Centos8安裝MySQL5.7
在Centos8上用原來Centos7上安裝MySQL5.7的方法會安裝失敗，顯示mysql-community-server安裝錯誤。我們用新的方法在Centos8上安裝MySQL5.7
安裝MySQL
\1. 新增MySQL儲存庫
禁用MySQL預設的AppStream儲存庫：
sudo dnf remove @mysql
sudo dnf module reset mysql && sudo dnf module disable mysql
centos8沒有MySQL儲存庫，因此我們將使用centos 7儲存庫。建立一個新的儲存庫檔案。
sudo vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
將以下資料插入上面的儲存庫中
[mysql57-community] name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 [mysql-connectors-community] name=MySQL Connectors Community baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 [mysql-tools-community] name=MySQL Tools Community baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=0
\2. 安裝MySQL(這裡我選擇MySQL5.7)
sudo dnf --enablerepo=mysql57-community install mysql-community-server
\3. 如果安裝失敗,使用以下方法進行安裝
先下載rpm包
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
再安裝
yum install -y mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
yum install -y mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
yum install -y mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
yum install -y mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
\4. 下載完成後檢查版本
[root@test ~]# rpm -qi mysql-community-server
Name : mysql-community-server
Version : 5.7.29
Release : 1.el7
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Sat 22 Feb 2020 11:04:07 AM CST
Group : Applications/Databases
Size : 801919839
License : Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Under GPLv2 license as shown in the Description field.
Signature : DSA/SHA1, Thu 19 Dec 2019 04:12:40 PM CST, Key ID 8c718d3b5072e1f5
Source RPM : mysql-community-5.7.29-1.el7.src.rpm
Build Date : Wed 18 Dec 2019 09:31:48 PM CST
Build Host : loki02.no.oracle.com
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager : MySQL Release Engineering <[email protected]>
Vendor : Oracle and/or its affiliates
URL : http://www.mysql.com/
Summary : A very fast and reliable SQL database server
出現以上資訊說明安裝成功
\5. 檢查 mysql 源是否安裝成功
yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
出現以下資訊說明安裝成功：
mysql-connectors-community MySQL Connectors Community 141
mysql-tools-community MySQL Tools Community 105
mysql57-community MySQL 5.7 Community Server
\6. 啟動MySQL
systemctl start mysqld
複製程式碼
\7. 檢視啟動狀態
systemctl status mysqld
出現以下資訊，則啟動成功
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Sat 2020-02-22 11:14:47 CST; 2h 19min ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 21345 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 21323 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 21349 (mysqld)
Tasks: 30 (limit: 11516)
Memory: 209.1M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
?..21349 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
\8. 設定開機啟動
systemctl enable mysqld
\9. 重新整理所有修改過的配置檔案
systemctl daemon-reload
\10. 獲取安裝mysql後生成的臨時密碼，用於登入
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
# 如果出現如下列資訊，密碼為: BL=azx(1u;Br
2020-02-22T03:05:17.741049Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: BL=azx(1u;Br
\11. 登入MySQL
mysql -uroot -p
# 再輸入上面查詢得到的臨時密碼即可進入mysql
\12. 修改登入密碼
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!（修改後的密碼，注意必須包含大小寫字母數字以及特殊字元並且長度不能少於8位,否則會報錯）';
或者通過：mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('MyNewPass4!');
或者通過：mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD('MyNewPass5!') where user='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
\13. 新增遠端登入使用者(即本機訪問伺服器上的MySQL)
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'zhangsan（使用者名稱）'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Zhangsan2018!（密碼）' WITH GRANT OPTION;
# 或者直接將root許可權修改為可以通過遠端訪問(但不推薦)
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> UPDATE user SET Host='%' WHERE User='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
\14. 設定預設編碼為utf-8（mysql安裝後預設不支援中文）
vim /etc/my.cnf
# 進入檔案後新增下面的配置即可
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
\15. 重啟MySQL服務並進入MySQL
shell> systemctl restart mysqld
shell> mysql -uroot -p
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
出現如下則說明編碼修改完成
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
退出MySQL
mysql> quit
使用本機電腦navicat/sqlyog等一系列客戶端工具連線伺服器上的mysql，使用者名稱和密碼為遠端使用者的使用者名稱和密碼，如果是將root許可權修改為可以遠端訪問，就用root訪問。