1. 環境準備

需求

1. 二進位制安裝mysql

2. 建立多例項

3. 多例項主從複製

4. 主從同步

   1. 二進位制安裝 Mysql

   1）安裝依賴

   yum install -y ncurses-devel libaio-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc cmake autoconf openssl openssl-devel

   2）解壓包

    tar xf mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
    
   

   3）建立自定義目錄

    mkdir /service

   4）移動目錄並做軟連線

   mv mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /service/
   ln -s /service/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /service/mysql

   5）建立使用者

    useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M

   6）拷貝配置檔案和啟動指令碼

   cd /service/mysql/support-files/
   cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
   cp: overwrite '/etc/my.cnf'? y  
   # 主庫配置檔案
   vim /etc/my.cnf
    
   [mysqld]
   basedir = /service/mysql
   datadir = /service/mysql/data
   port=mysql
   server_id=1
   skip_name_resolve
   log_err=/service/mysql/data/mysql.err
   log_bin=/service/mysql/data/mysql-bin
   ​
   cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

   7）初識化3306資料庫

    cd /service/mysql/scripts/
    ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/service/mysql --datadir=/service/mysql/data
    
   

   8）配置system管理mysql

    vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
   [Unit]
   Description=MySQL Server
   Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
   Documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
   After=network.target
   After=syslog.target
   [Install]
   WantedBy=multi-user.target
   [Service]
   User=mysql
   Group=mysql
   ExecStart=/service/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
   LimitNOFILE = 5000
   ​
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl start mysqld

   #9）啟動資料庫

    /etc/init.d/mysqld start
   ​
   #啟動失敗，因為mysql檔案中很多都是/usr/local/mysql，我們需要替換
    sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/service/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld /service/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe 
    
   #修改配置檔案
    vim /etc/my.cnf
   basedir = /service/mysql
   datadir = /service/mysql/data
   ​
   #再次啟動
    /etc/init.d/mysqld start
   Starting MySQL.Logging to '/service/mysql/data/db03.err'.
    SUCCESS! 

   10）配置環境變數

    vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
   export PATH=/service/mysql/bin:$PATH
   ​
   [root@db03 mysql]# source /etc/profile

   11）確認啟動

   ps -ef | grep mysql   

   2. 建立多例項

   #mysql 多例項，也是多個配置檔案啟動資料庫
   ​
   mysql多個配置檔案：
   1.多個埠
   2.多個socket檔案
   3.多個日誌檔案
   4.多個srver_id
   5.多個數據目錄

   1） 建立多例項目錄

    mkdir /service/{3308,3309}

   2） 編輯配置檔案

   # 從庫配置檔案
   vim /service/3308/my.cnf 
   [mysqld]
   basedir = /service/mysql
   datadir = /service/3308/data
   port=3308
   socket=/service/3308/mysql.sock
   server_id=2
   log_err=/service/3308/data/mysql.err
   log_bin=/service/3308/data/mysql-bin
   ​
   # 從庫配置檔案
    vim /service/3309/my.cnf 
   [mysqld]
   basedir = /service/mysql
   datadir = /service/3309/data
   port=3309
   socket=/service/3309/mysql.sock
   server_id=3
   log_err=/service/3309/data/mysql.err
   log_bin=/service/3309/data/mysql-bin
   ​

   3）初始化 多例項資料目錄

   ## 3308
   /service/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/service/3308/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/service/mysql --datadir=/service/3308/data
   ## 3309
   /service/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/service/3309/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/service/mysql --datadir=/service/3309/data

   4）授權目錄

    chown -R mysql.mysql /service/

   5） 啟動多例項

   ## 3308
   mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/service/3308/my.cnf &
   ## 3309
   mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/service/3309/my.cnf &

   6）連線多例項驗證

   mysql -S /service/3308/mysql.sock -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
   +---------------+-------+
   | Variable_name | Value |
   +---------------+-------+
   | server_id   | 2   |
   +---------------+-------+

   7） 設定密碼

   ​
   mysqladmin -S /service/3308/mysql.sock -uroot password '123'
   mysqladmin -S /service/3309/mysql.sock -uroot password '123'

   8） 連線

   mysql -S /service/3308/mysql.sock -uroot -p
   Enter password:
   mysql -S /service/3309/mysql.sock -uroot -p
   Enter password:
   #簡單連線方式
   [root@db03 service]# cat /usr/bin/mysql3307
   mysql -S /service/3308/mysql.sock -uroot -p123

   9.1）單機多例項MYSQL主從複製

## 主庫操作
​
1.主庫授權一個使用者，給從庫用來連線
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'%' identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)
​
3.主庫檢視binlog資訊
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+
| File       | Position |
+------------------+----------+
| mysql-bin.000004 |   120 |
+------------------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
## 從庫操作
 mysql -S /service/3308/mysql.sock -uroot -p
 
change master to
  master_host='172.16.1.22',
  master_user='rep',
  master_password='123',
  master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',
  master_log_pos=317,
  master_port=3306;
  
start slave;
show slave status \G 
 
 
 
 # 主庫學資料 測試主從同步
create database php;
mysql>  show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql        |
| performance_schema |
| php         |
| test        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
​
​
​