在使用者身份驗證的情況下，Laravel 具有內建的身份驗證系統。我們可以根據要求輕鬆修改它。身份驗證中包含的功能之一是Throttling.

為什麼我們需要throttling保護？

基本上，throttling是用來保護暴力攻擊的。它將在一定時間內檢查登入嘗試。在短登入中，throttling會計算使用者或機器人嘗試失敗的登入嘗試次數。

使用自定義登入實現限制

預設情況下，在內建身份驗證控制器中實現限制。但是，如果我們需要實現它到自定義登入呢？

實現自定義登入限制非常容易。首先，我們必須將ThrottlesLogins trait包含到您的控制器中。

use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\ThrottlesLogins;

現在，將此ThrottlesLogins trait 加到控制器中。

namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\ThrottlesLogins;
class AuthController extends Controller
{
 use ThrottlesLogins;
 ......

現在轉到用於對使用者進行身份驗證的方法。在我的例子中，我使用了 login() POST 方法。並貼上以下程式碼:

public function login(Request $request)
{
 // Authenticate Inputs
 $request->validate([
 'username' => 'required','password' => 'required|min:6|max:18'
 ]);
 // If the class is using the ThrottlesLogins trait,we can automatically throttle
 // the login attempts for this application. We'll key this by the username and
 // the IP address of the client making these requests into this application.
 if (method_exists($this,'hasTooManyLoginAttempts') &&
 $this->hasTooManyLoginAttempts($request)) {
 $this->fireLockoutEvent($request);
 return $this->sendLockoutResponse($request);
 }
 
 .......

首先，我們驗證了使用者提交的輸入，然後實現了hasTooManyLoginAttempts() 方法。此方法將檢查使用者在某個時間是否執行過一定數量的失敗嘗試，然後系統將通過sendLockoutResponse() 方法阻止該使用者。

現在，我們必須通過incrementLoginAttempts()方法指示對ThrottlesLogins trait的失敗登入嘗試。

if( Auth::attempt(['username' => $username,'password' => $password]) ){
 // Redirect to appropriate dashboard 
}
else {
 // If the login attempt was unsuccessful we will increment the number of attempts
 // to login and redirect the user back to the login form. Of course,when this
 // user surpasses their maximum number of attempts they will get locked out.
 $this->incrementLoginAttempts($request);
 return redirect()->back()
  ->withInput($request->all())
  ->withErrors(['error' => 'Please check your username / password.']);
}

您還可以通過$maxAttempts和$decayMinutes屬性更改允許的最大嘗試次數和限制的分鐘數。在這裡，您可以找到完整的程式碼。

<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\ThrottlesLogins;
class AuthController extends Controller
{
 use ThrottlesLogins;
 /**
  * The maximum number of attempts to allow.
  *
  * @return int
  */
 protected $maxAttempts = 5;
 /**
  * The number of minutes to throttle for.
  *
  * @return int
  */
 protected $decayMinutes = 1;
 public function login(Request $request)
 {
  // Authenticate Inputs
  $request->validate([
   'username' => 'required','password' => 'required|min:6|max:18'
  ]);
  // If the class is using the ThrottlesLogins trait,we can automatically throttle
  // the login attempts for this application. We'll key this by the username and
  // the IP address of the client making these requests into this application.
  if (method_exists($this,'hasTooManyLoginAttempts') &&
   $this->hasTooManyLoginAttempts($request)) {
   $this->fireLockoutEvent($request);
   return $this->sendLockoutResponse($request);
  }
  $username = $request->username;
  $password = $request->password;
  
  if( Auth::attempt(['username' => $username,'password' => $password]) ){
   // Redirect to appropriate dashboard 
  }
  else {
   // If the login attempt was unsuccessful we will increment the number of attempts
   // to login and redirect the user back to the login form. Of course,when this
   // user surpasses their maximum number of attempts they will get locked out.
   $this->incrementLoginAttempts($request);
   return redirect()->back()
    ->withInput($request->all())
    ->withErrors(['error' => 'Please check your username / password.']);
  }
 }
}
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