PHP 開發起步示例

阿新 • • 發佈：2022-05-28

PHP 開發起步示例

開發y一個demo

用 phpstorm 建立新專案 demo
構建開發程式設計環境
1. 使用 psr-4 標準化載入機制
2. 使用 composer 構建初始化專案
3. 專案目錄下開啟命令列執行 composer require symfony/var-dumper 引入 composer.json 的初始結構

專案結構顯示

> tree -L 2 demo
demo
├── composer.json
├── composer.lock
└── vendor
    ├── autoload.php
    ├── composer
    └── symfony

修改 composer.json 配置檔案，配置自動載入標準，指定 psr-4, 並建立一個目錄，配置資訊完成對映， composer.json 檔案內容如下
```
{
    "autoload": {
        "psr-4": {
            "App\\": "app"
        }
    },
    "require": {
        "symfony/var-dumper": "^3.4"
    }
}
```
終端執行命令，讓自動載入在專案中生效
composer dump-autoload -o
輸出：Generating optimized autoload files

編輯 index.php

<?php
    
require_once 'vendor/autoload.php';
    
dump("this is a composer construct project");

執行 php index.php 輸出 this is a composer construct project

測試自動載入，目錄結構

app
├── Helper.php
└── task
    └── BackTask.php

編輯 index.php

<?php
    
require_once 'vendor/autoload.php';
    
dump("this is a composer construct project");
    
\App\Helper::println("static function output");
    
$helper = new \App\Helper();
$helper->sayHello("object function output");
    
$backTask = new \App\Task\BackTask();

執行 php index.php 輸出正常

遇到問題記錄

問題1：

$ composer require symfony/var-dumper
The "https://packagist.phpcomposer.com/packages.json" file could not be downloaded: SSL operation failed with code 1. OpenSSL Error messages:
error:14090086:SSL routines:ssl3_get_server_certificate:certificate verify failed
Failed to enable crypto
failed to open stream: operation failed
https://packagist.phpcomposer.com could not be fully loaded, package information was loaded from the local cache and may be out of date


  [InvalidArgumentException]
  Could not find a matching version of package symfony/var-dumps. Check the package spelling, your version constraint and that
  the package is available in a stability which matches your minimum-stability (stable).


require [--dev] [--prefer-source] [--prefer-dist] [--no-progress] [--no-suggest] [--no-update] [--no-scripts] [--update-no-dev] [--update-with-dependencies] [--ignore-platform-reqs] [--prefer-stable] [--prefer-lowest] [--sort-packages] [-o|--optimize-autoloader] [-a|--classmap-authoritative] [--apcu-autoloader] [--] [<packages>]...

原因：證書失效
解決：I solved the problem with the SSL error by adding the SSL certificate

// download a certificate
wget http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem

配置 php.ini 中的 openssl.cafile= 為下載的檔案的全路徑

refer: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27206719/composer-update-fails-while-updating-from-packagist

問題2：

$ composer require symfony/var-dumper
Using version ^3.4 for symfony/var-dumper
./composer.json has been updated
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
Package operations: 2 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals
  - Installing symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.19.0): Downloading (connecting...)    Failed to download symfony/polyfill-mbstring from dist: The 'https://api.github.com/repos/symfony/polyfill-mbstring/zipball/b5f7b932ee6fa802fc792eabd77c4c88084517ce' URL could not be accessed: HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request

    Now trying to download from source
  - Installing symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.19.0): Cloning b5f7b932ee


  [RuntimeException]
  Failed to clone https://github.com/symfony/polyfill-mbstring.git via https, ssh protocols, aborting.
  - https://github.com/symfony/polyfill-mbstring.git
    Cloning into '/Users/user00/Documents/workspace/phptest/demo1/vendor/symfony/polyfill-mbstring'...
    fatal: unable to access 'https://github.com/symfony/polyfill-mbstring.git/': LibreSSL SSL_connect: SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL in con
  nection to github.com:443
  - [email protected]:symfony/polyfill-mbstring.git
    Cloning into '/Users/user00/Documents/workspace/phptest/demo1/vendor/symfony/polyfill-mbstring'...
    [email protected]: Permission denied (publickey).
    fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

    Please make sure you have the correct access rights
    and the repository exists.


require [--dev] [--prefer-source] [--prefer-dist] [--no-progress] [--no-suggest] [--no-update] [--no-scripts] [--update-no-dev] [--update-with-dependencies] [--ignore-platform-reqs] [--prefer-stable] [--prefer-lowest] [--sort-packages] [-o|--optimize-autoloader] [-a|--classmap-authoritative] [--apcu-autoloader] [--] [<packages>]...

原因：composer 源不可用
解決：配置國內的源

# 配置全域性
composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/composer

# 取消全域性配置
composer config -g --unset repos.packagist

常見國內的源

composer        https://packagist.org
phpcomposer     https://packagist.phpcomposer.com
aliyun          https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer
tencent         https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/composer
huawei          https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/repository/php
laravel-china   https://packagist.laravel-china.org
cnpkg           https://php.cnpkg.org
sjtug           https://packagist.mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn

refer: https://learnku.com/articles/15977/composer-accelerate-and-modify-mirror-source-in-china