Linux究極服務部署
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目錄環境準備
第一步,將下載的虛擬機器檔案上傳到VMware中
點選VMware左上角的檔案-然後下拉選單中點選開啟,然後找到你下載的虛擬機器檔案位置後一直點進去,最後雙擊
第二步,配置網路
本虛擬機器使用的net網路,網段是192.168.200.0,所以要編輯你本地虛擬機器的net網段
1,點選檔案旁邊的編輯,下拉選單中點選虛擬網路編輯器,2,然後點選更改設定
2,編輯net網段
3,完成後重啟服務端和客戶端的網路
服務端ubuntu----重啟命令
netplan apply
root@ubuntu-server:~# netplan apply root@ubuntu-server:~# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:1a:93:c9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff altname enp2s1 inet 192.168.200.160/24 brd 192.168.200.255 scope global ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe1a:93c9/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: ens38: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:1a:93:d3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff altname enp2s6 inet 192.168.200.161/24 brd 192.168.200.255 scope global ens38 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe1a:93d3/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@ubuntu-server:~#
客戶端centos----網路重啟命令
systemctl restart network
[root@centos-client ~]# systemctl restart network [root@centos-client ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:88:26:3d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.200.150/24 brd 192.168.200.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::39d2:e013:cba8:24af/64 scope link tentative noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: ens34: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:88:26:47 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff [root@centos-client ~]#
環境準備到此結束,開始使用服務
ftp服務測試
域名已配置:ftp.hoyeong.com
ftp服務端使用者(密碼預設000000):huhy
第一步,先在服務端的 /opt 目錄下建立一個下載的測試檔案
touch /opt/get-test.txt
第二步,在客戶端當前的 /root/ 目錄建立一個上傳測試檔案
touch /opt/put-test.txt
開始在客戶端使用ftp服務
1,ftp後面+域名
ftp ftp.hoyeong.com
2,輸入huhy使用者名稱
huhy
3,輸入密碼(預設000000)
4,put上傳檔案(切記切記上傳的檔案在/home/huhy/目錄下)
put put-test.txt
5,get下載檔案(下載的檔案就在當前的/root/目錄下),需要先進入到/opt/下在使用下載
cd /opt/
get get-test.txt
完整演示
[root@centos-client ~]# ftp ftp.hoyeong.com
Connected to ftp.hoyeong.com (192.168.200.160).
220 (vsFTPd 3.0.5)
Name (ftp.hoyeong.com:root): huhy
331 Please specify the password.
Password:
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp>
ftp> put put-test.txt
local: put-test.txt remote: put-test.txt
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,200,160,44,193).
150 Ok to send data.
226 Transfer complete.
ftp> cd /opt/
250 Directory successfully changed.
ftp> ls
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,200,160,110,251).
150 Here comes the directory listing.
-rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 0 Dec 05 12:31 get-test.txt
226 Directory send OK.
ftp> get get-test.txt
local: get-test.txt remote: get-test.txt
227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,200,160,137,36).
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for get-test.txt (0 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
ftp> exit
221 Goodbye.
驗證
客戶端下載的檔案
[root@centos-client ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg get-test.txt put-test.txt
上傳到服務端的檔案
root@ubuntu-server:~# ls /home/huhy/
put-test.txt
root@ubuntu-server:~#
nfs服務測試
域名已配置:nfs.hoyeong.com
服務端掛載點:/mnt/nfs-server
客戶端掛載點:/mnt/nfs-client
開始實驗,客戶端直接掛載
mount -t nfs nfs.hoyeong.com:/mnt/nfs-server /mnt/nfs-client
[root@centos-client ~]# mount -t nfs nfs.hoyeong.com:/mnt/nfs-server /mnt/nfs-client
[root@centos-client ~]# df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 20M 1.9G 2% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 50G 1.6G 49G 4% /
/dev/mapper/centos-home xfs 46G 33M 46G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 151M 864M 15% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% /run/user/0
nfs.hoyeong.com:/mnt/nfs-server nfs4 20G 6.9G 12G 38% /mnt/nfs-client
[root@centos-client ~]#
驗證
客戶端隨便建立一個檔案測試
touch /mnt/nfs-client/aaaaaaaaaaaa
客戶端檢視
[root@centos-client ~]# ls /mnt/nfs-client/
aaaaaaaaaaaa
[root@centos-client ~]#
服務端驗證
root@ubuntu-server:~# ls /mnt/nfs-server/
aaaaaaaaaaaa
root@ubuntu-server:~#
smb服務測試
域名已配置:smb.hoyeong.com
smb使用者名稱(密碼預設000000):smb-user
服務端掛載點:/mnt/smb-server
客戶端掛載點:/mnt/smb-client
客戶端開始測試
1,驗證是否可以訪問服務端(密碼預設000000)
smbclient -L //192.168.200.160
[root@centos-client ~]# smbclient -L //192.168.200.160
Enter SAMBA\root's password:
Sharename Type Comment
--------- ---- -------
print$ Disk Printer Drivers
my-samba Disk hello
IPC$ IPC IPC Service (ubuntu-server server (Samba, Ubuntu))
Reconnecting with SMB1 for workgroup listing.
smbXcli_negprot_smb1_done: No compatible protocol selected by server.
protocol negotiation failed: NT_STATUS_INVALID_NETWORK_RESPONSE
Unable to connect with SMB1 -- no workgroup available
[root@centos-client ~]#
2,開始域名掛載(密碼預設000000)
mount -t cifs //smb.hoyeong.com/my-samba /mnt/smb-client -o username=smb-user
[root@centos-client ~]# mount -t cifs //smb.hoyeong.com/my-samba /mnt/smb-client -o username=smb-user
Password for smb-user@//smb.hoyeong.com/my-samba: ******
[root@centos-client ~]# df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 20M 1.9G 2% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 50G 1.6G 49G 4% /
/dev/mapper/centos-home xfs 46G 33M 46G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 151M 864M 15% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% /run/user/0
nfs.hoyeong.com:/mnt/nfs-server nfs4 20G 6.9G 12G 38% /mnt/nfs-client
//smb.hoyeong.com/my-samba cifs 20G 7.9G 12G 41% /mnt/smb-client
[root@centos-client ~]#
驗證
1,客戶端隨便建立一個測試檔案
touch /mnt/smb-client/qqqqqqqqqqqqqq
2,客戶端檢視
[root@centos-client ~]# ls /mnt/smb-client/
qqqqqqqqqqqqqq
[root@centos-client ~]#
3,服務端驗證
root@ubuntu-server:~# ls /mnt/smb-server/
qqqqqqqqqqqqqq
root@ubuntu-server:~#
www服務測試
域名已配置:www.hoyeong.com
注:本實驗測試需要在桌面版伺服器下
開啟桌面版伺服器(centos、Ubuntu都可)後,修改檔案即可
sed -i 's/127.0.0.53/192.168.200.160/'g /etc/resolv.conf
驗證
mail服務測試
域名已配置:mail.hoyeong.com
mail使用者(密碼預設000000):mailuser1、mailuser2
客戶端實驗測試
1,訪問mail伺服器並使用mailuser1傳送郵件給mailuser2
telnet mail.hoyeong.com 25
helo mail.hoyeong.com
mail from:"Hello mail"<[email protected]>
rcpt to:[email protected]
data
hello huhy,welcome!!!!
.
quit
驗證
服務端切換到mailuser2驗證即可
root@ubuntu-server:~# su mailuser2
$ mail
"/var/mail/mail1": 1 message 1 new
>N 1 [email protected]. Tue Nov 22 14:11 10/352
? 1
Return-Path: <[email protected]>
Received: from www.hoyeong.com ([192.168.200.101])
by huhy (8.15.2/8.15.2/Debian-22ubuntu3) with SMTP id 2AME8a4K004428
for [email protected]; Tue, 22 Nov 2022 14:10:30 GMT
Date: Tue, 22 Nov 2022 14:08:36 GMT
From: [email protected]
Message-Id: <202211221410.2AME8a4K004428@huhy>
hello huhy,welcome!!!!
?
#使用exit退出
dhcp服務測試
注:此服務配置的DHCP動態IP地址為20-100,所以第一個使用的起始網址為為20
將客戶端centos的網絡卡配置為動態後重啟即可
先備份網絡卡檔案
cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33{,.bak}
cat > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 <<eof
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
UUID=52c22627-a236-404e-99a6-ed79ff9fd392
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
eof
然後關機重啟客戶端伺服器!!!!!
驗證
大功告成!!!!!!
完結撒花!!!!!!