python模組:XML
阿新 • • 發佈:2020-08-02
一、XML
xml是實現不同語言或程式之間進行資料交換的協議,跟json差不多,但json使用起來更簡單,不過,古時候,在json還沒誕生的年代,大家只能選擇用xml,至今很多傳統公司如金融行業的很多系統的介面還主要是xml。
XML是通過<>節點來區別資料結構的
xml協議在各個語言裡的都 是支援的,在python中可以用以下模組操作xml:
# print(root.iter('year')) #全文搜尋 # print(root.find('country')) #在root的子節點找,只找一個 # print(root.findall('country')) #在root的子節點找,找所有
二、XML資料的增刪改查
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml") root = tree.getroot() print(root.tag) #遍歷xml文件 for child in root: print('========>',child.tag,child.attrib,child.attrib['name']) for i in child: print(i.tag,i.attrib,i.text) #只遍歷year 節點 for node inroot.iter('year'): print(node.tag,node.text) #--------------------------------------- import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml") root = tree.getroot() #修改 for node in root.iter('year'): new_year=int(node.text)+1 node.text=str(new_year) node.set('updated','yes') node.set('version','1.0') tree.write('test.xml') #刪除node for country in root.findall('country'): rank = int(country.find('rank').text) if rank > 50: root.remove(country) tree.write('output.xml')
#在country內新增(append)節點year2 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET tree = ET.parse("a.xml") root=tree.getroot() for country in root.findall('country'): for year in country.findall('year'): if int(year.text) > 2000: year2=ET.Element('year2') year2.text='新年' year2.attrib={'update':'yes'} country.append(year2) #往country節點下新增子節點 tree.write('a.xml.swap')
三、自己新建一個XML文件
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET new_xml = ET.Element("namelist") name = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"}) age = ET.SubElement(name,"age",attrib={"checked":"no"}) sex = ET.SubElement(name,"sex") sex.text = '33' name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"no"}) age = ET.SubElement(name2,"age") age.text = '19' et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml) #生成文件物件 et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True) ET.dump(new_xml) #列印生成的格式