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C++實現編碼轉換的示例程式碼

程式碼地址

https://github.com/gongluck/Code-snippet/tree/master/cpp/code%20conversion

需求

編碼轉換在實際開發中經常遇到,通常是ANSI、Unicode和Utf-8之間相互轉換。實現也有很多種,有查表法、使用C++11、使用boost、使用系統API。C++11和boost幾乎可以實現一套程式碼,在linux和windows都能使用,但實際會有很多坑,相當於程式碼幾乎不改,但是要改一下系統環境。所以有一種實現就是判斷系統的版本,然後選擇不同的系統api進行編碼轉換。

實現

目前只實現Windows下的編碼轉換,以後需要在linux下使用編碼轉換再做補充。windows下的編碼轉換基本圍繞unicode做處理。例如ANSI->UTF-8,就是先將ANSI->unicode,再將unicode->UTF-8。

// convert.h
/*
 * @Author: gongluck 
 * @Date: 2020-03-23 16:06:23 
 * @Last Modified by: gongluck
 * @Last Modified time: 2020-03-23 16:09:30
 */

// Character encoding conversion

#pragma once

#include <string>

namespace gconvert
{
// ANSI->Unicode
int ansi2uni(const std::string& ansi,std::wstring& uni);

// Unicode->ANSI
int uni2ansi(const std::wstring& uni,std::string& ansi);

// UTF8->Unicode
int utf82uni(const std::string& utf8,std::wstring& uni);

// Unicode->UTF8
int uni2utf8(const std::wstring& uni,std::string& utf8);

// ANSI->UTF8
int ansi2utf8(const std::string& ansi,std::string& utf8);

// UTF8->ANSI
int utf82ansi(const std::string& utf8,std::string& ansi);
} // namespace gconvert
//convert.cpp
/*
 * @Author: gongluck 
 * @Date: 2020-03-23 16:13:01 
 * @Last Modified by: gongluck
 * @Last Modified time: 2020-03-23 16:34:50
 */

#include "convert.h"

#include <iostream>

#ifdef _WIN32
#include <windows.h>
#endif

namespace gconvert
{
#ifdef _WIN32
  static int multi2uni(const std::string& multi,std::wstring& uni,UINT code)
  {
    auto len = MultiByteToWideChar(code,multi.c_str(),-1,nullptr,0);
    if (len <= 0)
    {
      std::cerr << __FILE__ << " : " << __LINE__ << " : " << GetLastError() << std::endl;
      return -1;
    }
    WCHAR* buf = new WCHAR[len];
    if (buf == nullptr)
    {
      std::cerr << __FILE__ << " : " << __LINE__ << " : " << "can not new buf,size : " << len << std::endl;
      return -2;
    }
    len = MultiByteToWideChar(code,buf,len);
    uni.assign(buf);
    delete[]buf;
    buf = nullptr;
    return len;
  }

  static int uni2multi(const std::wstring& uni,std::string& multi,UINT code)
  {
    auto len = WideCharToMultiByte(code,uni.c_str(),nullptr);
    if (len <= 0)
    {
      std::cerr << __FILE__ << " : " << __LINE__ << " : " << GetLastError() << std::endl;
      return -1;
    }
    CHAR* buf = new CHAR[len];
    if (buf == nullptr)
    {
      std::cerr << __FILE__ << " : " << __LINE__ << " : " << "can not new buf,size : " << len << std::endl;
      return -2;
    }
    len = WideCharToMultiByte(code,len,nullptr);
    multi.assign(buf);
    delete[]buf;
    buf = nullptr;
    return len;
  }
#endif

// ANSI->Unicode
int ansi2uni(const std::string& ansi,std::wstring& uni)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
  return multi2uni(ansi,uni,CP_ACP);
#endif
  return 0;
}

// Unicode->ANSI
int uni2ansi(const std::wstring &uni,std::string &ansi)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
  return uni2multi(uni,ansi,CP_ACP);
#endif
  return 0;
}

// UTF8->Unicode
int utf82uni(const std::string& utf8,std::wstring& uni)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
  return multi2uni(utf8,CP_UTF8);
#endif
  return 0;
}

// Unicode->UTF8
int uni2utf8(const std::wstring& uni,std::string& utf8)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
  return uni2multi(uni,utf8,CP_UTF8);
#endif
  return 0;
}

// ANSI->UTF8
int ansi2utf8(const std::string &ansi,std::string &utf8)
{
  std::wstring uni;
  auto len = ansi2uni(ansi,uni);
  if (len <= 0)
  {
    return -3;
  }
  return uni2utf8(uni,utf8);
}

// UTF8->ANSI
int utf82ansi(const std::string &utf8,std::string &ansi)
{
  std::wstring uni;
  auto len = utf82uni(utf8,uni);
  if (len <= 0)
  {
    return -3;
  }
  return uni2ansi(uni,ansi);
}
} // namespace gconvert
//testcode
#include <iostream>

#include "../code conversion/convert.h"

int main()
{
  std::string ansi = "你好,世界!";
  std::wstring uni;
  std::string utf8;
  ret = gconvert::ansi2uni(ansi,uni);
  ret = gconvert::ansi2utf8(ansi,utf8);
  ret = gconvert::uni2ansi(uni,ansi);
  ret = gconvert::uni2utf8(uni,utf8);
  ret = gconvert::utf82ansi(utf8,ansi);
  ret = gconvert::utf82uni(utf8,uni);
  return 0;
}

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