scrapy爬取網站案例

爬取抽屜網資料，存到Redis和MySQL中，實現持久化

Mysql實現

# settings.py
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   'firstscrapy.pipelines.DrawerMysqlPipeline': 305,
}

# pipelines.py
class DrawerMysqlPipeline:

    def __init__(self):
        """
        初始化方法
        host=None, user=None, password="",
                 database=None, port=0, unix_socket=None,
                 charset='',
        """
        self.conn = pymysql.connect(
            host='127.0.0.1',
            port=3306,
            user='root',
            password='123456',
            database='drawer',
            charset='utf8'
        )
        self.cursor = self.conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)

    def open_spider(self,spider):
        pass

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        sql = 'insert into drawer (title,url,img_url)values (%s,%s,%s)'  # sql語句
        self.cursor.execute(sql,[item['title'],item['url'],item['img_url']])  # 執行sql
        self.conn.commit()  # 提交命令，修改資料庫
        return item

    def close_spider(self,spider):
        self.cursor.close()
        self.conn.close()
 

Redis實現

from redis import Redis
import json
class DrawerRedisPipeline:
    def __init__(self):
        self.conn = None

    def open_spider(self,spider):
        self.conn = Redis(host='127.0.0.1',port=6379)

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        self.conn.lpush('drawer_news',json.dumps(dict(item)))
        return item

    def close_spider(self,spider):
        pass
 

爬取cnblogs文章，把標題和連線地址打印出來

import scrapy

class CnblogsSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'cnblogs'
    allowed_domains = ['www.cnblogs.com']
    start_urls = ['https://www.cnblogs.com/']

    def parse(self, response, **kwargs):
        article_list = response.xpath('//article[@class="post-item"]')
        article_info = []
        for article in article_list:
            article_info.append(
                {
                    'author':article.xpath('.//a[@class="post-item-author"]/span/text()').extract_first(),
                    'title':article.xpath('.//a[@class="post-item-title"]/text()').extract_first(),
                    'link':article.xpath('.//a[@class="post-item-title"]/@href').extract_first(),
                    'delivery_time':article.xpath('.//span[@class="post-meta-item"]/span/text()').extract_first()
                }
            )
        for art in article_info:
            print(art)
        print(len(article_info))
 

資料持久化

儲存到MySQL資料庫中

# items.py
class ArticleItem(scrapy.Item):
    author = scrapy.Field()
    title = scrapy.Field()
    link = scrapy.Field()
    delivery_time = scrapy.Field()
    content = scrapy.Field()
    
# cnblogs.py
import scrapy
from scrapy.http.request import Request
from firstscrapy.items import ArticleItem


# spider.py
import scrapy
from scrapy.http.request import Request
from firstscrapy.items import ArticleItem


class CnblogsSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'cnblogs'
    allowed_domains = ['www.cnblogs.com']
    start_urls = ['https://www.cnblogs.com/']
    page_num = 1
    items = []

    def content_parse(self, response, **kwargs):
        item = response.meta.get('item')
        content = response.css('#cnblogs_post_body').extract_first()
        item['content'] = str(content)
        return item

    def parse(self, response, **kwargs):
        article_list = response.xpath('//article[@class="post-item"]')
        for article in article_list:
            item = ArticleItem()
            item['author'] = article.xpath('.//a[@class="post-item-author"]/span/text()').extract_first()
            item['title'] = article.xpath('.//a[@class="post-item-title"]/text()').extract_first()
            item['link'] = article.xpath('.//a[@class="post-item-title"]/@href').extract_first()
            item['delivery_time'] = article.xpath('.//span[@class="post-meta-item"]/span/text()').extract_first()
            self.items.append(item)
        if self.page_num < 20:
            self.page_num += 1
            next_url = f'https://www.cnblogs.com/sitehome/p/{self.page_num}'
            yield Request(url=next_url, callback=self.parse)
        for item in self.items:
            yield Request(item['link'], meta={'item': item}, callback=self.content_parse)

自定給抽屜點贊

執行方案：

<1>先用 selenium獲取使用者登入的cookie

<2>再通過requests物件自動點贊

from selenium import webdriver
import time
import json


# 載入驅動
bro = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='./chromedriver.exe')
# 隱式等待10s
bro.implicitly_wait(10)
bro.get("https://dig.chouti.com/")  # 瀏覽器開啟抽屜
# 找到頁面上的登入按鈕
login_btn = bro.find_element_by_id("login_btn")
login_btn.click()
username = bro.find_element_by_name("phone")
password = bro.find_element_by_name("password")
username.send_keys("18395806407")
time.sleep(1)
password.send_keys("wang931219peng")
time.sleep(1)
button = bro.find_element_by_css_selector("button.login-btn")
button.click()
time.sleep(10)

cookie_list = bro.get_cookies()
print(cookie_list)

cookie = {}
for item in cookie_list:
    cookie[item['name']] = item['value']

with open('cookie.txt',mode='w',encoding='utf-8') as fw:
    fw.write(json.dumps(cookie))   # 存到檔案中，也可以存到mysql或者Redis中

import requests
import json

with open('cookie.txt', mode='r', encoding='utf-8') as fr:
    cookie = json.loads(fr.read())
headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.163 Safari/537.36',
    'Referer': 'https://dig.chouti.com/'
}

res = requests.get("https://dig.chouti.com/top/24hr?_=1596712494547", headers=headers)

id_list = []
for item in res.json()['data']:
    id_list.append(item['id'])  # 新增id號

for id in id_list:
    ret = requests.post('https://dig.chouti.com/link/vote', headers=headers, cookies=cookie, data={'linkId': id})
    print(ret.text)

 ret = requests.post(
        "https://dig.chouti.com/comments/create",
        headers=headers,
        cookies=cookie,
        data={
            'content':'信春哥，得永生',
            'linkId': id,
            'parentId': 0
        }
    )
    time.sleep(5)