1 docker search mariadb 搜尋mariadb映象（非必須）

2 docker pull mariadb 下載docker映象

3 docker images 檢視本地已有的所有映象

4 mkdir -p /data/mariadb/data 建一個目錄作為和容器的對映目錄

5 docker run --name mariadb -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=輸入資料庫root使用者的密碼 -v /data/mariadb/data:/var/lib/mysql -d mariadb

　　--name啟動容器設定容器名稱為mariadb

　　-p設定容器的3306埠對映到主機3306埠

　　-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD設定環境變數資料庫root使用者密碼為輸入資料庫root使用者的密碼

　　-v設定容器目錄/var/lib/mysql對映到本地目錄/data/mariadb/data

　　-d後臺執行容器mariadb並返回容器id

6 docker ps -a 檢視容器是否執行

7 docker container update --restart=always 容器id 修改容器為自啟動

8 進入容器docker exec -it 容器Id bash

9 在容器內登入資料庫 mysql -uroot -proot密碼

10 修改遠端登入j及密碼

1、設定遠端登入：

MariaDB [(none)]
 
> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "root";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
2、修改使用者密碼，以root為例

知道root密碼，需要修改
方法a. 登入資料庫來修改
# mysql -uroot -p /*輸入密碼進入*/  
/*第一個方式：直接編輯資料庫欄位*/  
MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;  
MariaDB [mysql]
 
> UPDATE user SET password=password('newpassword') WHERE user='root';  
MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;  
MariaDB [mysql]> exit  
/*第二個方式：修改密碼，不用進入mysql*/  
MariaDB [(none)]> SET password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('newpassword');  
MariaDB [(none)]> exit;  

忘記密碼：
# systemctl stop mariadb /*先停掉當前的mysql程序，不然執行下一步說程序已經存在*/  
# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables & /*後臺直接這個mysql，介面中還會出現日誌，直接ctrl+c進入命令列輸入*/   
# ps -ef | grep mariadb /*看程序，會突出顯示--skip-grant-tables*/  
  mysql     3607  3368  0 18:05 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql   
  --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log   
  --pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock  
# mysql /*直接進入mysql，不需要密碼等，執行第一步中方法a裡兩種方式中任何一種即可*/  
MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;  
MariaDB [mysql]> UPDATE user SET password=password('newpassword') WHERE user='root';  
MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;   
MariaDB [mysql]> exit; /*這個時候用引數--skip-grant-tables啟動的mysql已經會要求輸入密碼才能進入了*/  
# pkill mysql /*用pkill來殺,kill不死，kill之後自動起來一個*/  
# systemctl start mariadb /*啟動正常的mysql*/

MariaDB [(none)]> select host,user,authentication_string from user;
ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected
MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MariaDB [mysql]> select host,user,authentication_string from user;
+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Host      | User        | authentication_string                     |
+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | mariadb.sys |                                           |
| localhost | root        | *02414E122D89A54B387E212E9BE95AA96D9DA3B9 |
| %         | root        | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'xueqing@2020';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.002 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> select host,user,authentication_string from user;
+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Host      | User        | authentication_string                     |
+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | mariadb.sys |                                           |
| localhost | root        | *02414E122D89A54B387E212E9BE95AA96D9DA3B9 |
| %         | root        | *02414E122D89A54B387E212E9BE95AA96D9DA3B9 |
+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.001 sec)