Mysql 主從搭建
Mysql 主從搭建
操作系統：
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
Master(主)：192.168.137.32
Slave (從) ：192.168.137.33
第一步：在CentOS6.x下安裝MySQL數據庫
這裏我直接用腳本安裝mysql5.7的
vim auto_install_mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
yum install -y wget
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el6-9.noarch.rpm
rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el6-9.noarch.rpm
yum clean all
sleep 2
yum install mysql-community-server -y
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on
for i in `grep ‘temporary password‘ /var/log/mysqld.log| awk -F": " ‘{print $2}‘`;
do
mysql -uroot -p$i -e "set global validate_password_policy=0;" -b --connect-expired-password
mysql -uroot -p$i -e "set global validate_password_length=6;" -b --connect-expired-password
mysql -uroot -p$i -e "ALTER USER ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘abc123‘;" -b --connect-expired-password
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p$i password ‘abc123‘ -b --connect-expired-password
mysql -uroot -p"abc123" -e "show databases;"
echo "mysql is install ok"
done
service mysqld restart
iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
service iptables save
/etc/init.d/iptables restart
#註意：mysql5.7裏面有安全機制，新裝的數據庫有隨機密碼在/var/log/mysql.log
為了方便操作 我把密碼修改abc123
第二步：將數據庫修改為外部ip可以訪問
Mysql -uroot -p 回車輸入密碼abc123進行登錄數據庫
你想mysql賬戶myuser使用密碼mypassword從任何主機連接到mysql服務器的話，那就在mysql命令行下輸入：
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘abc123‘ WITH GRANT OPTION;
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
#當報當前設置的密碼不滿足密碼策略，以下進行解決
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0; #設置密碼復雜度為0，就是低
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_length=6; #設置密碼長度為6
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to ‘root‘@‘%‘ identified by ‘abc123‘ with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.29 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.41 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
然後 flush privileges 刷新權限 輸入quit 保存退出
Master(192.168.137.32):
新加如下倆行
vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin
Slave(192.168.137.33):
vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id唯一，每臺機子自取ID名稱 master: service_id=1 slave:server_id=2
1) 接下來確認slave和master的上的server_id是否正確。可以分別在slave和master的mysql上運行 SHOW VARIABLES LIKE‘server_id‘; 來查看server_id是否和你配置的一樣
Master:
mysql> show variables like ‘server_id‘;
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 1 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.12 sec)
Slave:
mysql> show variables like ‘server_id‘;
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 2 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.11 sec)
2) 分別重新啟動master,slaver的二臺mysql服務 service mysqld restart
3) 登陸 mysql -u root -p 回車
4) 輸入abc123 密碼
5) master輸入
6) Mysql> show master status
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 154 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
7) 記錄下 FILE 及 Position 的值，在後面進行從服務器操作的時候需要用到。
8) 配置slave服務器的MYSQL內輸入
mysql> change master to
-> master_host=‘192.168.137.32‘,
-> master_user=‘root‘,
-> master_password=‘abc123‘,
-> master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000001‘,
-> master_log_pos=154;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.13 sec)
9) 正確執行後啟動Slave同步進程
10) 啟動slave 查看slave狀態
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.137.32
Master_User: root
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_Space: 531
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: d7780cea-92ec-11e7-b97b-000c29e62b50
Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
11) 其中紅色標註Slave_IO_Running 與 Slave_SQL_Running 的值都必須為YES，才表明狀態正常。
測試主從復制
1:先確定主，從庫上沒有任何自定義表
2：主服務器上的操作
在master主服務器上創建數據庫
Create database mydb2;
在從服務器上
Show databases; 看看沒有沒有出現mydb2
show slave status\G
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: No
有問題了，Slave_SQL_Running應該是Yes才對。
再往下看，有錯誤的提示：
Last_Errno: 1053
Last_Error: Query partially completed on the master (error on master: 1053) and was aborted. There is a chance that your master is inconsistent at this point. If you are sure that your master is ok, run this query manually on the slave and then restart the slave with SET GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER=1; START SLAVE; . Query: ‘INSERT INTO hx_stat_record ......(一句SQL語句)‘
這裏有說明要怎麽操作了：）
先stop slave，然後執行了一下提示的語句，再SET GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER=1;
start slave;
show slave status\G
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
如果還是不行，先關閉slave，mysql>stop slave,接著重新配置偏移量，從主庫：show master status; 接著從庫mysql內，輸入：
change master to
master_host=‘192.168.137.32‘,
master_user=‘root‘,
master_password=‘abc123‘,
master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000001‘,
master_log_pos=154;
再看從服務器有沒有同樣的數據庫表出現，有則是成功。
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Mysql 主從搭建