課程表設計以及優化
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-07-27
課程表設計以及優化
ForeignKey欄位的擴充套件：
related_name:
反向操作時，使用的欄位名，用來替換原反向查詢時的表名_set
related_query_name:
反向查詢操作時，使用的連線字首，用於替換表名。
課程表分析（簡陋版）
from django.db import models class Course(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=64) title = models.CharField(max_length=64) level = models.IntegerField(choices=((0, '入門'), (1, '進階')), default=0) detail = models.TextField() # 可以關聯詳情表 type = models.IntegerField(choices=((0, 'Python'), (1, 'Linux')), default=0) is_show = models.BooleanField(default=False) # 優化欄位 # 總學生數 students = models.IntegerField(default=0) # 總學時 time = models.IntegerField(default=0) class Meta: abstract = True # 虛擬機器表 # 免費課 class FreeCourse(Course): image = models.ImageField(upload_to='course/free') attachment = models.FileField(upload_to='attachment') # 實戰課 class ActualCourse(Course): image = models.ImageField(upload_to='course/actual') price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=7, decimal_places=2) cost = models.DecimalField(max_digits=7, decimal_places=2) # 輕課 class LightCourse(Course): image = models.ImageField(upload_to='course/light') price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=7, decimal_places=2) cost = models.DecimalField(max_digits=7, decimal_places=2) period = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='學習建議週期(month)', default=0)
課程表進階
# 路飛課程相關表，以免費課為例 from luffyapi.utils.models import BaseModel from itertools import chain class CourseCategory(BaseModel): """ 課程分類 python,linux,go, 網路安全 分類與課程是一對多關係 """ name = models.CharField(max_length=64, unique=True, verbose_name="分類名稱") class Meta: db_table = "luffy_course_category" # 修改表名 verbose_name = "分類" verbose_name_plural = verbose_name def __str__(self): return "%s" % self.name class Course(BaseModel): """課程表""" course_type = ( (0, '付費'), (1, 'VIP專享'), (2, '學位課程') ) level_choices = ( (0, '初級'), (1, '中級'), (2, '高階'), ) status_choices = ( (0, '上線'), (1, '下線'), (2, '預上線'), ) # 原始欄位 name = models.CharField(max_length=128, verbose_name="課程名稱") course_img = models.ImageField(upload_to="courses", max_length=255, verbose_name="封面圖片", blank=True, null=True) course_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=course_type, default=0, verbose_name="付費型別") # 使用這個欄位的原因 brief = models.TextField(max_length=2048, verbose_name="詳情介紹", null=True, blank=True) level = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=level_choices, default=0, verbose_name="難度等級") pub_date = models.DateField(verbose_name="釋出日期", auto_now_add=True) period = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="建議學習週期(day)", default=7) attachment_path = models.FileField(upload_to="attachment", max_length=128, verbose_name="課件路徑", blank=True, null=True) status = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=status_choices, default=0, verbose_name="課程狀態") price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="課程原價", default=0) # 優化欄位 students = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="學習人數", default=0) sections = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="總課時數量", default=0) pub_sections = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="課時更新數量", default=0) # 關聯欄位 teacher = models.ForeignKey("Teacher", on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="授課老師") course_category = models.ForeignKey("CourseCategory", on_delete=models.SET_NULL, db_constraint=False, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="課程分類") class Meta: db_table = "luffy_course" verbose_name = "課程" verbose_name_plural = "課程" def __str__(self): return "%s" % self.name @property def course_type_name(self): """課程型別""" return self.get_course_type_display() @property def level_name(self): """課程級別""" return self.get_level_display() @property def status_name(self): """課程狀態""" return self.get_status_display() @property def section_list(self): """ section_info: the list of sections one course has many chapters one chapter has many sections """ section_info = [] # 根據課程來查詢章節（一對多），反向查詢 # 根據章節取出所有的課時，反向查詢 chapter_list = [chapter.coursesections.all() for chapter in self.coursechapters.all()] section_lst = list(chain.from_iterable(chapter_list)) # 將二維列表變成一維列表 attrs = ['name', 'section_link', 'duration', 'free_trail'] for section in section_lst: section_info.append( {attr: getattr(section, attr, None) for attr in attrs} ) return section_info[:4] class Teacher(BaseModel): """ 導師表 跟課程一對多，關聯欄位寫在課程中 """ role_choices = ( (0, '講師'), (1, '導師'), (2, '班主任'), ) name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name="導師名") role = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=role_choices, default=0, verbose_name="導師身份") title = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name="職位、職稱") signature = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name="導師簽名", help_text="導師簽名", blank=True, null=True) image = models.ImageField(upload_to="teacher", null=True, verbose_name="導師封面") brief = models.TextField(max_length=1024, verbose_name="導師描述") class Meta: db_table = "luffy_teacher" verbose_name = "導師" verbose_name_plural = verbose_name def __str__(self): return "%s" % self.name @property def role_name(self): """老師身份""" return self.get_role_display() class CourseChapter(BaseModel): """ 章節表 章節跟課程一對多關係 (課程有多個章節) """ course = models.ForeignKey("Course", related_name='coursechapters', on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name="課程名稱") chapter = models.SmallIntegerField(verbose_name="第幾章", default=1) name = models.CharField(max_length=128, verbose_name="章節標題") summary = models.TextField(verbose_name="章節介紹", blank=True, null=True) pub_date = models.DateField(verbose_name="釋出日期", auto_now_add=True) class Meta: db_table = "luffy_course_chapter" verbose_name = "章節" verbose_name_plural = verbose_name def __str__(self): return "%s:(第%s章)%s" % (self.course, self.chapter, self.name) class CourseSection(BaseModel): """ 課時表 課時和章節是一對多的關係，關聯欄位在多的一方，課時 """ section_type_choices = ( (0, '文件'), (1, '練習'), (2, '視訊') ) chapter = models.ForeignKey("CourseChapter", related_name='coursesections', on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name="課程章節") name = models.CharField(max_length=128, verbose_name="課時標題") orders = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(verbose_name="課時排序") section_type = models.SmallIntegerField(default=2, choices=section_type_choices, verbose_name="課時種類") section_link = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="課時連結", help_text="若是video，填vid,若是文件，填link") duration = models.CharField(verbose_name="視訊時長", blank=True, null=True, max_length=32) # 僅在前端展示使用 pub_date = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="釋出時間", auto_now_add=True) free_trail = models.BooleanField(verbose_name="是否可試看", default=False) class Meta: db_table = "luffy_course_Section" verbose_name = "課時" verbose_name_plural = verbose_name def __str__(self): return "%s-%s" % (self.chapter, self.name)
xadmin介面
資料的錄入
老師表
INSERT INTO luffy_teacher(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, role, title, signature, image, brief) VALUES (1, 1, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:44:19.661327', '2019-07-14 13:46:54.246271', 'Alex', 1, '老男孩Python教學總監', '金角大王', 'teacher/alex_icon.png', '老男孩教育CTO & CO-FOUNDER 國內知名PYTHON語言推廣者 51CTO學院2016\2017年度最受學員喜愛10大講師之一 多款開源軟體作者 曾任職公安部、飛信、中金公司、NOKIA中國研究院、華爾街英語、ADVENT、汽車之家等公司'); INSERT INTO luffy_teacher(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, role, title, signature, image, brief) VALUES (2, 2, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:45:25.092902', '2019-07-14 13:45:25.092936', 'Mjj', 0, '前美團前端專案組架構師', NULL, 'teacher/mjj_icon.png', '是馬JJ老師, 一個集美貌與才華於一身的男人，搞過幾年IOS，又轉了前端開發幾年，曾就職於美團網任高階前端開發，後來因為不同意王興(美團老闆)的戰略佈局而出家做老師去了，有豐富的教學經驗，開起車來也毫不含糊。一直專注在前端的前沿技術領域。同時，愛好抽菸、喝酒、燙頭(錫紙燙)。 我的最愛是前端，因為前端妹子多。'); INSERT INTO luffy_teacher(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, role, title, signature, image, brief) VALUES (3, 3, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:46:21.997846', '2019-07-14 13:46:21.997880', 'Lyy', 0, '老男孩Linux學科帶頭人', NULL, 'teacher/lyy_icon.png', 'Linux運維技術專家，老男孩Linux金牌講師，講課風趣幽默、深入淺出、聲音洪亮到爆炸');
分類表
INSERT INTO luffy_course_category(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name) VALUES (1, 1, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:40:58.690413', '2019-07-14 13:40:58.690477', 'Python');
INSERT INTO luffy_course_category(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name) VALUES (2, 2, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:41:08.249735', '2019-07-14 13:41:08.249817', 'Linux');
課程表
INSERT INTO luffy_course(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, course_img, course_type, brief, level, pub_date, period, attachment_path, status, students, sections, pub_sections, price, course_category_id, teacher_id) VALUES (1, 1, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:54:33.095201', '2019-07-14 13:54:33.095238', 'Python開發21天入門', 'courses/alex_python.png', 0, 'Python從入門到入土&&&Python從入門到入土&&&Python從入門到入土&&&Python從入門到入土&&&Python從入門到入土&&&Python從入門到入土&&&Python從入門到入土&&&Python從入門到入土&&&Python從入門到入土&&&Python從入門到入土&&&Python從入門到入土&&&Python從入門到入土', 0, '2019-07-14', 21, '', 0, 231, 120, 120, 0.00, 1, 1);
INSERT INTO luffy_course(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, course_img, course_type, brief, level, pub_date, period, attachment_path, status, students, sections, pub_sections, price, course_category_id, teacher_id) VALUES (2, 2, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:56:05.051103', '2019-07-14 13:56:05.051142', 'Python專案實戰', 'courses/mjj_python.png', 0, '', 1, '2019-07-14', 30, '', 0, 340, 120, 120, 99.00, 1, 2);
INSERT INTO luffy_course(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, course_img, course_type, brief, level, pub_date, period, attachment_path, status, students, sections, pub_sections, price, course_category_id, teacher_id) VALUES (3, 3, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:57:21.190053', '2019-07-14 13:57:21.190095', 'Linux系統基礎5周入門精講', 'courses/lyy_linux.png', 0, '', 0, '2019-07-14', 25, '', 0, 219, 100, 100, 39.00, 2, 3);
章節表
INSERT INTO luffy_course_chapter(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, chapter, name, summary, pub_date, course_id) VALUES (1, 1, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:58:34.867005', '2019-07-14 14:00:58.276541', 1, '計算機原理', '', '2019-07-14', 1);
INSERT INTO luffy_course_chapter(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, chapter, name, summary, pub_date, course_id) VALUES (2, 2, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:58:48.051543', '2019-07-14 14:01:22.024206', 2, '環境搭建', '', '2019-07-14', 1);
INSERT INTO luffy_course_chapter(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, chapter, name, summary, pub_date, course_id) VALUES (3, 3, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:59:09.878183', '2019-07-14 14:01:40.048608', 1, '專案建立', '', '2019-07-14', 2);
INSERT INTO luffy_course_chapter(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, chapter, name, summary, pub_date, course_id) VALUES (4, 4, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:59:37.448626', '2019-07-14 14:01:58.709652', 1, 'Linux環境建立', '', '2019-07-14', 3);
課時表
INSERT INTO luffy_course_Section(id, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, orders, section_type, section_link, duration, pub_date, free_trail, chapter_id) VALUES (1, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 14:02:33.779098', '2019-07-14 14:02:33.779135', '計算機原理上', 1, 2, NULL, NULL, '2019-07-14 14:02:33.779193', 1, 1);
INSERT INTO luffy_course_Section(id, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, orders, section_type, section_link, duration, pub_date, free_trail, chapter_id) VALUES (2, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 14:02:56.657134', '2019-07-14 14:02:56.657173', '計算機原理下', 2, 2, NULL, NULL, '2019-07-14 14:02:56.657227', 1, 1);
INSERT INTO luffy_course_Section(id, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, orders, section_type, section_link, duration, pub_date, free_trail, chapter_id) VALUES (3, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 14:03:20.493324', '2019-07-14 14:03:52.329394', '環境搭建上', 1, 2, NULL, NULL, '2019-07-14 14:03:20.493420', 0, 2);
INSERT INTO luffy_course_Section(id, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, orders, section_type, section_link, duration, pub_date, free_trail, chapter_id) VALUES (4, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 14:03:36.472742', '2019-07-14 14:03:36.472779', '環境搭建下', 2, 2, NULL, NULL, '2019-07-14 14:03:36.472831', 0, 2);
INSERT INTO luffy_course_Section(id, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, orders, section_type, section_link, duration, pub_date, free_trail, chapter_id) VALUES (5, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 14:04:19.338153', '2019-07-14 14:04:19.338192', 'web專案的建立', 1, 2, NULL, NULL, '2019-07-14 14:04:19.338252', 1, 3);
INSERT INTO luffy_course_Section(id, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, orders, section_type, section_link, duration, pub_date, free_trail, chapter_id) VALUES (6, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 14:04:52.895855', '2019-07-14 14:04:52.895890', 'Linux的環境搭建', 1, 2, NULL, NULL, '2019-07-14 14:04:52.895942', 1, 4);