Nginx(十一)-- keepalived簡介
1. 什麽是keepalived
基於VRRP(虛擬路由器冗余協議)來實現對web服務的高可用方案。
keepalived下載地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/u010821757/9892484
2.安裝keepalived服務器
1.將keepalived-1.3.4.zip解壓到/usr/java目錄
unzip keepalived-1.3.4.zip
2.進入到keepalived
cd keepalived
3.編譯安裝
./conf 按 Tab鍵提示不出來,不能自動補全
4.發現沒有權限,接下來就要賦權
chmod +x configure
5.在/usr/java中創建一個文件夾 keepalived
mkdir keepalived
6.進入 keepalived-1.3.4文件夾中,然後編譯安裝
./configure --prefix=/usr/java/keepalived --sysconf=/etc
說明:當keepalived啟動的時候,會默認讀取 etc下的keepalived.conf,所以安裝的時候就指向/etc
7.執行6的時候,可能會出現缺少依賴openssl,解決方法,安裝openssl
yum install openssl-devel
8.安裝
make && make install
出現上圖,表示安裝成功!
9.設置成系統服務
1) 進入到源碼包,即 /usr/java/keepalived-1.3.4
2) 建立軟連接(相當於快捷方式)
2.1) 把啟動腳本添加到系統/sbin中,ln -s /usr/java/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin
2.2) 復制源碼路徑中的keepalived復制到/etc/init.d中:cp /usr/java/keepalived-1.3.4/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
3) 添加到系統服務中
chkconfig --add keepalived
4) 設置服務啟動
chkconfig keepalived on
5) 啟動服務
service keepalived start,出現:
說明沒有權限,賦權:chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived
重新啟動:service keepalived start
出現上圖,即啟動成功,我們可以查看進程:ps -ef|grep keepalived
3.keepalived配置文件
- global_defs 全局配置
- vrrp_instance VI_1
- virtual_server lvs配置
1) global_defs 全局配置
global_defs {
notification_email { # 設置報警的郵件,如果keepalived出現問題,會發郵件到下面的郵箱
[email protected] # 每一行代表一個郵箱,可配置多個
[email protected]
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected] # 由哪一個郵箱發送,即發件箱
smtp_server 192.168.200.1 # 郵件服務地址
smtp_connect_timeout 30 # 超時時間
router_id LVS_DEVEL # 唯一的一個名字,運行keepalived的唯一標識
vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
vrrp_strict
vrrp_garp_interval 0
vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
2) vrrp_instance VI_1
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER #當前keepalived的狀態
interface eth0 # 高可用的檢測端口 和 網卡名稱
virtual_router_id 51 # 虛擬路由的標識
priority 100 # 權重,節點優先級
advert_int 1 # 主備服務器檢查的時間,單位秒
authentication { # master和backup的通訊驗證,
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress { # 虛擬IP地址
192.168.200.16
192.168.200.17
192.168.200.18
}
}
3) virtual_server lvs配置
virtual_server 192.168.200.100 443 { # 虛擬IP對應的真實IP
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind NAT
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.201.100 443 {
weight 1
SSL_GET {
url {
path /
digest ff20ad2481f97b1754ef3e12ecd3a9cc
}
url {
path /mrtg/
digest 9b3a0c85a887a256d6939da88aabd8cd
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}
Nginx(十一)-- keepalived簡介