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【轉載】Stanford CoreNLP Typed Dependencies

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總結自Stanford typed dependencies manual

原文鏈接:http://www.jianshu.com/p/5c461cf096c4

依存關系描述句子中詞與詞之間的各種語法關系。一句句子可以表示成如下的依存關系樹。

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CoreNLP中的依存關系有50來種(都是二元的關系),下面總結:

    • 1. acomp: adjectival complement
      用於動詞的形容詞補語。
      動詞-->形容詞
      “She looks very beautiful.” acomp(looks,beautiful)

    • 2. advcl: adverbial clause modifier
      修飾動詞的狀語從句。
      主句中的動詞-->從句中的主要成分
      “The accident happened as the night was falling” advcl(happened, falling)

    • 3. advmod: adverb modifier
      (非從句)的副詞。
      被修飾者-->副詞
      “Genetically modified food” advmod(modified, genetically)

    • 4. agent: agent
      用於補充過去時態的動詞,通常跟著介詞“by”。
      過去時態的動詞-->補充的名詞
      “The man has been killed by the police” agent(killed, police)

    • 5. amod: adjectival modifier
      修飾名詞短語的形容修飾語。
      名詞短語-->形容修飾語
      “Sam eats red meat” amod(meat, red)

    • 6. appos: appostional modifier
      修飾名詞短語的名詞短語(通常緊挨著)
      被修飾的名詞短語-->名詞短語
      “Bill ( John ’s cousin ) ” appos(Bill, cousin)

    • 7. aux: auxiliary
      助動詞
      動詞-->助動詞
      “Reagan has died ”aux(died, has)

    • 8. auxpass: passive auxiliary
      過去式的助動詞
      動詞-->過去式的助動詞
      “Kennedy has been killed” auxpass(killed, been)

    • 9. cc: coordination
      第一個並列詞--> 協同關系詞
      “Bill is big and honest” cc(big, and)

    • 10. ccomp: clausal complement
      被補充說明的詞-->補語從句的主要成分(決定語義的詞)
      “He says that you like to swim” ccomp(says, like)

    • 11. conj: conjunct
      用協同連詞(and、or)連接的兩個元素
      第一個元素-->第二個元素
      “Bill is big and honest” conj(big, honest)

    • 12. cop: copula
      系動詞
      表語-->系動詞
      “Bill is big” cop(big, is)

    • 13. csubj: clausual subject
      主語從句
      謂語動詞-->主語從句中的主要成分
      “What she said makes sense” csubj(makes, said)

    • 14. csubjpass: clausal passive subject
      主從被動關系
      謂語動詞(被動)-->主語從句中的主要成分
      “That she lied was suspected by everyone” csubjpass(suspected, lied)

    • 15. dep: dependent
      系統無法識別的依賴關系
      “Then, as if to show that he could, . . . ” dep(show, if)

    • 16. det: determiner
      限定詞
      名詞短語-->限定詞
      “The man is here” det(man, the)

    • 17. discourse: discourse element
      句子主要部分-->感嘆詞、語氣詞
      "Iguazu is in Argentina :) " discourse(is, :))

    • 18. dobj: direct object
      動詞(給予)-->直接賓語
      “She gave me a raise” dobj(gave, raise)

    • 19. expl: expletive
      從句的主要動詞-->there
      “There is a ghost in the room” expl(is, There)

    • 20. goeswith: goes with
      兩個本來應該連在一起的詞
      第二部分-->第一部分
      They come here with out legal permission gosewith(out, with)

    • 21. iobj: indirect object
      動詞(給予)-->間接賓語
      “She gave me a raise” iobj(gave, me)

    • 22. mark: marker
      從句的主要成分-->從句修飾的主體(標記語)
      ”He says that you like to swim“ marker(swim,that)

    • 23. mwe: multi-word expression
      固定搭配
      “I like dogs as well as cats” mwe(well, as)

    • 24. neg: negation modifier
      否定修飾
      被修飾詞-->否定詞
      “Bill is not a scientist” neg(scientist, not)

    • 25. nn: noun compound modifier
      名詞合成修飾
      “Oil price futures” nn(futures, oil) nn(futures, price)

    • 26. npadvmod: noun phrase as adverbial modifier
      名詞短語作為副詞修飾
      副詞修飾的詞-->名詞
      “The director is 65 years old” npadvmod(old, years)

    • 27. nsubj: nominal subject
      名詞性主語
      句子的主要成分(一般是動詞)-->主語
      “Clinton defeated Dole” nsubj(defeated, Clinton)

    • 28. nsubjpass: passive nominal subject
      被動的名詞主語
      句子的主要成分-->主語(被動)
      “Dole was defeated by Clinton” nsubjpass(defeated, Dole)

    • 29. num: numeric modifier
      數詞
      名詞-->數量
      “Sam ate 3 sheep” num(sheep, 3)

    • 30. number: element of compound number
      復合形式的數詞
      “I have four thousand sheep” number(thousand, four)

    • 31. parataxis: parataxis
      並列
      主要動詞-->並列句的主要成分
      “The guy, John said, left early in the morning” parataxis(left, said)

    • 32. pcomp: prepositional complement
      介詞的補語
      介詞-->從句的主要成分
      “We have no information on whether users are at risk” pcomp(on, are)

    • 33. pobj: object of a preposition
      介詞的賓語
      介詞-->賓語
      “I sat on the chair” pobj(on, chair)

    • 34. poss: possession modifier
      所屬修飾
      擁有者-->擁有物品
      “their offices” poss(offices, their)

    • 35. possessive: possessive modifier
      所屬修飾
      擁有者-->‘s
      “Bill’s clothes” possessive(Bill, ’s)

    • 36. preconj: preconjunct
      名詞短語的前部-->連詞前面出現的詞(both、either、neither)
      “Both the boys and the girls are here” preconj(boys, both)

    • 37. predet: predeterminer
      名詞短語的前部-->在限定詞前面出現的詞
      “All the boys are here” predet(boys, all)

    • 38. prep: prepositional modifier
      介詞修飾
      名詞-->介詞
      “I saw a cat in a hat” prep(cat, in)

    • 39. prepc: prepositional clausal modifier
      介詞從句修飾
      主句主要詞-->從句主要詞
      “He purchased it without paying a premium” prepc without(purchased, paying)

    • 40. prt: phrasal verb particle
      動詞短語
      “They shut down the station” prt(shut, down)

    • 41. punct: punctuation
      標點
      “Go home!” punct(Go, !)

    • 42. quantmod: quantifier phrase modifier
      數量短語
      數量-->數量修飾
      “About 200 people came to the party” quantmod(200, About)

    • 43. rcmod: relative clause modifier
      關系從句修飾
      名詞短語的第一個詞-->關系動詞的主要詞
      “I saw the man you love” rcmod(man, love)

    • 44. ref: referent
      指代關系
      被指代詞-->指代詞
      “I saw the book which you bought” ref (book, which)

    • 45. root: root
      根節點
      “I love French fries.” root(ROOT, love)

    • 46. tmod: temporal modifier
      時間修飾
      句子主要詞(通常是動詞)-->時間詞
      “Last night, I swam in the pool” tmod(swam, night)

    • 47. vmod: reduced non-finite verbal modifier
      非謂語動詞(to do)修飾
      修飾對象-->非謂語動詞
      “Points to establish are . . . ” vmod(points, establish)

    • 48. xcomp: open clausal complement
      開放從句(缺少主語的從句)補語
      開放從句的補足對象(動詞)-->開放從句的動詞
      “He says that you like to swim” xcomp(like, swim)

    • 49. xsubj: controlling subject
      開放從句的動詞-->實際控制對象(名詞)
      “Tom likes to eat fish” xsubj(eat, Tom)

【轉載】Stanford CoreNLP Typed Dependencies