吳裕雄--天生自然ANDROID開發學習：2.5.9 AlertDialog(對話方塊)詳解
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-08-29
官方文件：AlertDialog:http://androiddoc.qiniudn.com/reference/android/app/AlertDialog.html
1.基本使用流程 Step 1：建立AlertDialog.Builder物件； Step 2：呼叫setIcon()設定圖示，setTitle()或setCustomTitle()設定標題； Step 3：設定對話方塊的內容：setMessage()還有其他方法來指定顯示的內容； Step 4：呼叫setPositive/Negative/NeutralButton()設定：確定，取消，中立按鈕； Step 5：呼叫create()方法建立這個物件，再呼叫show()方法將對話方塊顯示出來；
核心程式碼：
MainActivity.java：
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
private Button btn_dialog_one;
private Button btn_dialog_two;
private Button btn_dialog_three;
private Button btn_dialog_four;
private Context mContext;
private boolean[] checkItems;
private AlertDialog alert = null;
private AlertDialog.Builder builder = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mContext = MainActivity.this;
bindView();
}
private void bindView() {
btn_dialog_one = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog_one);
btn_dialog_two = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog_two);
btn_dialog_three = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog_three);
btn_dialog_four = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog_four);
btn_dialog_one.setOnClickListener(this);
btn_dialog_two.setOnClickListener(this);
btn_dialog_three.setOnClickListener(this);
btn_dialog_four.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
//普通對話方塊
case R.id.btn_dialog_one:
alert = null;
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
alert = builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_icon_fish)
.setTitle("系統提示：")
.setMessage("這是一個最普通的AlertDialog,\n帶有三個按鈕，分別是取消，中立和確定")
.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(mContext, "你點選了取消按鈕~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
})
.setPositiveButton("確定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(mContext, "你點選了確定按鈕~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
})
.setNeutralButton("中立", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(mContext, "你點選了中立按鈕~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}).create(); //建立AlertDialog物件
alert.show(); //顯示對話方塊
break;
//普通列表對話方塊
case R.id.btn_dialog_two:
final String[] lesson = new String[]{"語文", "數學", "英語", "化學", "生物", "物理", "體育"};
alert = null;
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
alert = builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_icon_fish)
.setTitle("選擇你喜歡的課程")
.setItems(lesson, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "你選擇了" + lesson[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}).create();
alert.show();
break;
//單選列表對話方塊
case R.id.btn_dialog_three:
final String[] fruits = new String[]{"蘋果", "雪梨", "香蕉", "葡萄", "西瓜"};
alert = null;
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
alert = builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_icon_fish)
.setTitle("選擇你喜歡的水果，只能選一個哦~")
.setSingleChoiceItems(fruits, 0, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "你選擇了" + fruits[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}).create();
alert.show();
break;
//多選列表對話方塊
case R.id.btn_dialog_four:
final String[] menu = new String[]{"水煮豆腐", "蘿蔔牛腩", "醬油雞", "胡椒豬肚雞"};
//定義一個用來記錄個列表項狀態的boolean陣列
checkItems = new boolean[]{false, false, false, false};
alert = null;
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
alert = builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_icon_fish)
.setMultiChoiceItems(menu, checkItems, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
checkItems[which] = isChecked;
}
})
.setPositiveButton("確定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
String result = "";
for (int i = 0; i < checkItems.length; i++) {
if (checkItems[i])
result += menu[i] + " ";
}
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "客官你點了:" + result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
})
.create();
alert.show();
break;
}
}
}
3.通過Builder的setView()定製顯示的AlertDialog
關鍵程式碼：
首先是兩種不同按鈕的selctor的drawable檔案：
btn_selctor_exit.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:state_pressed="true" android:drawable="@mipmap/iv_icon_exit_pressed"/>
<item android:drawable="@mipmap/iv_icon_exit_normal"/>
</selector>
btn_selctor_choose.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:state_pressed="true" android:drawable="@mipmap/bg_btn_pressed"/>
<item android:drawable="@mipmap/bg_btn_normal"/>
</selector>
接著是自定義的Dialog佈局：view_dialog_custom.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/RelativeLayout1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<RelativeLayout
android:id="@+id/titlelayout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:background="#53CC66"
android:padding="5dp">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:text="提示資訊"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_cancle"
android:layout_width="30dp"
android:layout_height="30dp"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:background="@drawable/btn_selctor_exit" />
</RelativeLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/ly_detail"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_below="@+id/titlelayout"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
android:text="通過setView()方法定製AlertDialog"
android:textColor="#04AEDA"
android:textSize="18sp" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:text="作者:Coder-pig"
android:textColor="#04AEDA"
android:textSize="18sp" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@+id/ly_detail"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_blog"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="@drawable/btn_selctor_choose"
android:text="訪問部落格"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_close"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="@drawable/btn_selctor_choose"
android:text="關閉"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:textSize="20sp" />
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
最後是MainActivity.java：
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button btn_show;
private View view_custom;
private Context mContext;
private AlertDialog alert = null;
private AlertDialog.Builder builder = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mContext = MainActivity.this;
btn_show = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_show);
//初始化Builder
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
//載入自定義的那個View,同時設定下
final LayoutInflater inflater = MainActivity.this.getLayoutInflater();
view_custom = inflater.inflate(R.layout.view_dialog_custom, null,false);
builder.setView(view_custom);
builder.setCancelable(false);
alert = builder.create();
view_custom.findViewById(R.id.btn_cancle).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
alert.dismiss();
}
});
view_custom.findViewById(R.id.btn_blog).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "訪問部落格", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig");
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
startActivity(intent);
alert.dismiss();
}
});
view_custom.findViewById(R.id.btn_close).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "對話方塊已關閉~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
alert.dismiss();
}
});
btn_show.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
alert.show();
}
});
}
}