mongodb 4.0副本集搭建的全過程
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-08-14
前言
近期有同學問mongodb副本集難不難部署，我的回答是不難，很快，幾分鐘搞定，比mysql MHA簡單的不止一點半點。 那麼到底如何部署呢？請看下文。
1. 準備工作
1.1 下載軟體
選擇版本並下載mongodb的軟體，注意作業系統版本等。本次我選用的是percona分支的mongodb 4.2.8版本搭建，作業系統為centos6
cd /usr/local/ wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-server-mongodb-LATEST/percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8/binary/tarball/percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8-centos6-x86_64.tar.gz tar -zxvf percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8-centos6-x86_64.tar.gz ln -s percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8 mongodb
1.2 規劃各節點角色
各節點角色如下
| IP | port | role |
| 192.168.128.208 | 27017 | PRIMARY |
| 192.168.128.209 | 27017 | SECONDARY |
| 192.168.128.209 | 28017 | ARBITER |
2 部署
2.1 建立各節點相關目錄
建立資料目錄、日誌目錄等相關目錄
[root@m1 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mongodb/27017/{data,logs,tmp,etc,keyfile}
[root@m1 ~]# cd /data/mongodb/27017/
[root@m1 27017]# ll
總用量 20
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 data
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 keyfile
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 logs
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 tmp2.2 配置檔案
建立配置檔案，並新增對應的配置資訊，注意仲裁節點的埠
[root@m1 27017]# cd /data/mongodb/27017/etc/ [root@m1 etc]# vim mongod.conf 新增如下內容 storage: dbPath: /data/mongodb/27017/data journal: enabled: true systemLog: destination: file logAppend: true path: /data/mongodb/27017/logs/mongod.log processManagement: fork: true pidFilePath: /data/mongodb/27017/tmp/mongod.pid net: port: 27017 bindIp: 0.0.0.0replication: replSetName: "test1" # 副本集名稱
2.3 啟動各節點
以其中一個節點為例，其他節點修改對應配置檔案即可
[root@m1 local]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /data/mongodb/27017/etc/mongod.conf about to fork child process,waiting until server is ready for connections. forked process: 30019 child process started successfully,parent exiting
2.4 初始化副本集
初始化副本集，指定各節點id及角色，注意副本集的名稱和配置檔案裡一致。
在任意節點執行如下語句
> use admin
switched to db admin
> rs.initiate( {
... _id: "test1",... members: [
... { _id: 0,host: "192.168.128.208:27017" },... { _id: 1,host: "192.168.128.209:27017" },... { _id: 2,host: "192.168.128.209:28017",arbiterOnly:true }
... ] })
{
"ok" : 1,"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596792682,1),"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},"operationTime" : Timestamp(1596792682,1)
}
完成後可以檢視各叢集狀態,如下，可見當前192.168.128.208:27017 為PRIMARY節點
test1:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "test1","date" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:24.454Z"),"myState" : 1,"term" : NumberLong(1),"syncingTo" : "","syncSourceHost" : "","syncSourceId" : -1,"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),"majorityVoteCount" : 2,"writeMajorityCount" : 2,"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1596798563,"t" : NumberLong(1)
},"lastCommittedWallTime" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23.663Z"),"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1596798563,"readConcernMajorityWallTime" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23.663Z"),"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1596798563,"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1596798563,"lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23.663Z"),"lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23.663Z")
},"lastStableRecoveryTimestamp" : Timestamp(1596798513,"lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1596798513,"electionCandidateMetrics" : {
"lastElectionReason" : "electionTimeout","lastElectionDate" : ISODate("2020-08-07T09:31:33.409Z"),"electionTerm" : NumberLong(1),"lastCommittedOpTimeAtElection" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(0,0),"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},"lastSeenOpTimeAtElection" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1596792682,"numVotesNeeded" : 2,"priorityAtElection" : 1,"electionTimeoutMillis" : NumberLong(10000),"numCatchUpOps" : NumberLong(0),"newTermStartDate" : ISODate("2020-08-07T09:31:33.444Z"),"wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate" : ISODate("2020-08-07T09:31:34.050Z")
},"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,"name" : "192.168.128.208:27017","health" : 1,"state" : 1,"stateStr" : "PRIMARY","uptime" : 5950,"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1596798563,"t" : NumberLong(1)
},"optimeDate" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23Z"),"infoMessage" : "","electionTime" : Timestamp(1596792693,"electionDate" : ISODate("2020-08-07T09:31:33Z"),"configVersion" : 1,"self" : true,"lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
},{
"_id" : 1,"name" : "192.168.128.209:27017","state" : 2,"stateStr" : "SECONDARY","uptime" : 5882,"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1596798563,"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23Z"),"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:23.672Z"),"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:22.804Z"),"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "","syncingTo" : "192.168.128.208:27017","syncSourceHost" : "192.168.128.208:27017","syncSourceId" : 0,"configVersion" : 1
},{
"_id" : 2,"name" : "192.168.128.209:28017","state" : 7,"stateStr" : "ARBITER","lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2020-08-07T11:09:22.952Z"),"configVersion" : 1
}
],"ok" : 1,"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596798563,"operationTime" : Timestamp(1596798563,1)
}
test1:PRIMARY>
3 修改為認證模式
為考慮安全性等，需要開啟認證模式（需要通過使用者名稱/密碼方式登入）
3.1 建立使用者
建立超級管理員賬號
test1:PRIMARY> db.createUser({user: "root",pwd: "Root#123",roles: [{role: "root",db: "admin"}]})
Successfully added user: {
"user" : "root","roles" : [
{
"role" : "root","db" : "admin"
}
]
}
3.2 建立key檔案
在主庫上執行指令碼生成key檔案，然後將結拷貝到另外2個節點
[root@m1 mongodb]# cd /data/mongodb/27017/keyfile/ [root@m1 keyfile]# openssl rand -base64 756 > mongo.key [root@m1 keyfile]# chmod 600 mongo.key # 必須修改為600許可權，否則無法啟動
以上完成後，將檔案複製到另外2個節點
3.3 修改配置檔案
配置檔案中 新增如下內容，注意不同節點的檔案路徑
security: authorization: enabled clusterAuthMode: keyFile keyFile: /data/mongodb/27017/keyfile/mongo.key
3.4 重啟後並用認證模式登陸
# 關閉mongodb [root@m1 keyfile]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /data/mongodb/27017/etc/mongod.conf -shutdown killing process with pid: 30675 # 啟動mongodb [root@m1 keyfile]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /data/mongodb/27017/etc/mongod.conf about to fork child process,waiting until server is ready for connections. forked process: 2430 child process started successfully,parent exiting # 認證模式登陸 [root@m1 keyfile]# [root@m1 keyfile]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongo -u root -p 'Root#123' --authenticationDatabase admin
至此，mongodb 副本集搭建完畢，你會了嗎？
總結
到此這篇關於mongodb 4.0副本集搭建的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關mongodb4.0副本集搭建內容請搜尋我們以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以後多多支援我們！