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Java 註解和反射(六)獲取泛型,註解資訊

反射操作泛型

**Java採用泛型擦出的機制來引入泛型,Java中的泛型僅僅是給編譯器javac使用的,確保資料

 的安全性和免除強制型別轉換問題,但是,一旦編譯完成,所有和泛型有關的型別全部擦除

**為了通過反射操作這些型別,Java新增了ParameterizedType,GenericArrayType,TypeVariable

 和WildcardType幾種型別來代表不能被歸一到Class類中的型別但是又和原始型別齊名的型別

**ParmeterizedType:表示一種引數化型別,比如Collection<String>

**GenericArrayType:表示一種元素型別是引數化型別或者型別變數的陣列型別

**TypeVarible:是各種型別變數的公共父介面

**WildcardType:代表一種萬用字元型別表示式

public class Test10 {
    public void test01(Map<String,User> map , List<User> list){
        System.out.println("test01");
    }
    public Map<String,User> test02(){
        System.out.println("test02");
        return null;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchMethodException {
        Method method = Test10.class.getMethod("test01", Map.class, List.class);
        Type[] genericParameterTypes = method.getGenericParameterTypes();
        for (Type genericParameterType : genericParameterTypes) {
            System.out.println("#"+genericParameterType);
            if (genericParameterType instanceof ParameterizedType){
                Type[] actualTypeArguments = ((ParameterizedType) genericParameterType).getActualTypeArguments();
                for (Type actualTypeArgument : actualTypeArguments) {
                    System.out.println(actualTypeArgument);
                }
            }
        }
         method = Test10.class.getMethod("test02", null);
         Type genericReturnType = method.getGenericReturnType();
        if (genericReturnType instanceof ParameterizedType){
            Type[] actualTypeArguments = ((ParameterizedType) genericReturnType).getActualTypeArguments();
            for (Type actualTypeArgument : actualTypeArguments) {
                System.out.println(actualTypeArgument);
            }
        }
    }
}

反射操作註解

getAnnotations

getAnnotation

練習ORM

瞭解什麼是ORM?

Object relationship Mapping --> 物件關係對映

類和表結構對應

屬性和欄位對應

物件和記錄對應

要求:利用註解和反射完成類和表結構的對映關係

//練習反射操作註解
public class Test11 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchFieldException {
        Class c1 = Class.forName("refection.Student");
        //通過反射獲得註解
        Annotation[] annotations = c1.getAnnotations();
        for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
            System.out.println(annotation);
        }
        //獲得註解Value的值
        TableLuo tableLuo = (TableLuo) c1.getAnnotation(TableLuo.class);
        String value = tableLuo.value();
        System.out.println(value);

        //獲得屬性的註解
        Field name = c1.getDeclaredField("name");
        FieldLuo annotations1 = name.getAnnotation(FieldLuo.class);
        System.out.println(annotations1.columnName());
        System.out.println(annotations1.length());
        System.out.println(annotations1.type());
    }
}

@TableLuo("db_student")
class Student{
    @FieldLuo(columnName = "db_id",type = "int",length = 10)
    private int id;
    @FieldLuo(columnName = "db_age",type = "int",length = 10)
    private int age;
    @FieldLuo(columnName = "db_name",type = "varchar",length = 3)
    private String name;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(int id, int age, String name) {
        this.id = id;
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "student{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

//類名註解
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface TableLuo{
    String value();
}

//屬性註解
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface FieldLuo{
    String columnName();
    String type();
    int length();
}