主機清單檔案: /etc/ansible/hosts
檔案作用：通常用於定義要管理哪些主機的認證資訊，例如ssh登入使用者名稱，密碼資訊等
定義主機組方式：

#vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[webservers]
192.168.1.31
192.168.1.32

[root@localhost ~]# ansible webservers -uroot -k -m ping -o
SSH password: 
192.168.1.32 | SUCCESS => {"changed": false, "ping": "pong"}
192.168.1.31 | SUCCESS => {"changed": false, "ping": "pong"}
 

批量定義主機

#vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[webservers]
192.168.1.[31:34]

[root@localhost ~]# ansible webservers -uroot -k -m ping -o
SSH password: 
192.168.1.32 | SUCCESS => {"changed": false, "ping": "pong"}
192.168.1.31 | SUCCESS => {"changed": false, "ping": "pong"}
 

內建引數:ssh埠

#vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[webservers]
192.168.1.[31:32] ansible_ssh_user='root' ansible_ssh_pass='redhat' ansible_ssh_port='22'

vars變數：定義主機的內建引數

#vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[webservers]
192.168.1.[31:32]
[webservers:vars]
ansible_ssh_user='root'
ansible_ssh_pass='redhat'
ansible_ssh_port='22'

子組分類變數：children

#vim /etc/ansible/hosts 
[nginx]
192.168.1.31
[apache]
192.168.1.32
[webservers:children]
apache
nginx
[webservers:vars]
ansible_ssh_user='root'
ansible_ssh_pass='redhat'
ansible_ssh_port='22'

[root@localhost ~]# ansible webservers -m ping -o
192.168.1.31 | SUCCESS => {"changed": false, "ping": "pong"}
192.168.1.32 | SUCCESS => {"changed": false, "ping": "pong"}
[root@localhost ~]# ansible nginx -m ping -o
192.168.1.31 | SUCCESS => {"changed": false, "ping": "pong"}
[root@localhost ~]# ansible apache -m ping -o
192.168.1.32 | SUCCESS => {"changed": false, "ping": "pong"}

自定義主機清單檔案

[root@localhost ~]# ansible -i /etc/ansible/webservices webservers -m ping -o
192.168.1.31 | SUCCESS => {"changed": false, "ping": "pong"}
192.168.1.32 | SUCCESS => {"changed": false, "ping": "pong"}

檢視組中的主機列表

[root@localhost ~]# ansible webservers --list-host
  hosts (2):
    192.168.1.32
    192.168.1.31
[root@localhost ~]# ansible nginx  --list-host
  hosts (1):
    192.168.1.31