Kubernetes(K8S) helm chart
阿新 • • 發佈:2022-12-05
感覺和放到一個 yaml 檔案中,用 ---- 分隔,操作繁瑣程度上,沒有太大區別
建立自定義 Chart
# 建立自定義的 chart 名為 mychart [root@k8smaster ~]# helm create mychart Creating mychart [root@k8smaster ~]# cd mychart/ [root@k8smaster mychart]# ls charts Chart.yaml # 當前chart 屬性配置資訊 templates # 編寫 yaml 檔案放到這個目錄,是 yaml 的集合 values.yaml # yaml檔案可以使用的全域性變數 [root@k8smaster mychart]#
建立 yaml 檔案
在 templates 資料夾中建立兩個 yaml 檔案
- deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: creationTimestamp: null labels: app: web1 name: web1 spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: web1 strategy: {} template: metadata: creationTimestamp: null labels: app: web1 spec: containers: - image: nginx name: nginx resources: {} status: {}
- service.yaml
apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: creationTimestamp: null labels: app: web1 name: web1 spec: ports: - port: 80 protocol: TCP targetPort: 80 nodePort: 30390 # 可以指定暴露出去的埠,防止重啟 Pod 後發生變化 selector: app: web1 type: NodePort status: loadBalancer: {}
# 切換到 templates 目錄下
[root@k8smaster mychart]# cd templates/
# 建立一個web1應用--內容見上文
[root@k8smaster templates]# vi deployment.yaml
# 暴露埠--內容見上文
[root@k8smaster templates]# vi service.yaml
[root@k8smaster templates]#
安裝
[root@k8smaster ~]# helm install web1 mychart/
NAME: web1
LAST DEPLOYED: Mon Nov 28 14:26:34 2022
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands:
export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace default -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=mychart,app.kubernetes.io/instance=web1" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
echo "Visit http://127.0.0.1:8080 to use your application"
kubectl --namespace default port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:80
[root@k8smaster ~]# helm list
NAME NAMESPACE REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION
ui default 1 2022-11-28 13:15:05.404335352 +0800 CST deployed weave-scope-1.1.12 1.12.0
web1 default 1 2022-11-28 14:26:34.854631893 +0800 CST deployed mychart-0.1.0 1.16.0
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl get pod,svc
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/nginx-f89759699-652r4 1/1 Running 0 5d
pod/nginx-nfs-788564fbc8-g58xd 1/1 Running 0 5d
pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-7qqd4 1/1 Running 0 73m
pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-knqwk 1/1 Running 0 73m
pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-r74cm 1/1 Running 0 73m
pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-xnrht 1/1 Running 0 73m
pod/weave-scope-cluster-agent-ui-7498b8d4f4-pmkzh 1/1 Running 0 73m
pod/weave-scope-frontend-ui-649c7dcd5d-jfg72 1/1 Running 0 73m
pod/web1-7f87dfbd56-w7p4d 1/1 Running 0 91s
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/javademo1 NodePort 10.106.43.46 <none> 8111:31452/TCP 40d
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 45d
service/nginx NodePort 10.103.87.81 <none> 80:30339/TCP 45d
service/nginx-nfs NodePort 10.99.84.9 <none> 80:30205/TCP 19d
service/ui-weave-scope NodePort 10.101.4.212 <none> 80:30690/TCP 73m
service/web1 NodePort 10.100.238.141 <none> 80:30390/TCP 91s
[root@k8smaster ~]#
升級
[root@k8smaster ~]# helm upgrade web1 mychart/
Release "web1" has been upgraded. Happy Helming!
NAME: web1
LAST DEPLOYED: Mon Nov 28 14:29:39 2022
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 2
NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands:
export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace default -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=mychart,app.kubernetes.io/instance=web1" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
echo "Visit http://127.0.0.1:8080 to use your application"
kubectl --namespace default port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:80
[root@k8smaster ~]#
yaml 高效複用
通過傳遞引數,動態渲染模板 yaml 內容,動態傳入引數生成
在 chart values.yaml 檔案,定義 yaml 檔案全域性變數
在 values.yaml 定義變數和值
在具體 yaml檔案中,獲取定義變數的值
- image、tag、label、port、replicas
定義變數
[root@k8smaster ~]# cd mychart/
[root@k8smaster mychart]# vi values.yaml
image: nginx
replicas: 1
tag: 1.16
label: nginx
port: 80
使用變數
方便統一定義
{{ .Values.變數名稱}}
{{ .Release.Name}} -> 獲取版本名稱
- deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: {{ .Release.Name}}-deploy
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: {{ .Values.label}}
strategy: {}
template:
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null
labels:
app: {{ .Values.label}}
spec:
containers:
- image: {{ .Values.image}}
name: nginx
resources: {}
status: {}
- service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: {{ .Release.Name}}-deploy
spec:
ports:
- port: {{ .Values.port}}
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 80
selector:
app: {{ .Values.label}}
type: NodePort
status:
loadBalancer: {}
[root@k8smaster mychart]# vi templates/deployment.yaml
[root@k8smaster mychart]# vi templates/deployment.yaml
[root@k8smaster mychart]# cd
[root@k8smaster ~]# helm install --dry-run web2 mychart/
# Source: mychart/templates/service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: web2-deploy
spec:
ports:
- port: 80
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 80
selector:
app: nginx
type: NodePort
status:
loadBalancer: {}
---
# Source: mychart/templates/deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: web2-deploy
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
strategy: {}
template:
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- image: nginx
name: nginx
resources: {}
status: {}
[root@k8smaster ~]# helm install web2 mychart/
NAME: web2
LAST DEPLOYED: Mon Nov 28 15:13:48 2022
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl get pod,svc
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/nginx-f89759699-652r4 1/1 Running 0 5d1h
pod/nginx-nfs-788564fbc8-g58xd 1/1 Running 0 5d1h
pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-7qqd4 1/1 Running 0 119m
pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-knqwk 1/1 Running 0 119m
pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-r74cm 1/1 Running 0 119m
pod/weave-scope-agent-ui-xnrht 1/1 Running 0 119m
pod/weave-scope-cluster-agent-ui-7498b8d4f4-pmkzh 1/1 Running 0 119m
pod/weave-scope-frontend-ui-649c7dcd5d-jfg72 1/1 Running 0 119m
pod/web1-7f87dfbd56-w7p4d 1/1 Running 0 47m
pod/web2-deploy-f89759699-9z5n4 1/1 Running 0 22s
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/javademo1 NodePort 10.106.43.46 <none> 8111:31452/TCP 40d
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 45d
service/nginx NodePort 10.103.87.81 <none> 80:30339/TCP 45d
service/nginx-nfs NodePort 10.99.84.9 <none> 80:30205/TCP 19d
service/ui-weave-scope NodePort 10.101.4.212 <none> 80:30690/TCP 119m
service/web1 NodePort 10.100.238.141 <none> 80:30390/TCP 47m
service/web2-deploy NodePort 10.111.219.124 <none> 80:30277/TCP 22s
[root@k8smaster ~]# helm uninstall web2
release "web2" uninstalled