MATLAB GUI程式打包成.exe的方法流程和注意事項

阿新 • • 發佈：2020-09-14

Matlab GUI程式打包成.exe的功能，對Matlab GUI程式而言，無疑是一種解脫。

比如，重在演算法設計和資料測試的自動駕駛ADAS感知系統。

流程

第一步：開啟編譯工具

在Matlab命令視窗，輸入 deploytool函式。

deploytool

出現application Compiler 視窗，如下圖

第二步：設定編譯資訊

在這裡，可以設定多類資訊：

A GUI程式資訊

畢竟要為GUI程式，打包成.exe檔案。需要GUI程式資訊，包括GUI主程式，

B 軟體資訊

目標.exe檔案的封面、作者聯絡資訊、軟體功能描述

C GUI程式的支援包

這是非常重要的支援資訊。Matlab工具箱集合非常強大，便於程式開發，但是在打包過程中，也就需要把支援包，都要打包附帶。

D 設定目標.exe檔案打包後的儲存路徑

E 軟體執行所依賴的所有檔案和資料夾

第三步：設定打包方式

這裡打包方式，取決於Matlab Runtime的來源設定。

A 來自Web

打包速度快，體積小。使用者得到.exe檔案後，安裝時，需要下載Matlab runtime，佔用時間。

B 打包者，下載，併入到打包後的檔案中

打包速度慢，但是使用者根據簡單提示，就能安裝使用.exe檔案。

最後，點選Package，執行打包過程

執行完成之後，得到系統提示。

 1 for_redistribution
 2 ----MyAppInstaller_web.exe
 3 for_redistribution_files_only
 
 4 ----myCameraGUI.exe
 5 ----readme.txt
 6 ----splash.png
 7 for_testing
 8 ----mccExcludedFiles.log
 9 ----myCameraGUI.exe
10 ----readme.txt
11 ----requiredMCRProducts.txt
12 ----splash.png

這是打包輸出後的檔案目錄。

當用戶電腦有對應版本的Matlab Runtime時，只需要執行 for_testing 資料夾中的檔案。

如果沒有，就需要for_redistribution資料夾中的檔案，安裝Matlab Runtime。

案例

第一個：基於USB鏡頭的實時影像獲取與顯示

編譯方式： Web式打包

原始碼：

 1 function varargout = myCameraGUI(varargin)
 2 gui_Singleton = 1;
 3 gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
 4                    'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
 5                    'gui_OpeningFcn', @myCameraGUI_OpeningFcn, ...
 6                    'gui_OutputFcn',  @myCameraGUI_OutputFcn, ...
 7                    'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
 8                    'gui_Callback',   []);
 9 if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
10     gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
11 end
12 
13 if nargout
14     [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
15 else
16     gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
17 end
18 
19 function myCameraGUI_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
20 
21 handles.output = hObject;
22 
23 handles.video = videoinput('winvideo', 1);
24 set(handles.video,'TimerPeriod', 0.05, ...
25 'TimerFcn',['if(~isempty(gco)),'...
26 'handles=guidata(gcf);'... % Update handles
27 'image(getsnapshot(handles.video));'... % Get picture using GETSNAPSHOT and put it into axes using IMAGE
28 'set(handles.cameraAxes,''ytick'',[],''xtick'',[]),'... % Remove tickmarks and labels that are inserted when using IMAGE
29 'else '...
30 'delete(imaqfind);'... % Clean up - delete any image acquisition objects
31 'end']);
32 triggerconfig(handles.video,'manual');
33 handles.video.FramesPerTrigger = Inf; % Capture frames until we manually stop it
34 
35 % Update handles structure
36 guidata(hObject, handles);
37 
38 % UIWAIT makes mycameragui wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
39 uiwait(handles.myCameraGUI);
40 
41 
42 % --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
43 function varargout = myCameraGUI_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
44 handles.output = hObject;
45 varargout{1} = handles.output;
46 
47 
48 % --- Executes on button press in startStopCamera.
49 function startStopCamera_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
50 % Start/Stop Camera
51 if strcmp(get(handles.startStopCamera,'String'),'Start Camera')
52     % Camera is off. Change button string and start camera.
53     set(handles.startStopCamera,'String','Stop Camera')
54     start(handles.video)
55     set(handles.startAcquisition,'Enable','on');
56     set(handles.captureImage,'Enable','on');
57     
58 else
59     % Camera is on. Stop camera and change button string.
60     set(handles.startStopCamera,'String','Start Camera')
61     stop(handles.video)
62     set(handles.startAcquisition,'Enable','off');
63     set(handles.captureImage,'Enable','off');
64 end
65 
66 % --- Executes on button press in captureImage.
67 function captureImage_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
68 
69 frame = get(get(handles.cameraAxes,'children'),'cdata'); % The current displayed frame
70 save('testframe.mat', 'frame');
71 disp('Frame saved to file ''testframe.mat''');
72 
73 
74 % --- Executes on button press in startAcquisition.
75 function startAcquisition_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
76 if strcmp(get(handles.startAcquisition,'String'),'Start Acquisition')
77     % Camera is not acquiring. Change button string and start acquisition.
78     set(handles.startAcquisition,'String','Stop Acquisition');
79     trigger(handles.video);
80 else
81     % Camera is acquiring. Stop acquisition, save video data,
82     % and change button string.
83     stop(handles.video);
84     disp('Saving captured video...');
85     
86     videodata = getdata(handles.video);
87     save('testvideo.mat', 'videodata');
88     disp('Video saved to file ''testvideo.mat''');
89     
90     start(handles.video); % Restart the camera
91     set(handles.startAcquisition,'String','Start Acquisition');
92 end
93 
94 % --- Executes when user attempts to close myCameraGUI.
95 function myCameraGUI_CloseRequestFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
96 
97 delete(hObject);
98 delete(imaqfind);

第二個：Matlab計算器

編譯方式：整合式打包

calculator本身只有2.5m，程式碼可能只有6k.但是打包後的檔案，達到850M。

這是M語言的弊端。類似的狀況有LabVIEW語言程式設計，想要打包成.exe，也產生一個體積巨大的安裝包。

 1 function varargout = calculator(varargin)
 2 
 3 gui_Singleton = 1;
 4 gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
 5                    'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
 6                    'gui_OpeningFcn', @calculator_OpeningFcn, ...
 7                    'gui_OutputFcn',  @calculator_OutputFcn, ...
 8                    'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
 9                    'gui_Callback',   []);
10 if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
11     gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
12 end
13 
14 if nargout
15     [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
16 else
17     gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
18 end
19 
20 function calculator_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
21 
22 handles.output = hObject;
23 
24 % Update handles structure
25 guidata(hObject, handles);
26 
27 % --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
28 function varargout = calculator_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
29 
30 varargout{1} = handles.output;
31 
32 
33 
34 function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
35 
36 input1 = str2num(get(hObject,'String'));
37 if (isempty(input1))
38     set(hObject,'String','0');
39 end
40 guidata(hObject,handles);
41 
42 
43 % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
44 function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
45 
46 if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
47     set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
48 end
49 
50 
51 function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
52 
53 input2 = str2num(get(hObject,'String'));
54 if (isempty(input2))
55     set(hObject,'String','0');
56 end
57 guidata(hObject,handles);
58 
59 
60 % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
61 function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
62 if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
63     set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
64 end
65 
66 
67 
68 function answer_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
69 
70 function answer_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
71 
72 if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
73     set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
74 end
75 
76 
77 % --- Executes on button press in AddPushbutton.
78 function AddPushbutton_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
79 
80 input111 = get(handles.edit1,'String');
81 input222 = get(handles.edit2,'String');
82 total = str2num(input111) + str2num(input222)
83 c = num2str(total)
84 
85 set(handles.answer,'String',c);
86 guidata(hObject,handles);

第三個：自動駕駛感知系統

https://u.wechat.com/MFl-TPiUT-Xb0P2U7aOxIZo(二維碼自動識別)

智慧USV實時感知系統是一套用於自動駕駛裝備（無人車、船）智慧感知的應用系統。其中，感測器硬體主要包括：camera * 6、stereo camera * 2、radar * 1、GPS、IMU、4G 通訊。主要功能：實現對自動駕駛裝備的架勢環境進行實時感知，以輔助自動駕駛的控制決策，具體包括：GPS定位、車牌目標識別、汽車識別、雷達探測。目標屬性有：ID、定位、距離、相對方位。

軟體自2020.04.28開發。歡迎使用者朋友，聯絡[email protected]反饋意見，共同優化。

這個部分，就不提供程式碼了。歡迎交流。