類的方法

1.靜態方法

class Dog(object):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name

    @staticmethod
    def eat(self):
        print("%s is eating %s" % (self.name,"apple"))

    def talk(self):
        print("%s is talking"% self.name)

ainemo=Dog("tom")
ainemo.eat(ainemo)
ainemo.talk()
#只是名義上歸類管理，實際上在靜態方法裏訪問不了實例中的任何屬性

顯示結果：
tom is eating apple
tom is talking
 

2.類方法

class Dog(object):
    name = "jack"   #只有類變量才能在“類方法”中起作用
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name    #實例變量不起作用

    @classmethod
    def eat(self):
        print("%s is eating %s" % (self.name,"apple"))

    def talk(self):
        print("%s is talking"% self.name)

d=Dog("tom")
d.eat()

#只能訪問類變量，不能訪問實例變量
顯示結果：
jack is eating apple
 

3.屬性方法

class Dog(object):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name
        self.__food = None

    @property   #attribute
    def eat(self):
        print("%s is eating %s" % (self.name,self.__food))

    @eat.setter
    def eat(self,food):
        print("food is %s" % food)
        #print("修改成功，%s is eating %s" % (self.name,food))
        self.__food = food

    @eat.deleter
    def eat(self):
        del self.__food
        print("刪完了")

    def talk(self):
        print("%s is talking"% self.name)

d=Dog("tom")
d.eat
d.eat="banana"
d.eat
#del d.eat　　#會報錯，因為將self.__food整個變量刪除了
 

#d.eat   

#把一個方法變成一個靜態屬性
顯示結果：
tom is eating None
food is banana
tom is eating banana

4.反射

1.hasattr

class Dog(object):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name

    def bulk(self):
        print("%s is yelling....." % self.name)

    def run(self):
        print("%s is running....." % self.name)

d = Dog("tom")
choice = input(">>:").strip()
print(hasattr(d,choice))

顯示結果：
>>:run
True

2.getattr

class Dog(object):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name

    def bulk(self):
        print("%s is yelling....." % self.name)

    def run(self):
        print("%s is running....." % self.name)

d = Dog("tom")
choice = input(">>:").strip()
# print(hasattr(d,choice))
#
print(getattr(d,choice))
getattr(d,choice)()

顯示結果：
>>:run
<bound method Dog.run of <__main__.Dog object at 0x000000B2BFDC98D0>>
tom is running.....

3.setattr

def eat(self):
    print("%s is eating....." %self.name)

class Dog(object):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name

    def bulk(self):
        print("%s is yelling....." % self.name)

    def run(self):
        print("%s is running....." % self.name)

d = Dog("tom")
choice = input(">>:").strip()
# print(hasattr(d,choice))
#
# print(getattr(d,choice))
# getattr(d,choice)()

if hasattr(d,choice):
    # attr = getattr(d,choice)
    setattr(d,choice,"jack")
    print(getattr(d,choice))
else:
    setattr(d,choice,eat)
    print(getattr(d,choice))
    d.eat(d)

顯示結果：
>>:eat
<function eat at 0x000000C37E183E18>
tom is eating....

第七節