一、兩個字符串的對比

1、兩個字符串的對比輸出

#!/bin/env python

import difflib

text1 = """text1:

This module provides classes and functions for comparing sequences v7.5"""

text1_lines = text1.splitlines()

text2 = """text2:

This module provides classes and functions for comparing sequences v7.4"""

text2_lines = text2.splitlines()

d = difflib.Differ()

diff = d.compare(text1_lines,text2_lines)

print ‘\n‘.join(list(diff))

本示例采用Differ()類對兩個字符串進行比較，另外difflib的sequenceMatcher()類支持任意類型序列的比較，HtmlDiff()類支持將比較結果輸出為HTML格式，示例運行結果如圖2-1所示

2、生成美觀的對比HTML格式文檔

采用HtmlDiff()類的make_file()方法就可以生成美觀的HTML文檔，對示例1中代碼按以下進行修改：

d = difflib.Differ()

diff = d.compare(text1_lines,text2_lines)

print ‘\n‘.join(list(diff))

替換成：

d = difflib.HtmlDiff()

print d.make_file(text1_lines,text2_lines)

將新文件命名為diff2.py。運行#python diff2.py,再使用瀏覽器打開diff.html文件，結果如果2-2所示，HTML文檔包括了行號、差異標誌、圖例等信息，可讀性增強了許多。

二、兩個文件的對比

shell # vi diff3.py

#!/bin/env python

import difflib

import sys

try:

textfile1=sys.argv[1]

textfile2=sys.argv[2]

except Exception,e:

print "Error:"+str(e)

print "Usage: diff2.py filename1 filename2"

sys.exit()

def readfile(filename):

try:

fileHandle = open(filename, ‘rb‘)

text = fileHandle.read().splitlines()

fileHandle.close()

return text

except IOError as error:

print (‘Read file Error:‘+str(error))

sys.exit()

if textfile1=="" or textfile2=="":

print "Usage:diff3.py filename1 finename2"

sys.exit()

text1_lines = readfile(textfile1)

text2_lines = readfile(textfile2)

d = difflib.HtmlDiff()

print d.make_file(text1_lines,text2_lines)

從圖2-3中可以看出diff.py和diff2.py的差別

本文出自 “chuck的博客” 博客，請務必保留此出處http://chuckzeng.blog.51cto.com/10524728/1942770

文件內容差異對比方法