11、oracle 表空間
創建和管理表空間
1、創建表空間例子
select name from v$datafile;
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
create tablespace test datafile ‘/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/test01.dbf‘ size 10m autoextend on next 1m;
select name from v$datafile;
set long 1000
set pages 1000
set lines 120
查看真正的表空間創建語句；
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl(‘TABLESPACE‘,‘TEST‘) from dual;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TEST" DATAFILE
‘/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/test01.dbf‘ SIZE 10485760
AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1048576 MAXSIZE 32767M
LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT
NOCOMPRESS SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
create tablespace ttt datafile ‘/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/ttt.dbf‘ size 10m;
create tablespace rrr datafile ‘/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/rrr.dbf‘ size 10m uniform size 1m;
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl(‘TABLESPACE‘,‘TTT‘) from dual;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TTT" DATAFILE
‘/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/ttt.dbf‘ SIZE 10485760
LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT
NOCOMPRESS SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl(‘TABLESPACE‘,‘RRR‘) from dual;
CREATE TABLESPACE "RRR" DATAFILE
‘/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/rrr.dbf‘ SIZE 10485760
LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM SIZE 1048576 DEFAULT
NOCOMPRESS SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
create table t tablespace ttt as select * from scott.emp;
create table r tablespace rrr as select * from scott.emp;
insert into t select * from t;
insert into r select * from r;
col SEGMENT_NAME for a20;
select SEGMENT_NAME,FILE_ID,EXTENT_ID,BLOCK_ID,BLOCKS from dba_extents where SEGMENT_NAME in (‘T‘,‘R‘);
2、刪除表空間
drop tablespace ttt;
SQL> drop tablespace ttt;
drop tablespace ttt
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01549: tablespace not empty, use INCLUDING CONTENTS option
drop tablespace ttt including contents; //小心
刪除了表空間，數據文件還在
[[email protected] orcl]$ ll
total 1590248
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 9748480 May 29 05:11 control01.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 9748480 May 29 05:11 control02.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 52429312 May 29 03:16 redo01.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 52429312 May 29 03:16 redo02.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 52429312 May 29 05:11 redo03.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 10493952 May 29 04:41 rrr.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 555753472 May 29 05:05 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 775954432 May 29 05:08 system01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 30416896 May 29 03:16 temp01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 10493952 May 29 03:50 test01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 10493952 May 29 05:07 ttt.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 73408512 May 29 05:05 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 13115392 May 29 03:16 users01.dbf
查看表空間下面有哪些表（RRR大小寫區分）
select owner,table_name from dba_tables where tablespace_name=‘RRR‘;
查看用戶的默認表空間：
select default_tablespace from dba_users where username=‘SCOTT‘;
刪除表空間，同時刪除數據文件
drop tablespace rrr including contents and datafiles; //小心
desc dba_tablespaces;
select TABLESPACE_NAME,EXTENT_MANAGEMENT,ALLOCATION_TYPE,SEGMENT_SPACE_MANAGEMENT from dba_tablespaces order by 1;
SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME,EXTENT_MANAGEMENT,ALLOCATION_TYPE,SEGMENT_SPACE_MANAGEMENT from dba_tab
lespaces order by 1;
TABLESPACE_NAME EXTENT_MAN ALLOCATIO SEGMEN
------------------------------ ---------- --------- ------
RRR LOCAL UNIFORM AUTO
SYSAUX LOCAL SYSTEM AUTO
SYSTEM LOCAL SYSTEM MANUAL
TEMP LOCAL UNIFORM MANUAL
TEST LOCAL SYSTEM AUTO
UNDOTBS1 LOCAL SYSTEM MANUAL
USERS LOCAL SYSTEM AUTO
7 rows selected.
數據文件信息
select * from dba_data_files;
關聯數據文件及表空間文件
col FILE_NAME for a50;
col TABLESPACE_NAME for a10;
select b.FILE_NAME,a.TABLESPACE_NAME,a.EXTENT_MANAGEMENT,a.ALLOCATION_TYPE,a.SEGMENT_SPACE_MANAGEMENT from dba_tablespaces a ,dba_data_files b where a.TABLESPACE_NAME=b. TABLESPACE_NAME order by 1;
SQL> col FILE_NAME for a50;
SQL> /
FILE_NAME TABLESPACE EXTENT_MAN ALLOCATIO SEGMEN
-------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- --------- ------
/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/rrr.dbf RRR LOCAL UNIFORM AUTO
/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX LOCAL SYSTEM AUTO
/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf SYSTEM LOCAL SYSTEM MANUAL
/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/test01.dbf TEST LOCAL SYSTEM AUTO
/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf UNDOTBS1 LOCAL SYSTEM MANUAL
/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf USERS LOCAL SYSTEM AUTO
下面是ASM的結果：
col FILE_NAME for a40;
col TABLESPACE_NAME for a10;
FILE_NAME TABLESPACE EXTENT_MAN ALLOCATIO SEGMEN
---------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- --------- ------
+DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.94330143 EXAMPLE LOCAL SYSTEM AUTO
3
+DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.257.943301251 SYSAUX LOCAL SYSTEM AUTO
+DATA/orcl/datafile/system.256.943301251 SYSTEM LOCAL SYSTEM MANUAL
+DATA/orcl/datafile/tbs.dbf TBS_16K LOCAL SYSTEM AUTO
+DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.258.9433012 UNDOTBS1 LOCAL SYSTEM MANUAL
51
+DATA/orcl/datafile/users.259.943301251 USERS LOCAL SYSTEM AUTO
3、擴大表空間
create tablespace tttt datafile ‘/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/tttt.dbf‘ size 1m;
create table t tablespace tttt as select * from scott.emp;
insert into t select * from t;
SQL> /
insert into t select * from t
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01653: unable to extend table SYS.T by 8 in tablespace TTTT
解決方法：
增加數據文件
alter tablespace tttt add datafile ‘/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/tttt02.dbf‘ size 1m;
alter tablespace tttt add datafile ‘/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/tttt03.dbf‘ size 1m autoextend on next 1m; 自動擴展
select tablespace_name,file_name,bytes/1024/1024||‘M‘ from dba_data_files where tablespace_name=‘TTTT‘;
或者
alter database datafile ‘/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/tttt02.dbf‘ resize 100m;
alter tablespace tttt drop datafile ‘/u02/oracle/oradata/orcl/tttt02.dbf‘ size 1m;
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11、oracle 表空間