Tomcat優化
優化Tomcat分為四個方面:
1、優化配置
2、優化內存
3、優化並發
4、優化緩存
===================================================================================================
一、配置優化
舊的配置:
參考網絡對服務器做過如下配置
1 <Connector port="9027" 2 3 protocol="HTTP/1.1" 4 5 maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" 6 7 maxThreads="1000" 8 9 minSpareThreads="25" 10 11 maxSpareThreads="75" 12 13 enableLookups="false" 14 15 compression="on" 16 17 compressionMinSize="2048" 18 19 compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml,text/javascript,text/css,text/plain" 20 21 connectionTimeout="20000" 22 23 URIEncoding="utf-8" 24 25 acceptCount="200" 2627 redirectPort="8443" 28 29 disableUploadTimeout="true" />
後來發現在訪問量達到3 百萬多的時候出現性能瓶頸
更改後的配置:
1 <Connector port="9027" 2 3 protocol="HTTP/1.1" 4 5 maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" 6 7 maxThreads="1000" 8 9 minSpareThreads="100" 10 11 maxSpareThreads="1000" 12 13 minProcessors="100" 14 15 maxProcessors="1000" 16 17 enableLookups="false" 18 19 compression="on" 20 21 compressionMinSize="2048" 22 23 compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml,text/javascript,text/css,text/plain" 24 25 connectionTimeout="20000" 26 27 URIEncoding="utf-8" 28 29 acceptCount="1000" 30 31 redirectPort="8443" 32 33 disableUploadTimeout="true"/>
二、內存優化
Tomcat內存優化主要是對 tomcat 啟動參數優化,我們可以在 tomcat 的啟動腳本 catalina.sh 中設置 java_OPTS 參數。
JAVA_OPTS 參數說明:
-server 啟用jdk 的 server 版;
-Xms Java虛擬機初始化時的最小內存;
-Xmx java虛擬機可使用的最大內存;
-XX: PermSize 內存永久保留區域
-XX:MaxPermSize 內存最大永久保留區域
服務器參數配置
1 [[email protected] ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh 2 3 ······ 4 5 234 #JAVA_OPTS="$JAVA_OPTS -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=`umask`" 6 7 將這行修改為 8 9 JAVA_OPTS=" -Xms1024m -Xmx2048m -XX:PermSize=256M -XX:MaxNewSize=256m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m"
配置完成後可重啟Tomcat ,通過以下命令進行查看配置是否生效:
首先查看Tomcat 進程號:
1 [[email protected] ~]# ps aux | grep :8080 2 root 9438 0.0 0.0 103324 884 pts/0 S+ 16:38 0:00 grep :8080 3 4 [[email protected] bin]# ps aux | grep java 5 root 1552 25.9 8.3 4065032 159156 pts/0 Sl 00:44 0:05 /usr/local/java/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Xms1024m -Xmx2048m -XX:PermSize=256M -XX:MaxNewSize=256m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -Djava.endorsed.dirs=/usr/local/tomcat/endorsed -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start 6 7 [[email protected] bin]# jmap -heap 1552 8 Attaching to process ID 1552, please wait... 9 Debugger attached successfully. 10 Server compiler detected. 11 JVM version is 24.65-b04 12 13 using thread-local object allocation. 14 Parallel GC with 4 thread(s) 15 16 Heap Configuration: 17 MinHeapFreeRatio = 0 18 MaxHeapFreeRatio = 100 19 MaxHeapSize = 2147483648 (2048.0MB) 20 NewSize = 1310720 (1.25MB) 21 MaxNewSize = 268435456 (256.0MB) 22 OldSize = 5439488 (5.1875MB) 23 NewRatio = 2 24 SurvivorRatio = 8 25 PermSize = 268435456 (256.0MB) 26 MaxPermSize = 268435456 (256.0MB) 27 G1HeapRegionSize = 0 (0.0MB) 28 29 Heap Usage: 30 PS Young Generation 31 Eden Space: 32 capacity = 201326592 (192.0MB) 33 used = 124955872 (119.16720581054688MB) 34 free = 76370720 (72.83279418945312MB) 35 62.0662530263265% used 36 From Space: 37 capacity = 33554432 (32.0MB) 38 used = 0 (0.0MB) 39 free = 33554432 (32.0MB) 40 0.0% used 41 To Space: 42 capacity = 33554432 (32.0MB) 43 used = 0 (0.0MB) 44 free = 33554432 (32.0MB) 45 0.0% used 46 PS Old Generation 47 capacity = 805306368 (768.0MB) 48 used = 0 (0.0MB) 49 free = 805306368 (768.0MB) 50 0.0% used 51 PS Perm Generation 52 capacity = 268435456 (256.0MB) 53 used = 14604864 (13.92828369140625MB) 54 free = 253830592 (242.07171630859375MB) 55 5.440735816955566% used 56 57 8958 interned Strings occupying 742584 bytes.
我們可以看到MaxHeapSize 等參數已經生效。
三、並發優化
1.Tomcat連接相關參數
在Tomcat 配置文件 server.xml 中的
1 <Connector port="9027" 2 3 protocol="HTTP/1.1" 4 5 maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" 6 7 minProcessors="100" 8 9 maxProcessors="1000" 10 11 acceptCount="1000" 12 13 redirectPort="8443" 14 15 disableUploadTimeout="true"/>
2.調整連接器connector的並發處理能力
1>參數說明
maxThreads 客戶請求最大線程數
minSpareThreads Tomcat初始化時創建的 socket 線程數
maxSpareThreads Tomcat連接器的最大空閑 socket 線程數
enableLookups 若設為true, 則支持域名解析,可把 ip 地址解析為主機名
redirectPort 在需要基於安全通道的場合,把客戶請求轉發到基於SSL 的 redirectPort 端口
acceptAccount 監聽端口隊列最大數,滿了之後客戶請求會被拒絕(不能小於maxSpareThreads )
connectionTimeout 連接超時
minProcessors 服務器創建時的最小處理線程數
maxProcessors 服務器同時最大處理線程數
URIEncoding URL統一編碼
2>Tomcat中的配置示例
1 <Connector port="9027" 2 3 protocol="HTTP/1.1" 4 5 maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" 6 7 maxThreads="1000" 8 9 minSpareThreads="100" 10 11 maxSpareThreads="1000" 12 13 minProcessors="100" 14 15 maxProcessors="1000" 16 17 enableLookups="false" 18 19 URIEncoding="utf-8" 20 21 acceptCount="1000" 22 23 redirectPort="8443" 24 25 disableUploadTimeout="true"/>
四、緩存優化
1>參數說明
c ompression 打開壓縮功能
compressionMinSize 啟用壓縮的輸出內容大小,這裏面默認為2KB
compressableMimeType 壓縮類型
connectionTimeout 定義建立客戶連接超時的時間. 如果為 -1, 表示不限制建立客戶連接的時間
2>Tomcat中的配置示例
1 <Connector port="9027" 2 3 protocol="HTTP/1.1" 4 5 maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" 6 7 maxThreads="1000" 8 9 minSpareThreads="100" 10 11 maxSpareThreads="1000" 12 13 minProcessors="100" 14 15 maxProcessors="1000" 16 17 enableLookups="false" 18 19 compression="on" 20 21 compressionMinSize="2048" 22 23 compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml,text/javascript,text/css,text/plain" 24 25 connectionTimeout="20000" 26 27 URIEncoding="utf-8" 28 29 acceptCount="1000" 30 31 redirectPort="8443" 32 33 disableUploadTimeout="true"/>
Tomcat優化