Linux 程序開啟最大檔案連線數Too many open files
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-07-27
首先出現這個提示的原因：應用程式開啟的檔案數量超過了系統設定值。
如何檢視當前系統每個使用者最大允許開啟檔案數量：
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[root@registry ~]# ulimit -a
corefilesize (blocks, -c) 0
data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited
scheduling priority (-e) 0
filesize (blocks, -f) unlimited
pending signals (-i) 3820
max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited
openfiles (-n) 1024
pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8
POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200
real-timepriority (-r) 0
stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192
cputime(seconds, -t) unlimited
max user processes (-u) 3820
virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited
filelocks (-x) unlimited
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或者
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[root@registry ~]# ulimit -n
1024
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其中open files (-n) 1024表示每個使用者最大允許開啟的檔案數量是1024
#檢視一下當前已有的連線數，以此來判斷open files 為1024 是否足夠
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[root@registry ~]# lsof -n |awk '{print$2}'|sort |uniq -c |sort -nr |more590 5458
445 1065
306 638
267 770
190 5682
189 5457
158 704
130 1194
117 681
81 1263
68 5419
66 640
62 1
60 5677
57 678
55 1067
51 9036
51 1196
48 5698
44 677
44 470
38 494
32 637
29 4430
20 4614
17 9250
14 4566
12 9256
12 9251
11 9254
11 9252
10 9255
10 693
9 9253
3 92
3 9037
3 9033
3 9
3 8964
3 8
3 726
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其中第一列是開啟的檔案控制代碼數量，第二列是程序id號
通過控制代碼數量最多的程序，檢視是哪個應用程式打開了最多的檔案控制代碼，通過命令：
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[root@registry ~]# ps -aef |grep PID
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設定open files 數值的方法
1.臨時設定方法
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[root@registry ~]# ulimit -n 4096
[root@registry ~]# ulimit -a
corefilesize (blocks, -c) 0
data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited
scheduling priority (-e) 0
filesize (blocks, -f) unlimited
pending signals (-i) 3820
max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64
max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited
openfiles (-n) 4096
pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8
POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200
real-timepriority (-r) 0
stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192
cputime(seconds, -t) unlimited
max user processes (-u) 3820
virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited
filelocks (-x) unlimited
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這樣就可以把當前使用者的最大允許開啟檔案數量設定為4096，但這種設定方法在重啟後會還原為預設值。
2.永久設定方法
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[root@registry ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
# End of file
root soft nofile 65535
root hard nofile 65535
* soft nofile 65535
* hard nofile 65535
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在檔案末尾新增上述四行，其中後面兩行的 * 表示所有的使用者，也可以根據需要設定某一個使用者，比如www
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# End of file
root soft nofile 65535
root hard nofile 65535
www soft nofile 65535
www hard nofile 65535
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登出賬戶，重新登入即可生效。
如果想檢視某個程序最大允許開啟的檔案數量，可通過如下命令檢視：
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[root@registry ~]# top
top- 15:39:21 up 101 days, 6:26, 1 user, load average: 0.33, 0.57, 0.52
Tasks: 70 total, 1 running, 69 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 6.7 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 93.3id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 3881824 total, 111956free, 3505012 used, 264856 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2047996 total, 1001156free, 1046840 used. 123968 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
12872 www 20 0 2738092 743948 2292 S 6.7 19.2 652:05.43 java
1 root 20 0 43380 2244 1352 S 0.0 0.1 4:11.26 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.31 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 28:18.97 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 33:52.08 rcu_sched
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:39.61 watchdog/0
12 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdevtmpfs
13 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns
14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:07.72 khungtaskd
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.18 writeback
16 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kintegrityd
17 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 bioset
18 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd
19 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 md
25 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 12:21.57 kswapd0
26 root 25 5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksmd
27 root 39 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:17.32 khugepaged
28 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 crypto
36 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthrotld
38 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kmpath_rdacd
39 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kpsmoused
40 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ipv6_addrconf
59 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 deferwq
101 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:03.48 kauditd
225 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ata_sff
233 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_0
234 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_0
235 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_1
236 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_1
240 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ttm_swap
252 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 1:07.64 kworker/0:1H
257 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 3:12.26 jbd2/vda1-8
258 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ext4-rsv-conver
325 root 20 0 119080 5460 5316 S 0.0 0.1 5:27.58 systemd-journal
354 root 20 0 44032 8 4 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.08 systemd-udevd
[root@registry ~]# cat /proc/12872/limits
Limit Soft Limit Hard Limit Units
Max cputimeunlimited unlimited seconds
Maxfilesize unlimited unlimited bytes
Max data size unlimited unlimited bytes
Max stack size 8388608 unlimited bytes
Max corefilesize 0 unlimited bytes
Max residentsetunlimited unlimited bytes
Max processes 65535 65535 processes
Maxopenfiles 65535 65535 files
Max locked memory 65536 65536 bytes
Max address space unlimited unlimited bytes
Maxfilelocks unlimited unlimited locks
Max pending signals 15089 15089 signals
Max msgqueue size 819200 819200 bytes
Maxnicepriority 0 0
Max realtime priority 0 0
Max realtime timeout unlimited unlimited us
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