Linux搭建Samba服務（匿名訪問）
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-08-01
【RHEL8】—SMBserver；【RHEL7】—SMBclient
！！！測試環境我們首關閉防火牆和selinux（SMBserver和SMBclient都需要）
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld [root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config [root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
關於Samba配置檔案的說明，訪問：https://www.cnblogs.com/520qiangge/p/13413414.html
一、Samba服務端配置
1、首先檢視服務端IP
[root@SMBserver ~]# ifconfig
ens160: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.174.128 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.174.255
inet6 fe80::fa13:32e0:3b9f:2196 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:cd:6a:1b txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 2779 bytes 211310 (206.3 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1090 bytes 110886 (108.2 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 60 bytes 5208 (5.0 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 60 bytes 5208 (5.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
2、SMBserver安裝Samba服務，並設定開機自啟
[root@SMBserver ~]# yum install -y samba [root@SMBserver ~]# rpm -qa samba samba-4.10.4-1.el8.x86_64 [root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl start smb [root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl start nmb [root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl enable smb Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smb.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service. [root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl enable nmb Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nmb.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/nmb.service.
3、檢視埠是否監聽
[root@SMBserver ~]# netstat -tunlp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1083/sshd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:445 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24412/smbd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:139 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24412/smbd tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1083/sshd tcp6 0 0 :::445 :::* LISTEN 24412/smbd tcp6 0 0 :::139 :::* LISTEN 24412/smbd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 1588/dhclient udp 0 0 192.168.174.255:137 0.0.0.0:* 24420/nmbd udp 0 0 192.168.174.128:137 0.0.0.0:* 24420/nmbd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:137 0.0.0.0:* 24420/nmbd udp 0 0 192.168.174.255:138 0.0.0.0:* 24420/nmbd udp 0 0 192.168.174.128:138 0.0.0.0:* 24420/nmbd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:138 0.0.0.0:* 24420/nmbd
4、建立共享資源目錄，並給予完全共享的（給全部的許可權）
[root@SMBserver ~]# mkdir -p /sambadir/share [root@SMBserver ~]# chmod 777 /sambadir/share/ [root@SMBserver ~]# ll /sambadir/ 總用量 0 drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 6 8月 1 10:33 share
5、編輯配置檔案
[root@SMBserver ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf [root@SMBserver ~]# cat /etc/samba/smb.conf [global] workgroup = WORKGROUP //這裡換成WODGROUP security = user //這裡不換成share，就用user，後面照樣不用輸入密碼 passdb backend = tdbsam printing = cups printcap name = cups load printers = yes cups options = raw map to guest = bad user //匿名使用者最主要就是新增這行，可以實現匿名訪問 [homes] comment = Home Directories valid users = %S, %D%w%S browseable = No read only = No inherit acls = Yes [printers] comment = All Printers path = /var/tmp printable = Yes create mask = 0600 browseable = No [print$] comment = Printer Drivers path = /var/lib/samba/drivers write list = @printadmin root force group = @printadmin create mask = 0664 directory mask = 0775 [share] //自己建立的共享檔名，也可以不一樣 comment = my first samba-file //訪問提示資訊 path = /sambadir/share //檔案路徑 browseable = yes //是否可以瀏覽（是否瀏覽許可權（yes為可見共享，no為隱藏共享）） public = yes //是否公開（指明該共享資源是否能給遊客帳號訪問） writable = yes //是否可以寫入檔案（是否有寫許可權）
6、測試smb.conf檔案語法是否錯誤
[root@SMBserver ~]# testparm Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf Loaded services file OK. Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE Press enter to see a dump of your service definitions //這裡提示這樣的資訊，叫你回車就會顯示剛剛寫的配置檔案的內容，就代表沒有語法錯誤，我就沒回車了，節省時間
7、重啟smb，nmb服務
[root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl restart smb [root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl restart nmb [root@SMBserver ~]# netstat -tunlp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1083/sshd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:445 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24631/smbd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:139 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24631/smbd tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1083/sshd tcp6 0 0 :::445 :::* LISTEN 24631/smbd tcp6 0 0 :::139 :::* LISTEN 24631/smbd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 1588/dhclient udp 0 0 192.168.174.255:137 0.0.0.0:* 24642/nmbd udp 0 0 192.168.174.128:137 0.0.0.0:* 24642/nmbd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:137 0.0.0.0:* 24642/nmbd udp 0 0 192.168.174.255:138 0.0.0.0:* 24642/nmbd udp 0 0 192.168.174.128:138 0.0.0.0:* 24642/nmbd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:138 0.0.0.0:* 24642/nmbd
到這裡匿名訪問的服務端就配置完成
二、Samba客戶端配置
1、SMBclient檢視是否有安裝samba-client，cifs-utils軟體包
[root@smbclient ~]# yum info samba-client cifs-utils
已載入外掛：product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
可安裝的軟體包
名稱 ：cifs-utils
架構 ：x86_64
版本 ：6.2
釋出 ：10.el7
大小 ：85 k
源 ：dvd
簡介 ： Utilities for mounting and managing CIFS mounts
網址 ：http://linux-cifs.samba.org/cifs-utils/
協議 ： GPLv3
描述 ： The SMB/CIFS protocol is a standard file sharing protocol widely deployed
: on Microsoft Windows machines. This package contains tools for mounting
: shares on Linux using the SMB/CIFS protocol. The tools in this package
: work in conjunction with support in the kernel to allow one to mount a
: SMB/CIFS share onto a client and use it as if it were a standard Linux
: file system.
名稱 ：samba-client
架構 ：x86_64
版本 ：4.6.2
釋出 ：8.el7
大小 ：597 k
源 ：dvd
簡介 ： Samba client programs
網址 ：http://www.samba.org/
協議 ： GPLv3+ and LGPLv3+
描述 ： The samba-client package provides some SMB/CIFS clients to complement
: the built-in SMB/CIFS filesystem in Linux. These clients allow access
: of SMB/CIFS shares and printing to SMB/CIFS printers.
2、安裝samba-client，cifs-utils軟體包
[root@smbclient ~]# yum install -y samba-client cifs-utils [root@smbclient ~]# rpm -qa samba-client cifs-utils cifs-utils-6.2-10.el7.x86_64 samba-client-4.6.2-8.el7.x86_64
3、客戶端檢視samba伺服器有哪些共享資源
[root@smbclient ~]# smbclient -L 192.168.174.128 Enter SAMBA\root's password: //直接回車，不用輸任何東西 OS=[Windows 6.1] Server=[Samba 4.10.4] Sharename Type Comment --------- ---- ------- print$ Disk Printer Drivers share Disk my first samba-file IPC$ IPC IPC Service (Samba 4.10.4) OS=[Windows 6.1] Server=[Samba 4.10.4] Server Comment --------- ------- Workgroup Master --------- ------- WORKGROUP SMBSERVER
4、客戶端建立掛載目錄
[root@smbclient ~]# mkdir /smbdir
5、客戶端掛載服務端共享的資源
[root@smbclient ~]# mount.cifs -rw //192.168.174.128/share /smbdir/ Password for root@//192.168.174.128/share: //這裡也是直接回車就行，不用輸任何東西 [root@smbclient ~]#
6、檢視是否掛載成功
[root@smbclient ~]# df -h 檔案系統 容量 已用 可用 已用% 掛載點 /dev/mapper/rhel-root 50G 1.1G 49G 3% / devtmpfs 901M 0 901M 0% /dev tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 912M 8.7M 904M 1% /run tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sr0 3.8G 3.8G 0 100% /mnt /dev/mapper/rhel-home 27G 33M 27G 1% /home /dev/sda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/0 //192.168.174.128/share 50G 2.0G 49G 4% /smbdir //最後一行說明掛載成功
三、測試
1、首先在客戶端建立兩個檔案，然後在服務端檢視
//SMBclient
[root@smbclient ~]# cd /smbdir/
[root@smbclient smbdir]# ls
[root@smbclient smbdir]# touch {file1,file2}
[root@smbclient smbdir]# ls
file1 file2
[root@smbclient smbdir]#
//SMBserver
[root@SMBserver ~]# cd /sambadir/share/
[root@SMBserver share]# ls
file1 file2
[root@SMBserver share]#
2、在windows的資源管理器上訪問