1. 程式人生 > 實用技巧 >K8s 1.18.6版本基於 ingress-nginx 實現金絲雀釋出(灰度釋出)

K8s 1.18.6版本基於 ingress-nginx 實現金絲雀釋出(灰度釋出)

K8s 1.18.6版本基於 ingress-nginx 實現金絲雀釋出(灰度釋出)

環境

軟體 版本
kubernetes v1.18.6
nginx-ingress-controller 0.32.0
Rancher v2.4.5

本次實驗基於 Rancher-v2.4.5 部署了1.18.6版本的k8s叢集,nginx-ingress 版本為0.32.0,理論上 ingress-nginx >= 0.21.0都是可以的。

介紹

金絲雀釋出:又叫灰度釋出,控制產品從A版本平滑的過度到B版本

ingress-nginx:k8s ingress工具,支援金絲雀釋出,可以實現基於權重、請求頭、請求頭的值、cookie轉發流量。

rancher:k8s叢集管理工具,使用UI簡化k8s相關操作

ingress-nginx canary官方說明:https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/blob/master/docs/user-guide/nginx-configuration/annotations.md#canary

首先建立兩個nginx應用

  1. 部署兩個deployment的http應用
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: appv1
  labels:
    app: v1
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: v1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: v1
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: zerchin/canary:v1
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: appv2
  labels:
    app: v2
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: v2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: v2
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: zerchin/canary:v2
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

kubectl檢視pod

# kubectl get pod -o wide |grep app
appv1-77655949f8-hx6nm   1/1     Running   0          44m   10.60.0.91   xie-node001   <none>           <none>
appv2-7b8659cd88-dgd5c   1/1     Running   0          44m   10.60.0.92   xie-node001   <none>           <none>

這兩個應用輸出以下內容

# curl 10.60.0.91
v1
# curl 10.60.0.92
canary-v2
  1. 分別為應用建立對應的service
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: appv1
spec:
  selector:
    app: v1
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: appv2
spec:
  selector:
    app: v2
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80

kubectl檢視service

# kubectl get svc |grep app
appv1         ClusterIP   10.50.42.17    <none>        80/TCP    26m
appv2         ClusterIP   10.50.42.131   <none>        80/TCP    26m

部署一個正常的ingress

現在這個ingress能正常的將訪問路由到appv1上

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: app
  namespace: default
spec:
  rules:
  - host: nginx.zerchin.xyz
    http:
      paths:
      - backend:
          serviceName: appv1
          servicePort: 80
        path: /

kubectl檢視ingress

# kubectl get ingress
NAME         CLASS    HOSTS               ADDRESS                     PORTS   AGE
app          <none>   nginx.zerchin.xyz   172.16.0.195,172.16.0.196   80      11m

訪問nginx.zerchin.xyz

# curl nginx.zerchin.xyz
v1

基於權重轉發流量

nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary-weight:隨機整數請求的整數百分比(0-100),應將其路由到canary Ingress中指定的服務。權重0表示此Canary規則不會在Canary入口中將任何請求傳送到服務。權重為100表示所有請求都將傳送到Ingress中指定的替代服務。

新建一個ingress,配置如下

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  annotations:
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary: "true"
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary-weight: "30"
  name: app-canary
  namespace: default
spec:
  rules:
  - host: nginx.zerchin.xyz
    http:
      paths:
      - backend:
          serviceName: appv2
          servicePort: 80
        path: /

kubectl檢視ingress

# kubectl get ingress
NAME         CLASS    HOSTS               ADDRESS                     PORTS   AGE
app          <none>   nginx.zerchin.xyz   172.16.0.195,172.16.0.196   80      11m
app-canary   <none>   nginx.zerchin.xyz   172.16.0.195,172.16.0.196   80      7m13s

這時候再訪問nginx.zerchin.xyz,會發現其中30%的流量會路由到v2版本上

# for i in `seq 1 10`;do curl nginx.zerchin.xyz;done
canary-v2
canary-v2
v1
v1
canary-v2
v1
v1
v1
v1
v1

基於請求頭轉發流量

nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary-by-header:用於通知Ingress將請求路由到Canary Ingress中指定的服務的標頭。當請求標頭設定always為時,它將被路由到Canary。當標頭設定never為時,它將永遠不會路由到金絲雀。對於任何其他值,標頭將被忽略,並且按優先順序將請求與其他金絲雀規則進行比較。

修改app-canary的ingress配置,修改annotation,如下:

  annotations:
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary: "true"
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary-by-header: "canary"

測試結果

# curl nginx.zerchin.xyz 
v1
# curl -H "canary:always" nginx.zerchin.xyz 
canary-v2

基於請求頭和請求頭的值轉發流量

nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary-by-header-value:匹配的報頭值,用於通知Ingress將請求路由到Canary Ingress中指定的服務。當請求標頭設定為此值時,它將被路由到Canary。對於任何其他標頭值,標頭將被忽略,並按優先順序將請求與其他金絲雀規則進行比較。此註釋必須與nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary-by-header一起使用。

修改app-canary的ingress配置,修改annotation,如下:

  annotations:
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary: "true"
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary-by-header: "canary"
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary-by-header-value: "haha"

測試結果

# curl nginx.zerchin.xyz
v1
# curl -H "canary:haha" nginx.zerchin.xyz
canary-v2
# curl -H "canary:always" nginx.zerchin.xyz
v1

基於cookie轉發流量

nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary-by-cookie:用於通知Ingress將請求路由到Canary Ingress中指定的服務的cookie。當cookie值設定always為時,它將被路由到canary。當cookie設定never為時,它將永遠不會路由到Canary。對於任何其他值,將忽略cookie,並按優先順序將請求與其他canary規則進行比較。

修改app-canary的ingress配置,修改annotation,如下:

  annotations:
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary: "true"
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/canary-by-cookie: "test"

測試結果

# curl nginx.zerchin.xyz
v1
# curl -b "test=never" nginx.zerchin.xyz
v1
# curl -b "test=always" nginx.zerchin.xyz
canary-v2
# curl -b "test=1" nginx.zerchin.xyz
v1

總結

  1. 金絲雀釋出規則優先順序:canary-by-header -> canary-by-cookie -> canary-weight

  2. 目前,每個ingress規則最多可以應用一個canary ingress