微服務系列之ZooKeeper註冊中心03：zookeeper介紹與安裝
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-08-13
一、Zookeeper 介紹
Apache ZooKeeper 是一個開放原始碼的分散式應用程式協調元件，是 Hadoop 和 Hbase 的重要元件。它是一個為分散式應用提供一致性服務的軟體，提供的功能包括：配置維護、域名服務、分散式同步、組服務等。
在微服務專案開發中 ZooKeeper 主要的角色是當做服務註冊中心存在，我們將編寫好的服務註冊至 ZooKeeper 即可。
二、ZooKeeper 安裝
環境準備
ZooKeeper 在 Java 中執行，版本 1.8 或更高（JDK 8 LTS，JDK 11 LTS，JDK 12 - Java 9 和 10 不支援）
下載
ZooKeeper 下載地址：
- https://zookeeper.apache.org/releases.html#download
- https://archive.apache.org/dist/zookeeper/
安裝
將檔案上傳至 Linux 伺服器。
單機版
建立目錄/解壓
建立 zookeeper 目錄。
mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper
將檔案解壓至該目錄。
tar -zxvf apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/zookeeper/
建立資料目錄、日誌目錄。
mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/data
修改配置檔案
# 進入配置檔案目錄 cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/conf/ # ZooKeeper 啟動預設載入名為 zoo.cfg 的配置檔案，複製一份命名為 zoo.cfg cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg # 修改配置檔案 vi zoo.cfg
主要修改資料目錄dataDir、日誌目錄dataLogDir兩處即可，修改結果如下：
# The number of milliseconds of each tick tickTime=2000 # The number of ticks that the initial # synchronization phase can take initLimit=10 # The number of ticks that can pass between # sending a request and getting an acknowledgement syncLimit=5 # the directory where the snapshot is stored. # do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just # example sakes. dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/data dataLogDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/log # the port at which the clients will connect clientPort=2181 # the maximum number of client connections. # increase this if you need to handle more clients #maxClientCnxns=60 # # Be sure to read the maintenance section of the # administrator guide before turning on autopurge. # # http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance # # The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir #autopurge.snapRetainCount=3 # Purge task interval in hours # Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature #autopurge.purgeInterval=1 ## Metrics Providers # # https://prometheus.io Metrics Exporter #metricsProvider.className=org.apache.zookeeper.metrics.prometheus.PrometheusMetricsProvider #metricsProvider.httpPort=7000 #metricsProvider.exportJvmInfo=true
啟動/關閉
啟動。
cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/ bin/zkServer.sh start --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
關閉。
cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/ bin/zkServer.sh stop --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Stopping zookeeper ... STOPPED
叢集版
再準備兩臺機器，和剛才單機的機器加一起構成一個叢集環境（如果電腦跑不動就改為一臺機器跑三個程序的方式）。
建立目錄/解壓
建立 zookeeper 目錄。
mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper
將檔案解壓至該目錄。
tar -zxvf apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/zookeeper/
建立資料目錄、日誌目錄。
mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/data
mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/log
myid 檔案
在 data 目錄下建立 myid 檔案，檔案中就只寫個1即可，其他兩個機器分別寫2和3。
cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/data/
vi myid
修改配置檔案
# 進入配置檔案目錄 cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/conf/ # zookeeper 啟動預設載入名為 zoo.cfg 的配置檔案，所以複製一份命名為 zoo.cfg cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg # 修改配置檔案 vi zoo.cfg
主要修改：
- 資料目錄
dataDir - 日誌目錄
dataLogDir - 埠
clientPort（如果是一臺機器的偽叢集，需要修改 2181 埠，比如：2181、2182、2183） - 叢集配置（如果是一臺機器的偽叢集，需要修改 2888 和 3888 的埠，比如：2888、2889、2890 和 3888、3889、3890）
# The number of milliseconds of each tick tickTime=2000 # The number of ticks that the initial # synchronization phase can take initLimit=10 # The number of ticks that can pass between # sending a request and getting an acknowledgement syncLimit=5 # the directory where the snapshot is stored. # do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just # example sakes. dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/data dataLogDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/log # the port at which the clients will connect clientPort=2181 # the maximum number of client connections. # increase this if you need to handle more clients #maxClientCnxns=60 # # Be sure to read the maintenance section of the # administrator guide before turning on autopurge. # # http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance # # The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir #autopurge.snapRetainCount=3 # Purge task interval in hours # Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature #autopurge.purgeInterval=1 ## Metrics Providers # # https://prometheus.io Metrics Exporter #metricsProvider.className=org.apache.zookeeper.metrics.prometheus.PrometheusMetricsProvider #metricsProvider.httpPort=7000 #metricsProvider.exportJvmInfo=true # 叢集配置 # server.1 中的 1 是 myid 檔案中的內容，2888 用於叢集內部通訊，3888 用於選擇 leader server.1=192.168.10.101:2888:3888 server.2=192.168.10.102:2888:3888 server.3=192.168.10.103:2888:3888
啟動/關閉
啟動。
cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/ bin/zkServer.sh start ################################################################################# ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
關閉。
cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/ bin/zkServer.sh stop ################################################################################# ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Stopping zookeeper ... STOPPED
叢集狀態檢視
cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/ bin/zkServer.sh status ################################ 192.168.10.101 ################################ ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Mode: follower ################################ 192.168.10.102 ################################ ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Mode: leader ################################ 192.168.10.103 ################################ ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Mode: follower
看到以上資訊說明 ZooKeeper 叢集環境已搭建成功，接下來就可以通過 RPC 框架對接 ZooKeeper，將 ZooKeeper 作為我們的註冊中心來使用。點選獲取 java微服務架構、spring全家桶視訊教程。