學生成績信息管理
/*
題目：學生成績管理系統
功能：學生成績管理系統，每個學生是一個記錄，包括學號，姓名，性別，3門課程成績。系統
要求實現以下功能：
1、信息錄入：錄入學生成績信息（包括學生學號、姓名、各門課程的成績等）；
2、信息查詢：輸入學號，查詢學生各門課程的成績，並顯示。
3、排序：按各門課程的成績平均分進行排序，並顯示。
4、信息刪除與修改——輸入學號，刪除該學生的成績信息。
*/
#include<iostream>
#include <string>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;
class StudentData
{//建立學生類
public:
string name; double average;
double math, english, chinese, chemistry, biology, physics, number;
StudentData *next;
StudentData *pre;
void insertdate()
{ cin >> chinese >> math >> english >> physics >> chemistry >> biology; }
void setlang() { cin >> chinese; }
void setmath() { cin >> math; }
void setenglish() { cin >> english; }
void setphysics() { cin >> physics; }
void setchemistry() { cin >> chemistry; }
void setbiology() { cin >> biology; }//輸入各科成績
} ;
struct linklist
{//帶頭指針和尾指針的雙向鏈表
StudentData *head, *present;//頭指針和當前指針
void insert_one();
void delete_data();
void setdata();
bool check();
void creat();
void output();
void setmore();
void averagerank();
}X;
void linklist::output()
{//打印鏈表，輸出學生信息
cout << " 姓名 學號 語文 數學 英語 物理 化學 生物 平均分" << endl;
present = head;
while (present->next != NULL)
{//不取尾結點，尾節點為空
present->average = (present->chinese + present->math + present->english + present->physics + present->chemistry + present->biology) / 6;
cout << setw(12)<< present->name << setw(12) << present->number << setw(8) << present->chinese << setw(8) << present->math << setw(8) << present->english
<< setw(8) << present->physics << setw(8) << present->chemistry << setw(8) << present->biology << setw(16) << present->average <<endl;
present = present->next;
}
}
void linklist::creat()
{//創建空結點
present = new StudentData;
head = present;
present->next = NULL;
present->pre = NULL;
}
void linklist::insert_one()
{
present = new StudentData;
head->pre = present;
present->next = head;
head = present;
present->pre = NULL;//新加一個學生數據加在表頭
cout << "請輸入學生姓名: ";
cin >> present->name;
cout << "請輸入學號：";
cin >> present->number;
cout << "請一次輸入語文，數學，英語，物理，化學，生物各科成績：" << endl;
present->insertdate(); //輸入成績
}
void linklist::delete_data()
{//刪除學生信息
//string studentnam;
int sigh = 0;
cout << "請輸入要刪除的學生學號： ";
if (check())
{
if (present->pre == NULL)
{
head = present->next;
delete present;
present = head;
}
if (present->pre != NULL)
{
present->pre->next = present->next;
present->next->pre = present->pre;
head = present->pre;
delete present;
}
cout << "刪除數據成功！" << endl;
}
else cout << "刪除失敗。" << endl;
}
bool linklist::check()
{//按學號查找並輸出學生信息
present = head;
int idnumber;
cin >> idnumber;
while (present->next != NULL)
{
if (idnumber == present->number)
{
present->average = (present->chinese + present->math + present->english + present->physics + present->chemistry + present->biology) / 6;
cout << " 姓名 學號 語文 數學 英語 物理 化學 生物 平均分" << endl;
cout << setw(12) << present->name << setw(12) << present->number << setw(8) << present->chinese << setw(8) << present->math << setw(8) << present->english
<< setw(8) << present->physics << setw(8) << present->chemistry << setw(8) << present->biology << setw(16) << present->average << endl;
return true;
}
else
{
present = present->next;
continue;
}
}
cout << "查無此人！" << endl;
return false;
}
void linklist::setdata()
{//修改學生成績
int subject;
cout << "請輸入學生的學號: ";
if (check())
{ while (1)
{//設置個循環修改成績，按0或者超出選項退出循環
cout << " 1.語文 2.數學" << endl
<< " 3.英語 4.物理" << endl
<< " 5.化學 6. 生物" << endl
<< " 0.返回上級菜單 " << endl;
cout << "請輸入需要修改的科目編號及成績: ";
cin >> subject;
switch (subject)
{
case 1:present->setlang();break;
case 2:present->setmath();break;
case 3:present->setenglish();break;
case 4:present->setphysics();break;
case 5:present->setchemistry();break;
case 6:present->setbiology();break;
case 0:cout << "回到上級菜單" << endl;;return;
default:
{
cout << "回到上級菜單。" << endl;//這行可以不要
return;
}
}
cout << "修改成功！" << endl;
}
}
}
void linklist::setmore()
{//通過循環次數來控制插入人數
cout << "請輸入添加學生人數： ";
int n;
cin >> n;
while (n--) insert_one();
}
void linklist::averagerank()
{//註意鏈表的尾結點是默認值，因為在創建鏈表的時候是在空節點上逆序創建的
int h = 0, k = 0; present = head;
L:
while (present->next->next != NULL)
{
h = k;
if (present->average <= present->next->average)
{
present = present->next;
}//無需互換
if (present->average > present->next->average&&present->pre == NULL)
{
k++;
present->next = present->next->next;
present->next->pre->next = present;
present->pre = present->next->pre;
present->next->pre = present;
present->pre->pre = NULL;
}//頭節點處鏈表間互換
if(present->average > present->next->average&&present->pre != NULL)
{
if (present->next->next != NULL)
{//最後一個空結點不納入考慮
k++;
present->pre->next = present->next;
present->next = present->next->next;
present->pre->next->next = present;
present->pre->next->pre = present->pre;
present->pre = present->pre->next;
present->next->pre = present;
}
}
while (h != k)
{//若一次完整循環下來沒有順序變化，退出
while (present->pre != NULL) { present = present->pre; } goto L;
}
}
while (present->pre != NULL) { present = present->pre; }
head = present;//因為頭結點不為空，修改完後可能會被改變，此處從新定位頭結點
cout << " 姓名 學號 語文 數學 英語 物理 化學 生物 平均分" << endl;
do{
present->average = (present->chinese + present->math + present->english + present->physics + present->chemistry + present->biology) / 6;
cout << setw(12) << present->name << setw(12) << present->number << setw(8) << present->chinese << setw(8) << present->math << setw(8) << present->english
<< setw(8) << present->physics << setw(8) << present->chemistry << setw(8) << present->biology << setw(16) << present->average << endl;
present = present->next;
} while (present->next != NULL);
}
int main()
{
cout << " " << endl;
cout << " 學生信息管理系統 " << endl;
cout << " " << endl;
cout << " 1.添加一個學生信息 2.查詢學生信息" << endl;
cout << " 3.刪除學生信息 4.將學生信息列表輸出" << endl;
cout << " 5.修改學生成績 6.批量輸入任意個數學生信息" << endl;;
cout << " 7.按各門成績平均分進行排序 0.退出系統 " << endl;
cout << " " << endl;
X.creat();//先建空表
while (true) {
int choise;
cout << endl<<"請輸入相應操作序號： " ;
cin >> choise;
switch (choise)
{
case 1: X.insert_one();break;
case 2:
{
cout << "請輸入查詢學生的學號： ";
X.check(); break;
}
case 3: X.delete_data();break;
case 4: X.output();break;
case 5: X.setdata();break;
case 6: X.setmore();break;
case 7: X.averagerank();break;
case 0:
break;
default:
cout << "對不起，有關功能正在開發！" << endl;break;
}
if (!choise) break;
}
return 0;
}
學生成績信息管理