8月15
備份數據文件:
SQL> select file_id, file_name from dba_data_files; 查文件對應的序列號
RMAN> backup datafile 4;
RMAN> backup datafile 4, 5;
RMAN> backup datafile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf‘;
RMAN> backup tablespace users;
RMAN> backup tablespace users, example;
RMAN> backup database;
RMAN> list backup;
desc v$backup_set,瀏覽器查看備份
增量備份:
RMAN> backup incremental level 0 tablespace users;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users;
SQL> create table t1(x int) tablespace users;
SQL> insert into t1 values (1);
SQL> commit;
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 tablespace users;
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 tablespace users;
SQL> create table t2(x int) tablespace users;
SQL> insert into t2 values (1);
SQL> commit;
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 cumulative tablespace users;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users;
開啟塊跟蹤:
SQL> alter database enable block change tracking using file ‘/home/oracle/blk_trk.chg‘;
需要重新連接會話
SQL> select * from v$block_change_tracking;
SQL> select DATAFILE_BLOCKS, BLOCKS_READ, BLOCKS, USED_CHANGE_TRACKING from v$backup_datafile where INCREMENTAL_LEVEL>0;
SQL> create table t3(x int) tablespace users;
SQL> insert into t3 values (1);
SQL> commit;
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 tablespace users;
SQL> select DATAFILE_BLOCKS, BLOCKS_READ, BLOCKS, USED_CHANGE_TRACKING from v$backup_datafile where INCREMENTAL_LEVEL>0;
SQL> alter database disable block change tracking; 關閉
增量更新:
SQL> create table t1(x int) tablespace users;
SQL> insert into t1 values (1);
SQL> commit;
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 for recover of copy with tag ‘update_copy‘ tablespace users; 第一次創建的是0級備份
RMAN> list copy; 記錄time和scn
SQL> insert into t1 values (2);
SQL> commit;
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 for recover of copy with tag ‘update_copy‘ tablespace users; 第2次創建的是1級備份
RMAN> list backup; backupset格式
RMAN> recover copy of tablespace users with tag ‘update_copy‘;
RMAN> list copy; time和scn更新
腳本形式:
RMAN> run {
backup incremental level 1 for recover of copy with tag ‘update_copy‘ tablespace users;
recover copy of tablespace users with tag ‘update_copy‘;
}
備份歸檔日誌:
RMAN> list archivelog all; 列出當前系統的所有歸檔日誌
RMAN> backup archivelog all delete all input; 備份歸檔日誌並刪除歸檔文件
RMAN> list archivelog all;
RMAN> list backup;
備份的維護:
查看:
RMAN> list backup;
RMAN> list copy;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users;
RMAN> list backup of datafile 4;
RMAN> list archivelog all;
檢查備份:
RMAN> delete backup; 刪除備份
RMAN> delete copy;
RMAN> list backup; list copy;
RMAN> report need backup; 根據策略檢查
RMAN> backup tablespace users;
RMAN> report need backup;
RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;
RMAN> report need backup;
RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY clear;
RMAN> report obsolete; 報告所有廢棄的。
刪除備份:
RMAN> delete backupset of tablespace users;
RMAN> delete backupset 1234;
RMAN> backup tablespace users;
RMAN> backup tablespace users;
RMAN> show all;
RMAN> delete obsolete;
crosscheck:交叉檢查
RMAN> delete backup;
RMAN> backup tablespace users;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users;
$ mv /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/… 改名
RMAN> restore datafile 4; 報錯
RMAN> crosscheck backup;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users; 報廢狀態
RMAN> list expired backup;
$ mv /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/… 恢復原名
RMAN> crosscheck backup;
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users; 可用狀態
RMAN> delete expired backup;
catalog:
$ cp /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/… 復制
RMAN> delete backup;
RMAN> list backup; backupset消失
$ mv /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/… 恢復原名
RMAN> catalog recovery area noprompt;
RMAN> list backup; backupset恢復
8月15