謝煙客---------Linux之bash腳本編程---用戶交互
系統管理部分一:
分區、創建、查看、調整、掛載、文件系統的結構、硬鏈接、軟鏈接
腳本"語法錯誤"非邏輯錯誤檢測:
# bash -n script.sh
單獨執行,腳本執行每個代碼
# bash -x script.sh
+ 程序在執行
沒有+ 程序過程中應該輸出的信息
腳本的格式
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++非格式,用於分割++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#!/bin/bash ##魔數
# Version: major.minor.release (主版本呈,次版本呈,發行號)
# Author: ##作者
# Description: ##對腳本的描述信息
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++非格式,用於分割++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#號開頭為註釋
read命令
1、查看所有內建命令 [[email protected] ~]# enable -a enable . ... enable read ##內建命令 2、獲取幫助 [[email protected] ~]# help read Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields. 一行從標準輸入讀入後,以空白字符切割此行成字段,對位保存字段至變量中 ******用於特殊場景,需要人參與的場景********** read [OPTIONS....] [name...] -p "PROMPT" ## 提示 -t TIMEOUT ## 超時時長,單位為 秒 read -p "Enter a name: " name 相當於: echo -n "Enter a name: "; read name
使用示例
1、一行從標準輸入讀入後,切割此行成字段,對位保存字段至變量中
[[email protected] ~]# read name hello obama! [[email protected] ~]# echo $name hello obama! [[email protected] ~]# read name obama [[email protected] ~]# echo $name obama
2、對位保存字段釋義,如果多余的位,變量為空
[[email protected] ~]# read a b c hello obama! [[email protected]
3、等待用戶輸入命令
語法: read -p ‘PROMPT‘ name
相當於: echo -n "PROMPT" ; read name
[[email protected] ~]# printf "Enter a username: "; read name Enter a username: obama [[email protected] ~]# echo $name obama [[email protected] ~]#
4、避免用戶不輸入,堵塞在此處,給出超時。此時變量為空
[[email protected] ~]# read -t 5 -p ‘Enter a name: ‘ name Enter a name: [[email protected] ~]# echo $name [[email protected] ~]#
腳本示例:
提示用戶輸入一個設備文件,存在則顯示磁盤信息。
1、腳本
#!/bin/bash # Version: 0.0.1 # Author: Lcc.org # Desc: read testing read -t 5 -p ‘Enter a disk special file: ‘ diskfile [ -n "$diskfile" ] || exit 1 ## 不存在,則退出 if fdisk -l | fgrep "Disk $diskfile" > /dev/null 2>&1 then fdisk -l $diskfile ## 條件的執行狀態結果為0 exit 0 else echo "No such file." ## 條件的執行狀態結果不為0 exit 1 fi
2、檢測語法錯誤
[[email protected] scripts]# bash -n test.sh
3、給x權限
[[email protected] scripts]# chmod +x test.sh
4、給一個路徑測試
1、正確路徑 [[email protected] scripts]# ./test.sh Enter a disk special file: /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 128.8 GB, 128849018880 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 15665 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000777f3 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 12813 102400000 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda3 12813 14118 10489811 83 Linux /dev/sda4 14119 15665 12426277+ 5 Extended /dev/sda5 14119 15424 10490413+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris 2、錯誤路徑 [[email protected] scripts]# ./test.sh Enter a disk special file: how No such file. [[email protected] scripts]# echo $? 1 [[email protected] scripts]#
本文出自 “Reading” 博客,請務必保留此出處http://sonlich.blog.51cto.com/12825953/1955162
謝煙客---------Linux之bash腳本編程---用戶交互