實驗5 結構體和檔案
阿新 • • 發佈:2022-06-01
task1-1
#include <stdio.h> #define N 5 #define M 80 typedef struct { char name[M]; char author[M]; }Book; int main() { Book x[N] = { {"一九八四", "喬治.奧威爾"}, {"美麗新世界", "赫胥黎"}, {"昨日的世界", "斯蒂芬.茨威格"}, {"萬曆十五年", "黃仁宇"}, {"一隻特立獨行的豬", "王小波"} }; int i; FILE *fp; fp = fopen("data1.txt", "w"); if(fp == NULL) { printf("fail to open file\n"); return 1; } for(i=0; i<N; ++i) { fprintf(fp, "%-20s %-20s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author); printf("%-20s %-20s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author); } fclose(fp); return 0; }
task1-2
#include<stdio.h> #define N 5 #define M 80 typedef struct { char name[M]; char author[M]; }Book; int main() { Book x[N]; int i; FILE *fp; fp = fopen("data1.txt", "r"); if(fp == NULL) { printf("fail to open file\n"); return 1; } for(i=0; i<N; ++i) { fscanf(fp, "%s %s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author); printf("%-20s %-20s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author); } fclose(fp); return 0; }
task2-1
#include <stdio.h> #define N 5 #define M 80 typedef struct { char name[M]; char author[M]; }Book; int main() { Book x[N] = { {"一九八四", "喬治.奧威爾"}, {"美麗新世界", "赫胥黎"}, {"昨日的世界", "斯蒂芬.茨威格"}, {"萬曆十五年", "黃仁宇"}, {"一隻特立獨行的豬", "王小波"} }; int i; FILE *fp; fp = fopen("data2.dat", "wb"); if(fp == NULL) { printf("fail to open file\n"); return 1; } fwrite(x, sizeof(Book), N, fp); fclose(fp); return 0; }
task2-2
#include <stdio.h> #define N 5 #define M 80 typedef struct { char name[M]; char author[M]; }Book; int main() { Book x[N]; int i; FILE *fp; fp = fopen("data2.dat", "rb"); if(fp == NULL) { printf("fail to open file\n"); return 1; } fread(x, sizeof(Book), N, fp); for(i=0; i<N; ++i) printf("%-20s%-20s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author); fclose(fp); return 0; }
task3-2
#include<stdio.h> int main() { FILE *fin; char ch; int i=0; fin=fopen("data3_1.txt","r"); if(fin==NULL) { printf("fail to open data3_1.txt\n"); return 1; } while(!feof(fin)) { ch=fgetc(fin); if(ch!='\t'&&ch!='\n'&&ch!=' '&&ch!=EOF) i++; } fclose(fin); printf("data3_1.txt中共包含字元數:%d",i); return 0; }
task 5
#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define N 10 typedef struct { long int id; char name[20]; float objective; /*客觀題得分*/ float subjective; /*操作題得分*/ float sum; char level[10]; } STU; // 函式宣告 void input(STU s[], int n); void output(STU s[], int n); void process(STU s[], int n); int main() { STU stu[N]; printf("從檔案讀入%d個考生資訊: 准考證號,姓名,客觀題得分(<=40),操作題得分 (<=60)\n", N); input(stu, N); printf("\n對考生資訊進行處理: 計算總分,確定等級\n"); process(stu, N); printf("\n列印考生完整資訊, 並儲存到檔案中"); output(stu, N); return 0; } void input(STU s[], int n) { int i; FILE *fin; fin = fopen("examinee.txt", "r"); if (fin == NULL) { printf("fail to open file\n"); exit(0); } while (!feof(fin)) { for (i = 0; i < n; i++) fscanf(fin, "%ld %s %f %f", &s[i].id, s[i].name, &s[i].objective, &s[i].subjective); } fclose(fin); } void output(STU s[], int n) { FILE *fout; int i; // 輸出到螢幕 printf("\n"); printf("准考證號\t姓名\t客觀題得分\t操作題得分\t總分\t\t等級\n"); for (i = 0; i < n; i++) printf("%ld\t\t%s\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%s\n", s[i].id, s[i].name, s[i].objective, s[i].subjective, s[i].sum, s[i].level); // 儲存到檔案 fout = fopen("result.txt", "w"); if (!fout) { printf("fail to open or create result.txt\n"); exit(0); } fprintf(fout, "准考證號\t\t姓名\t客觀題得分\t操作題得分\t總分\t\t等級\n"); for (i = 0; i < n; i++) fprintf(fout, "%ld\t\t%s\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%s\n", s[i].id, s[i].name, s[i].objective, s[i].subjective, s[i].sum, s[i].level); fclose(fout); } void process(STU s[], int n) { int i,j,k; STU temp; for(i=0;i<n;i++) s[i].sum=s[i].objective+s[i].subjective; for(i=0;i<n;i++) for(k=0;k<n-1-i;k++) if(s[k].sum<s[k+1].sum) { temp=s[k]; s[k]=s[k+1]; s[k+1]=temp; } j=n/10; for(i=0;i<j;i++) strcpy(s[i].level,"優秀"); k=n/2; for(i=j;i<k;i++) strcpy(s[i].level,"合格"); for(i=k;i<n;i++) strcpy(s[i].level,"不合格"); }
task 6
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #define N 81 #define M 5 typedef struct { long int id; char name[20]; char banji[60]; }STU; int main() { int i,j; STU x[N],ran[M]; FILE *fin,*fout; fin = fopen("list.txt","r"); if(fin == NULL) { printf("fail to open list.txt\n"); return 1; } for(i=1;i<=N;i++) fscanf(fin, "%ld %s %s", &x[i].id, x[i].name, x[i].banji); fclose(fin); srand(time(0)); j = rand()%(80)+1; for(i=0;i<M;i++) { ran[i] = x[j]; j = rand()%(80)+1; } fout = fopen("lucky.txt", "w"); if(fout == NULL) { printf("fail to open file\n"); return 1; } for(i=0;i<M;i++) { fprintf(fout, "%ld %s %s\n", ran[i].id, ran[i].name, ran[i].banji); printf("%ld %s %s\n", ran[i].id, ran[i].name, ran[i].banji); } fclose(fout); return 0; }