nginx 動靜分離
隨著Nginx高性能Web服務器大量被使用,目前Nginx最新穩定版為1.2.6,張宴兄在實際應用中大量使用Nginx,並分享Nginx高性能Web服務器知識,使得Nginx在國內也是飛速的發展。那今天咱們再來溫習一下Nginx 動靜分離知識,這裏僅供參考。
一、實踐環境:
系統版本:CentOS6.0 X86_64
Nginx版本:Nginx-1.2.6
Tomcat版本:Tomcat-6.0.18
二、Nginx安裝:
實際環境中安裝Nginx,首先需要安裝pcre庫,然後再安裝Nginx:
#安裝pcre支持rewrite庫,也可以安裝源碼,註*安裝源碼時,指定pcre路徑為解壓源碼的路徑,而不是編譯後的路徑,否則會報錯。
yum install pcre-devel pcre -y
#下載Nginx源碼包
cd /usr/src ;wget -c http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
#解壓Nginx源碼包
tar -xzf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
#進入解壓目錄,然後sed修改Nginx版本信息為TDTWS
cd nginx-1.2.6 ; sed -i -e ‘s/1.2.6//g‘ -e ‘s/nginx\//TDTWS/g‘ -e ‘s/"NGINX"/"TDTWS"/g‘ src/core/nginx.h
#預編譯Nginx
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with
#.configure預編譯成功後,執行make命令進行編譯
make
#make執行成功後,執行make install 正式安裝
make install
#自此Nginx安裝完畢!!!
只配置Nginx。
#進入Nginx應用目錄
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
#備份原nginx.conf文件
mv nginx.conf nginx.bak
創建 vi nginx.conf ,並寫入如下內容:
user www www;
worker_processes 8;
worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 102400;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 102400;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
charset utf-8;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 4k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 300m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
client_body_buffer_size 512k;
proxy_connect_timeout 5;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 5;
proxy_buffer_size 16k;
proxy_buffers 4 64k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
###2012-12-19 change nginx logs
log_format main ‘$http_x_forwarded_for - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ‘
‘$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ‘
‘"$http_user_agent" $request_time $remote_addr‘;
#這裏為後端服務器wugk應用集群配置,根據後端實際情況修改即可,tdt_wugk為負載均衡名稱,可以任意指定
#但必須跟vhosts.conf虛擬主機的pass段一致,否則不能轉發後端的請求。
upstream tdt_wugk {
server 10.10.141.30:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 10.10.141.30:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 10.10.141.31:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 10.10.141.31:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 10.10.141.32:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 10.10.141.32:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
#這裏為後端APP應用負載均衡配置,根據後端實際情況修改即可。tdt_app為負載均衡名稱,可以任意指定
upstream tdt_app {
server 10.10.141.40:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 10.10.141.40:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 10.10.141.41:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 10.10.141.41:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 10.10.141.42:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 10.10.141.42:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
#include引用vhosts.conf,該文件主要用於配置Nginx 虛擬主機
include vhosts.conf;
}
如上nginx.conf配置完畢,繼續配置nginx虛擬主機,繼續在當前目錄創建vhosts.conf
vi vhosts.conf 內容如下:
####www.wuguangke.cn
server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.wuguangke.cn;
index index.html index.htm;
#配置發布目錄為/data/www/wugk
root /data/www/wugk;
location /
{
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://tdt_wugk;
expires 3d;
}
#動態頁面交給http://tdt_wugk,也即我們之前在nginx.conf定義的upstream tdt_wugk 均衡
location ~ .*\.(php|jsp|cgi)?$
{
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://tdt_wugk;
}
#配置Nginx動靜分離,定義的靜態頁面直接從Nginx發布目錄讀取。
location ~ .*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$
{
root /data/www/wugk;
#expires定義用戶瀏覽器緩存的時間為3天,如果靜態頁面不常更新,可以設置更長,這樣可以節省帶寬和緩解服務器的壓力
expires 3d;
}
#定義Nginx輸出日誌的路徑
access_log /data/logs/nginx_wugk/access.log main;
error_log /data/logs/nginx_wugk/error.log crit;
}
##########chinaapp.sinaapp.com 2012-12-19
server
{
listen 80;
server_name chinaapp.sinaapp.com;
index index.html index.htm;
root /data/www;
location /
{
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://tdt_app;
expires 3d;
}
location ~ .*\.(php|jsp|cgi)?$
{
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://tdt_app;
}
location ~ .*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$
{
root /data/www/app;
expires 3d;
}
access_log /data/logs/nginx_app/access.log main;
error_log /data/logs/nginx_app/error.log crit;
}
四、部署測試:
後端配置好Tomcat服務,並啟動,發布的程序需同步到Nginx的/data/www對應的目錄,因為配置動靜分離後,用戶請求你定義的靜態頁面,默認會去nginx的發布目錄請求,而不會到後端請求,所以這時候你要保證後端跟前端的程序保持一致,可以使用Rsync做服務端自動同步。
#檢查Nginx配置文件是否配置正確,提示Ok and successful表示正確,如下:
[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
#啟動Nginx服務
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
#查看Nginx進程是否啟動
ps -ef |grep nginx
本文出自 “梁明月” 博客,謝絕轉載!
nginx 動靜分離