字符轉換指令tr，col，expand
阿新 • • 發佈：2017-08-28
linux tr col expand
tr -[dsx] seting ...
使用tr替換字符：
[[email protected] ~]$ last | head -n 5 | tr‘[a-z]‘ ‘[A-Z]‘ WHX PTS/0 192.168.21.1 SUN AUG 27 18:22 STILL LOGGED IN REBOOT SYSTEM BOOT 2.6.32-696.EL6.X SUNAUG 27 18:21 - 00:39 (06:18) WHX PTS/0 192.168.21.1 THU AUG 24 18:37 - 02:54 (08:17) WHX TTY1 :0 THU AUG 24 18:36 - DOWN (08:18) REBOOT SYSTEM BOOT 2.6.32-696.EL6.X THUAUG 24 18:35 - 02:55 (08:19) [[email protected] ~]$ last | head -n 5 whx pts/0 192.168.21.1 Sun Aug 27 18:22 still logged in reboot system boot 2.6.32-696.el6.x SunAug 27 18:21 - 00:39 (06:18) whx pts/0 192.168.21.1 Thu Aug 24 18:37 - 02:54 (08:17) whx tty1 :0 Thu Aug 24 18:36 - down (08:18) reboot system boot 2.6.32-696.el6.x ThuAug 24 18:35 - 02:55 (08:19)
添加-d參數刪除字符：
[[email protected] ~]$ cat /etc/passwd |head -n5 root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin [[email protected] ~]$ cat /etc/passwd |head -n5 |tr -d ‘:‘ rootx00root/root/bin/bash binx11bin/bin/sbin/nologin daemonx22daemon/sbin/sbin/nologin admx34adm/var/adm/sbin/nologin lpx47lp/var/spool/lpd/sbin/nologin
添加-s參數去除重復字符：
[[email protected] ~]$ echo ‘thissss issss aaaa test‘|tr -s ‘sa‘ this is a test
col常用於將man page轉存為純文本文件以方便查閱。
col -x 將tab替換成對等的空格鍵
[[email protected] ~]$ cat /etc/man.config | tail -10 | col -x |cat -A|tail -10 #$ # Enable/disable makewhatis database cronupdates.$ # If MAKEWHATISDBUPDATES variable isuncommented$ # and set to n or N, cron scripts$ # /etc/cron.daily/makewhatis.cron$ # /etc/cron.weekly/makewhatis.cron$ # will not update makewhatis database.$ # Otherwise the database will be updated.$ #$ #MAKEWHATISDBUPDATES n$ [[email protected] ~]$ cat /etc/man.config | tail -10 | cat -A #$ # Enable/disable makewhatis database cronupdates.$ # If MAKEWHATISDBUPDATES variable isuncommented$ # and set to n or N, cron scripts $ # /etc/cron.daily/makewhatis.cron$ # /etc/cron.weekly/makewhatis.cron$ # will not update makewhatis database.$ # Otherwise the database will be updated.$ # $ #MAKEWHATISDBUPDATES^In$
expand轉換指令：
expand [-t] file
使用-t參數設置使用6個空格鍵代替tab鍵（默認使用8個空格鍵代替tab鍵）
[[email protected] ~]$ grep ‘^MANPATH‘/etc/man.config |head -n 3 | expand -t 6 |cat -A MANPATH /usr/man$ MANPATH /usr/share/man$ MANPATH /usr/local/man$ [[email protected] ~]$ grep ‘^MANPATH‘/etc/man.config |head -n 3 | cat -A MANPATH^I/usr/man$ MANPATH^I/usr/share/man$ MANPATH^I/usr/local/man$
本文出自 “天黑順路” 博客，請務必保留此出處http://mjal01.blog.51cto.com/12140495/1960194
字符轉換指令tr，col，expand