做為一名分布式服務器開發人員，在服務器開發領域、多線程開發和並發編程方面有自己的心得和經驗，願意分享給同仁，今討論下Windows下線程並發程序開發。

下面用用兩個線程實現一個簡單的數組排序，演示了線程的基本用法。

原理是：

為了節省執行時間而添加並行，把問題劃分為幾個小問題，並分配給幾個線程（分而治之），把問題劃分成若幹更小的單元，更容易在實現中創建並行邏輯。同時，在並行中使用系統資源能優化應用程序並提高其運行速度。

#include "stdafx.h" 
#include <iostream>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <Winternl.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <winbase.h>
using namespace std;

#define THREADS_NUMBER 2
#define ELEMENTS_NUMBER 200
#define BLOCK_SIZE ELEMENTS_NUMBER / THREADS_NUMBER 
#define MAX_VALUE 1000

typedef struct _tagARRAYOBJECT 
{
	int* iArray;
	int iSize;
	int iThreadID; 
} ARRAYOBJECT, *PARRAYOBJECT;

DWORD WINAPI ThreadStart( LPVOID lpParameter);
void PrintArray( int* iArray, int iSize);
void MergeArrays(int* leftArray, int leftArrayLenght, int* rightArray, int rightArrayLenght, int* mergedArray);
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
	int iArray1[BLOCK_SIZE];
	int iArray2[BLOCK_SIZE];
	int iArray[ELEMENTS_NUMBER];

	for (int iIndex = 0; iIndex < BLOCK_SIZE; iIndex++)
	{
		iArray1[iIndex] = rand() % MAX_VALUE;
		iArray2[iIndex] = rand() % MAX_VALUE;
	}
	HANDLE hThreads[THREADS_NUMBER];

	ARRAYOBJECT pObject1 = { &(iArray1[0]), BLOCK_SIZE, 0 };
	hThreads[0] = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadStart,(LPVOID)& pObject1, 0, NULL); 
	
	ARRAYOBJECT pObject2 = { &(iArray2[0]), BLOCK_SIZE, 1 };
	hThreads[1] = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadStart, (LPVOID)& pObject2, 0, NULL);cout<<"Waiting execution..." << endl;
	
	WaitForMultipleObjects(THREADS_NUMBER, hThreads, TRUE, INFINITE); 
	MergeArrays(&iArray1[0], BLOCK_SIZE, &iArray2[0], BLOCK_SIZE, &iArray[0]);
	PrintArray(iArray, ELEMENTS_NUMBER);
	CloseHandle(hThreads[0]);
	CloseHandle(hThreads[1]);
	cout<< "Array sorted..." << endl;

	getchar();
	return 0;
} 
DWORD WINAPI ThreadStart(LPVOID lpParameter)
{
	PARRAYOBJECT pObject = (PARRAYOBJECT)lpParameter;
	int iTmp = 0;
	for (int iIndex = 0; iIndex < pObject->iSize; iIndex++)
	{
		for (int iEndIndex = pObject->iSize - 1; iEndIndex > iIndex; iEndIndex--) 
		{
			if (pObject->iArray[iEndIndex] < pObject->iArray[iIndex])
			{
				iTmp = pObject->iArray[iEndIndex];
				pObject->iArray[iEndIndex] = pObject->iArray[iIndex];
				pObject->iArray[iIndex] = iTmp;
			}
		}
	}
	return 0;
} 
void PrintArray(int* iArray, int iSize) 
{
	for (int iIndex = 0; iIndex < iSize; iIndex++) 
	{
		cout << " " << iArray[iIndex];
	}
	cout << endl; 
}
void MergeArrays(int* leftArray, int leftArrayLenght, int*  rightArray, int rightArrayLenght, int* mergedArray)
{
	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;
	int k = 0;
	while (i < leftArrayLenght && j < rightArrayLenght)
	{
		if (leftArray[i] < rightArray[j])
		{
			mergedArray[k] = leftArray[i];
			i++;
		}
		else
		{
			mergedArray[k] = rightArray[j];
			j++;
		}
		k++;
	}
	if (i >= leftArrayLenght)
	{
		while (j < rightArrayLenght)
		{
			mergedArray[k] = rightArray[j];
			j++;
			k++;
		}
	}
	if (j >= rightArrayLenght)
	{
		while (i < leftArrayLenght)
		{
			mergedArray[k] = leftArray[i];
			i++;
			k++;
		}
	}
}

運行結果：

中間在編譯運行的時候會遇到一些細節問題，特此說明：

出現錯誤：

錯誤 C1189 #error: "No Target Architecture"

設置如下即可：在_X86_

分布式開發，服務器開發，多線程開發，並發程序設計，任重而道遠。

Windows多線程開發之並發線程程序研究