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原文鏈接：http://blog.itpub.net/23135684/viewspace-748816/

11gR2 RAC系統的存儲數據全然丟失，全部節點的軟件都安裝在本地磁盤中。本地磁盤保留了OCR的備份，以下討論通過replace votedisk和restore ocr的方式恢復Clusterware的正常執行：

1.啟動CRS到獨占模式。 [[email protected] bin]#./crsctl stop has -f [[email protected] bin]#./crsctl start crs -excl -nocrs
2.創建用於存儲OCR和Votedisk的磁盤組。

[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun Oct 21 22:04:50 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP OCR NORMAL REDUNDANCY 2 DISK ‘ORCL:OCRVDISK1‘,‘ORCL:OCRVDISK2‘,‘ORCL:OCRVDISK3‘;
Diskgroup created.
3.replace votedisk和restore ocr。

依據上面創建的磁盤組，運行下面的replace votedisk和restore ocr操作，收到例如以下報錯：
[[email protected] bin]#./crsctl replace votedisk +OCR

Oracle Cluster Registry initialization failed accessing Oracle Cluster Registry device: PROC-26: Error while accessing the physical storage
[[email protected] bin]#./ocrconfig -restore /u01/app/grid/11.2.0/cdata/backup00.ocr CRS-4000: Command Replace failed, or completed with errors. PROT-35: The configured Oracle Cluster Registry locations are not accessible
4.重建磁盤組。 DROP 磁盤組，新建磁盤組（添加compatible.asm屬性設置）： [[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun Oct 21 22:04:50 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
SQL> drop diskgroup ocrvdisk;
Diskgroup dropped.
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP OCR NORMAL REDUNDANCY 2 DISK ‘ORCL:OCRVDISK1‘,‘ORCL:OCRVDISK2‘,‘ORCL:OCRVDISK3‘ 3 ATTRIBUTE ‘compatible.asm‘=‘11.2.0.0.0‘;
Diskgroup created.
[[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl replace votedisk +OCR Oracle Cluster Registry initialization failed accessing Oracle Cluster Registry device: PROC-26: Error while accessing the physical storage
正確的順序應該是先restore ocr，然後再replace votedisk。
[[email protected] bin]# ./ocrconfig -restore /u01/app/grid/11.2.0/cdata/backup00.ocr [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl replace votedisk +OCR Successful addition of voting disk 640c1dbe94ed4fe6bffe70b8ea7544b9. Successful addition of voting disk 6f45ec9c09c24fb7bf02bed03de2b8a4. Successful addition of voting disk a5a2c30e82f14fe9bfe23029864912cc. Successfully replaced voting disk group with +OCR. CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced
註意以上加紅加粗兩點。votedisk和ocr就能夠得到順利的恢復。

5.配置ASM參數文件。
完畢以上操作之後，asm spfile並沒有被創建。
[[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl stop has -f ......
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped. [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl start has CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started. [[email protected] bin]# su - grid [[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Nov 8 23:49:28 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ spfile string
運行下面的步驟手動創建ASM SPFILE文件：

1).創建ASM PFILE文件：
[[email protected] ~]# vi /tmp/asm_pfile.txt 增加例如以下參數： *.asm_power_limit=1 *.diagnostic_dest=‘/u01/app/grid/11.2.0/log‘ *.instance_type=‘asm‘ *.large_pool_size=12M *.remote_login_passwordfile=‘EXCLUSIVE‘
2).創建SPFILE文件： [[email protected] ~]# su - grid [[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Nov 9 00:03:22 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
SQL> create spfile=‘+OCR‘ from pfile=‘/tmp/asm_pfile.txt‘;
File created.
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ spfile string
3).重新啟動HAS服務，驗證SPFILE參數： [[email protected] ~]# cd /u01/app/grid/11.2.0/bin [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl stop has ...... CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped. [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl start has CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started. [[email protected] bin]# ./crsctl check crs CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online CRS-4533: Event Manager is online [[email protected] bin]# su - grid [[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Nov 9 00:32:25 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ spfile string +OCR/wstcluster/asmparameterfile/registry.253.798854653
SPFILE被成功配置。

整個過程參考文章：

How to Restore OCR After the 1st ASM Diskgroup is Lost on Windows [ID 1294915.1]
改動時間:2012-3-6類型:HOWTO狀態:PUBLISHED優先級:3

In this Document
Goal
Solution
References

---

Applies to:

Oracle Server - Enterprise Edition - Version: 11.2.0.1 to 11.2.0.2 [Release: 11.2 to 11.2]
Microsoft Windows (32-bit)
Microsoft Windows x64 (64-bit)

Goal

The goal of this document is to provide the steps necessary to restore the OCR after the 1st ASM diskgroup, which contains the OCR, Voting Disks, and ASM SPFILE is lost.

The general process of restoring the OCR from backup is documented here: Restoring Oracle Cluster Repository.

Solution

When using an ASM disk group for CRS there are typically 3 different types of files located in the disk group that potentially need to be restored/recreated:

• The Oracle Cluster Registry file (OCR)
• The Voting file(s)
• The shared SPFILE for the ASM instance(s)

1. Locate the latest automatic OCR backup
When using a non-shared CRS home, automatic OCR backups can be located on any node of the cluster, consequently all nodes need to be checked for the most recent backup:


$CRS_HOME\bin\ocrconfig -showbackup
PROT-26: Oracle Cluster Registry backup locations were retrieved from a local copy

RACNODE01 2010/08/20 12:25:00 C:\app\11.2.0\grid\cdata\cluster_name\backup00.ocr
RACNODE01 2010/08/20 08:24:58 C:\app\11.2.0\grid\cdata\cluster_name\backup01.ocr
RACNODE01 2010/08/20 04:24:55 C:\app\11.2.0\grid\cdata\cluster_name\backup02.ocr
RACNODE01 2010/08/19 04:24:41 C:\app\11.2.0\grid\cdata\cluster_name\day.ocr
RACNODE01 2010/08/09 04:22:07 C:\app\11.2.0\grid\cdata\cluster_name\week.ocr


2. Clear the partitions of the disks that were used in the 1st diskgroup:

$CRS_HOME\bin\logpartformat /q \\.\ORCLDISKOCRVOTE0
$CRS_HOME\bin\logpartformat /q \\.\ORCLDISKOCRVOTE1
$CRS_HOME\bin\logpartformat /q \\.\ORCLDISKOCRVOTE2



3. Re-Stamp the 1st diskgroup‘s (+OCRVOTE) disks using ASMTOOLG:











4. Open the server services console: Start --> Run --> services.msc



5. Manually stop the OracleOHService service





6. Start the CRS stack in exclusive mode:

11.2.0.1:
$CRS_HOME\bin\crsctl start crs -excl
...
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.asm‘ on ‘racnode1‘
CRS-2676: Start of ‘ora.asm‘ on ‘racnode1‘ succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.crsd‘ on ‘racnode1‘
CRS-2676: Start of ‘ora.crsd‘ on ‘racnode1‘ succeeded

11.2.0.2:
$CRS_HOME\bin\crsctl start crs -excl -nocrs
...
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.cluster_interconnect.haip‘ on ‘racnode1‘
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.ctssd‘ on ‘racnode1‘
CRS-2676: Start of ‘ora.drivers.acfs‘ on ‘racnode1‘ succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of ‘ora.ctssd‘ on ‘racnode1‘ succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of ‘ora.cluster_interconnect.haip‘ on ‘racnode1‘ succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.asm‘ on ‘racnode1‘
CRS-2676: Start of ‘ora.asm‘ on ‘racnode1‘ succeeded

IMPORTANT:
A new option ‘-nocrs‘ has been introduced with 11.2.0.2, which prevents the start of the ora.crsd resource. It is vital that this option is specified, otherwise the failure to start the ora.crsd resource will tear down ora.cluster_interconnect.haip, which in turn will cause ASM to crash.


7. Re-create the OCRVOTE diskgroup via sqlplus
The disk group can now be (re-)created via sqlplus from the grid user. The compatible.asm attribute must be set to 11.2 in order for the disk group to be used by CRS:

sqlplus / as sysasm

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Sep 2 08:39:18 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options

SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP OCRVOTE NORMAL REDUNDANCY
DISK ‘\\.\ORCLDISKOCRVOTE0‘,‘\\.\ORCLDISKOCRVOTE1‘,‘\\.\ORCLDISKOCRVOTE2‘
ATTRIBUTE ‘compatible.asm‘=‘11.2.0.0.0‘;

Diskgroup created.

SQL> exit



8. Restore the latest OCR backup
Now that the CRS disk group is created & mounted the OCR can be restored:

$CRS_HOME\bin\ocrconfig -restore C:\app\11.2.0\grid\cdata\cluster_name\backup00.ocr



9. Start the CRS daemon on the current node (11.2.0.1 only !)
Now that the OCR has been restored the CRS daemon can be started, this is needed to recreate the Voting file. Skip this step for 11.2.0.2.0.

$CRS_HOME\bin\crsctl start res ora.crsd -init
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.crsd‘ on ‘racnode1‘
CRS-2676: Start of ‘ora.crsd‘ on ‘racnode1‘ succeeded



10. Recreate the Voting file
The Voting file needs to be initialized in the CRS disk group:

$CRS_HOME\bin\crsctl replace votedisk +OCRVOTE
Successful addition of voting disk 401738d9d75e4f7abf60d6bac7f9119c.
Successful addition of voting disk 7449ffaed19b4f22bf643553ea396683.
Successful addition of voting disk 5be68de758a74fbbbf9b8a4240d5e32d.
Successfully replaced voting disk group with +OCRVOTE.
CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced



11. Recreate the SPFILE for ASM

Prepare a pfile (e.g. c:\tmp\asm_pfile.ora) with the ASM startup parameters - these may vary from the example below. If in doubt consult the ASM alert log as the ASM instance startup should list all non-default parameter values. Please note the last startup of ASM (in step 2 via CRS start) will not have used an SPFILE, so a startup prior to the loss of the CRS disk group would need to be located.

*.asm_power_limit=1
*.diagnostic_dest=‘C:\app\11.2.0\grid‘
*.instance_type=‘asm‘
*.large_pool_size=12M
*.remote_login_passwordfile=‘EXCLUSIVE‘


Now the SPFILE can be created using this PFILE:


sqlplus / as sysasm
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Mar 30 11:52:39 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options

SQL> create spfile=‘+OCRVOTE‘ from pfile=‘c:\tmp\asm_pfile.ora‘;

File created.
SQL> exit



12. shutdown CRS
Since CRS is running in exclusive mode, it needs to be shutdown to allow CRS to run on all nodes again. Use of the force (-f) option may be required:

$CRS_HOME/bin/crsctl stop crs -f
...
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on ‘auw2k3‘ has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.



13. start CRS
As the root user submit the CRS startup on all cluster nodes:

# $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl start crs
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.

** This step can take several minutes to run as a result of the changes we have made to the RAC configuration. Please wait about 5 minutes, and then check that all the CRS services are running:
$CRS_HOME\bin\crsctl status resource -t



14. Verify CRS

$CRS_HOME\bin\crsctl check cluster -all
$CRS_HOME\bin\crsctl status resource -t






Errors:

PROT-602: Failed to retrieve data from the cluster registry
PROC-26: Error while accessing the physical storage ASM error [SLOS: cat=8, pn=kgfolclcpi1, dep=210, loc=kgfokge
AMDU-00210: No disks found in diskgroup OCRVOTE
AMDU-00210: No disks found in diskgroup OCRVOTE

References

NOTE:1062983.1 - How to restore ASM based OCR after complete loss of the CRS diskgroup on Linux/Unix systems


--end--

11gR2 RAC 獨占模式replace votedisk遭遇PROC-26，restore ocr遭遇CRS-4000、PROT-35