nextcloud/config/config.php
把下面的redis配置加入這個檔案(不知道在哪就載入檔案末尾的);的上一行)
'memcache.distributed' => '\OC\Memcache\Redis', 'memcache.locking' => '\OC\Memcache\Redis', 'memcache.local' => '\OC\Memcache\APCu', 'redis' => array( 'host' => 'localhost', 'port' => 6379, ),
重啟服務
[root@bak ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@bak ~]# systemctl restart redis
檢視redis
[root@bak ~]# redis-cli 127.0.0.1:6379> keys * 1) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-cached-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca220.0.1.1/core/458e-6468-css-variables.css" 2) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-photos-favicon-mask.svg" 3) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-activity-favicon.ico" 4) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-deps-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2text-232d-6468-icons.css.deps" 5) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-actions/logout.svg" 6) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-places/files.svg" 7) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-settings-admin.svg" 8) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-activity-activity.svg" 9) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-user_status-app.svg" 10) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-cached-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca220.0.1.1/photos/62ab-6468-icons.css" 11) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-firstrunwizard-apps/groupfolders.svg" 12) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-files-favicon-touch.png" 13) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-deps-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2core-458e-6468-css-variables.css.deps" 14) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/theming-http://10.11.114.12shouldReplaceIcons" 15) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-files-app.svg" 16) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-actions/share.svg" 17) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-dashboard-favicon-touch.png" 18) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-cached-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca220.0.1.1/dashboard/d149-6468-dashboard.css" 19) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-activity-favicon-touch.png" 20) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-places/contacts.svg" 21) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-settings-users.svg" 22) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-files-favicon.ico" 23) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-photos-favicon-touch.png" 24) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-deps-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2activity-c4f1-6468-style.css.deps" 25) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-photos-manifest.json" 26) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-logo/logo.svg" 27) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-settings-apps.svg" 28) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-firstrunwizard-apps/tasks.svg" 29) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-photos-favicon.ico" 30) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-activity-activity-dark.svg" 31) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-deps-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2files_sharing-4039-6468-icons.css.deps" 32) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-activity-favicon-mask.svg" 33) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-actions/checkmark.svg" 34) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-photos-app.svg" 35) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-deps-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2photos-62ab-6468-icons.css.deps" 36) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-cached-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca220.0.1.1/user_status/47cd-6468-user-status-menu.css" 37) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-firstrunwizard-apps/social.svg" 38) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-cached-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca220.0.1.1/notifications/0577-6468-styles.css" 39) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-settings-help.svg" 40) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-actions/user.svg" 41) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-dashboard-manifest.json" 42) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-deps-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2dashboard-d149-6468-dashboard.css.deps" 43) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-filetypes/video.svg" 44) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-logo/logo.png" 45) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-deps-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2user_status-47cd-6468-user-status-menu.css.deps" 46) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-filetypes/application-pdf.svg" 47) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-dashboard-dashboard.svg" 48) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-cached-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca220.0.1.1/activity/c4f1-6468-style.css" 49) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-filetypes/folder.svg" 50) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-places/calendar.svg" 51) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-files-manifest.json" 52) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-actions/comment.svg" 53) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-firstrunwizard-info.svg" 54) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-cached-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca220.0.1.1/core/458e-6468-server.css" 55) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-firstrunwizard-apps/deck.svg" 56) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-cached-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca220.0.1.1/files/d71e-6468-merged.css" 57) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-filetypes/x-office-document.svg" 58) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-cached-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca220.0.1.1/text/232d-6468-icons.css" 59) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-activity-manifest.json" 60) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-actions/star-dark.svg" 61) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/theming-http://10.11.114.12getScssVariables" 62) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-firstrunwizard-apps/notes.svg" 63) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-dashboard-favicon.ico" 64) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-files-add-color.svg" 65) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-dashboard-favicon-mask.svg" 66) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-background.png" 67) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-deps-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2notifications-0577-6468-styles.css.deps" 68) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-files-favicon-mask.svg" 69) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-deps-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2core-458e-6468-server.css.deps" 70) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/imagePath-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2-core-actions/delete.svg" 71) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-deps-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca2files-d71e-6468-merged.css.deps" 72) "a50c55cb49086203752b976ed6b19d74/SCSS-cached-e7da93d63304cc862fc6857840bb5ca220.0.1.1/files_sharing/4039-6468-icons.css" 。。。。。省略。。。。。。
還有其他一些優化，官網和網上也能找到，作為個人使用已經完全足夠
搭建常見問題：
1.搭建完成，無法訪問，首先檢查伺服器防火牆是否關閉
2.出現下列問題
內部伺服器錯誤
伺服器發生一個內部錯誤並且無法完成你的請求.
如果多次出現這個錯誤, 請聯絡伺服器管理員, 請把下面的技術細節包含在您的報告中.
更多細節可以在伺服器日誌中找到.
直入正題
這個問題的出現是由於資料夾許可權設定的不到位。
如果直接簡單地去設定許可權，比如：
解決方式1：關閉selinux
解決方式2：
chown apache:apache nextcloud chmod 770 nextcloud -Rf
那麼你就會得到“內部伺服器錯誤”的提示。
正確的做法是，
1.使用下面的配置指令碼（這個指令碼大概已經是第三遍被貼出來了）：
隨便找個地方（不要在Nextcloud的程式目錄下），建立一個shell指令碼：
vim permission.sh
然後把下面的內容貼上進去（在vim中，你需要先按i，然後insert+shift鍵貼上）
#!/bin/bash ocpath='/var/www/nextcloud/' #修改為你Nextcloud所放置的目錄 htuser='apache' #網頁伺服器使用者 htgroup='apache' #網頁伺服器的組 rootuser='root' printf "Creating possible missing Directories\n" mkdir -p $ocpath/data mkdir -p $ocpath/assets mkdir -p $ocpath/updater printf "chmod Files and Directories\n" find ${ocpath}/ -type f -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 0640 find ${ocpath}/ -type d -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 0750 printf "chown Directories\n" chown -R ${rootuser}:${htgroup} ${ocpath}/ chown -R ${htuser}:${htgroup} ${ocpath}/apps/ chown -R ${htuser}:${htgroup} ${ocpath}/assets/ chown -R ${htuser}:${htgroup} ${ocpath}/config/ chown -R ${htuser}:${htgroup} ${ocpath}/data/ chown -R ${htuser}:${htgroup} ${ocpath}/themes/ chown -R ${htuser}:${htgroup} ${ocpath}/updater/ chmod +x ${ocpath}/occ printf "chmod/chown .htaccess\n" if [ -f ${ocpath}/.htaccess ] then chmod 0644 ${ocpath}/.htaccess chown ${rootuser}:${htgroup} ${ocpath}/.htaccess fi if [ -f ${ocpath}/data/.htaccess ] then chmod 0644 ${ocpath}/data/.htaccess chown ${rootuser}:${htgroup} ${ocpath}/data/.htaccess fi
按ESC鍵切換到普通模式，然後輸入:wq儲存退出。
2.關閉或正確地配置SELinux
臨時的關閉可以用：
setenforce 0
永久關閉則可以編輯/etc/selinux/config 檔案：
vim /etc/selinux/config
找到SELINUX=enforcing，將它改為SELINUX=disabled。
再重新整理頁面，錯誤資訊就消失了：
解決過程
按CentOS中通常的步驟，YUM安裝httpd、php、maraidb，然後下載Nextcloud的安裝包，解壓，簡單地設定了一下許可權，關掉防火牆、SELinux，然後瀏覽器裡訪問，提示錯誤。
如果上述步驟是在Debian/Ubuntu中做，現在已經可以看到安裝介面了，而這個是什麼情況？！
按提示中所說，錯誤記錄在了日誌裡，於是檢查了一下error.log（一般位於/etc/httpd/logs裡，取決於你的配置），發現了這樣的錯誤資訊：
[Sat Nov 18 19:54:20.198935 2017] [php7:notice] [pid 24868] [client 192.168.3.66:65387] {"reqId":"WhAfbEVDNMLHuXKdeyBnUAAAAAI","level":3,"time":"2017-11-18T11:54:20+00:00","remoteAddr":"192.168.3.66","user":"--","app":"PHP","method":"GET","url":"\\/index.php","message":"chmod(): No such file or directory at \\/var\\/www\\/nextcloudtest\\/lib\\/private\\/Log\\/File.php#134","userAgent":"Mozilla\\/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit\\/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\\/62.0.3202.94 Safari\\/537.36","version":""}
呃………原來是一個PHP函式的報錯。然而，chmod(): No such file or directory？？？
趕緊看下：
[root@imagineocean nextcloudtest]# ls lib/private/Log ErrorHandler.php Errorlog.php File.php Rotate.php Syslog.php
這些檔案明明好好地躺在那裡！
第一反應是SELinux在搗鬼，於是檢查了一下：
[root@imagineocean nextcloud]# getenforce
Permissive
轉載：https://www.cnblogs.com/shipment/p/14011910.html
轉載：解決CentOS中安裝ownCloud/Nextcloud出現“內部伺服器錯誤”-雲碼酷-綜合自學教程 - Powered by 雲碼酷! (webzx.net)