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Redis 初探

需要 實例 chan rtu jedis sco 使用 取出 sep

周圍的人似乎都會redis,我就想看看redis究竟是什麽。下面推薦一個學習網站。http://www.runoob.com/ 這個網站有很多基礎的課程。在看我的文章之前,你可去這個網站看看redia的基礎知識。

本文是把redis最為mysql的緩存來使用的。本文是用的spring-data-redis ,ComboPooledDataSource(數據庫連接池),mysql數據庫。重點是spring-data-redis 中五種數據基本類型的基本操作,以及redis作為緩存對查詢速度的提升。

1.首先是搭建環境

spring-mvc.xml 主要配置了mysql和redis<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">
<!-- class annotation related... start -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.test"/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.test.service" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.test.cache.redis" />
<!-- class annotation related... end -->
<context:annotation-config />
<!-- mybatis related... start -->
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<!-- 這裏支持多種尋址方式:classpath和file -->
<value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>
<value>classpath:redis.properties</value>
<!-- 推薦使用file的方式引入,這樣可以將配置和代碼分離 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>


<!--數據庫連接配置-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource "
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<property name="acquireIncrement" value="1" />
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="5" />
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="20" />
<property name="minPoolSize" value="5" />
<property name="maxStatements" value="100" />
<property name="testConnectionOnCheckout" value="true" />
</bean>

<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" />
</bean>
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.test.mapper"/>
</bean>
<!-- mybatis related... end -->

<!-- transaction config related... start -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- transaction config related... end -->

<!-- redis config start -->
<!-- 配置JedisPoolConfig實例 -->
<bean id="poolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">
<property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.maxIdle}" />
<property name="maxTotal" value="${redis.maxActive}" />
<property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${redis.maxWait}" />
<!--<property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.testOnBorrow}" />-->
</bean>

<!-- 配置JedisConnectionFactory -->
<bean id="jedisConnectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory">
<property name="hostName" value="${redis.host}"/>
<property name="port" value="${redis.port}"/>
<property name="password" value="${redis.pass}"/>
<property name="database" value="${redis.dbIndex}"/>
<property name="poolConfig" ref="poolConfig"/>
</bean>

<!-- 配置RedisTemplate -->
<bean id="redisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate">
<property name="connectionFactory" ref="jedisConnectionFactory"/>
</bean>

<!-- 配置RedisCacheManager -->
<bean id="redisCacheManager" class="org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager">
<constructor-arg name="redisOperations" ref="redisTemplate" />
<property name="defaultExpiration" value="${redis.expiration}"/>
</bean>

<!-- 配置RedisCacheConfig -->
<bean id="redisCacheConfig" class="com.test.cache.redis.RedisCacheConfig">
<constructor-arg ref="jedisConnectionFactory" />
<constructor-arg ref="redisTemplate" />
<constructor-arg ref="redisCacheManager" />
</bean>

<!-- redis config end -->
</beans>


spring-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 啟用spring mvc 註解 -->
<context:annotation-config />
<!-- class annotation related... start -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.test.action" />
<!-- class annotation related... end -->

<aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
</aop:config>

<!-- rest json related... start -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
</bean>
<!-- rest json related... end -->

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- jsp page related... end -->
</beans>

還有redis的連接配置,redis.properties


# Redis settings
redis.host=127.0.0.1
redis.port=6369
redis.pass=
redis.dbIndex=0
redis.expiration=3000


redis.maxIdle=300
redis.maxActive=600
redis.maxWait=1000

還有jdbc.properties
jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3307/ssms?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
然後是web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

<!-- character encoding related.....start --><!-- TODO : 將 encodingFilter、sysParamsFilter 兩個過濾器交給 spring 管理 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<!-- 除了加過濾器,由於tomcat默認編碼ISO-8859-1,還需要修改 %tomcat%/conf/server.xml Connector 標簽加屬性 URIEncoding="UTF-8" -->
<!-- character encoding related.....end -->


<servlet>
<servlet-name>mvc-servlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>mvc-servlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern> *.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>


<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

</web-app>


還有最重要的pom.xml配置文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.metaedu</groupId>
<artifactId>Spring-Redis</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Spring-Redis Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>4.2.0.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>

<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.1.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring mvc related.....end -->

<!-- mybatis orm related.....start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.36</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis orm related.....end -->

<!-- project log related.....start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- project log related.....end -->

<!-- redis cache related.....start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId>
<version>1.6.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
<version>2.7.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- redis cache related.....end -->
</dependencies>

2.生成測試類

redis在本例中只是作為mybatis的緩存,主要還是做查詢的優化。


我們要先寫一個usermapper.xml

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然後,我們還需要寫一個RedisService來測試這些查詢。

package com.test.service;

import org.springframework.data.redis.core.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Service
public class RedisService {

@Resource
private RedisTemplate<String,Object> redisTemplate;

public ValueOperations<String,Object> valueOperations;

public SetOperations<String,Object> setOperations;

public ZSetOperations<String,Object> zSetOperations;

public HashOperations<String,String,Object> hashOperations;

public ListOperations<String,Object> listOperations;





public ValueOperations<String,Object> ValueOperationsNewInstance(){
if(valueOperations==null){
valueOperations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
}
return valueOperations;
}
public ListOperations<String,Object> listOperationsNewInstance(){
if(listOperations==null){
listOperations = redisTemplate.opsForList();
}
return listOperations;
}

public HashOperations <String,String,Object> hashOperationsNewInstance(){
if(hashOperations == null){
hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
}
return hashOperations;
}


public SetOperations<String,Object> setOperationsNewInstance(){
if(setOperations == null){
setOperations = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
}
return setOperations;
}

public ZSetOperations<String, Object> ZsetOperationsNewInstance() {
if(zSetOperations==null){
zSetOperations = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
}
return zSetOperations;
}

public void Delete(String key){
redisTemplate.delete(key);

}


在redisService中最重要的是RedisTemplate,這個類我們之前在spring-mvc.xml中已經配置過了。這個類會為我們生成redis五種基本數據類型的操作類。

我們可以自己生成一個測試類來實際操作下這五種基本類型。以下是我的測試類:

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這裏要使用springJunitTest,不要單獨使用junit,因為我們的RedisTemplate是配置在文檔裏面的。

我們來看下這五種基本數據類型的操作:

1.String(redis) ----》ValueOperations(spriing-data-redis)

ValueOperations valueOperations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();

以下是測試類(我們根據時間差來查看redis的緩存效果):

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下面是用ValueOperations保存數據並取出數據的操作:

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下面是運行結果:

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2.Hash(redis) --->HashOperations(spring-data-redis)

HashOperations hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();

下面是測試類(我們根據時間差來查看redis的緩存效果):

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下面是用HashOperations保存並取出數據的操作:

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以下是運行結果;

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3.list(redis) --->ListOperations(spring-data-redis)

ListOperations listOperations = redisTemplate.opsForList();

留給讀者自己去實踐。。。。

4.set(redis) --->SetOperations(spring-data-redis)

SetOperations setOperations = redisTemplate.opsForSet();

留給讀者自己去實踐。。。。。

5.zset(redis) --->ZSetOperations(spring-data-redis)

ZSetOperations zSetOperations = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();

zSetOperation 實際上就是一個有序的set 。

下面是測試類(我們根據時間差來查看redis的緩存效果):

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下面是用ZSetOperations 來保存數據並取出的操作:

public User  findUserById(String id){
//查看緩存有沒有數據
if (redisService.ZsetOperationsNewInstance().range(id,0,-1).size()==0){
//緩存中沒有就從數據庫中取出
User user = usermapper.findUserById(id);
//並保存到redis緩存中(ZSet保存)
redisService.ZsetOperationsNewInstance().add(id,user,Double.valueOf(id));
System.out.println("數據庫查詢 用戶名" +user.getUsername());
return user;
}else{
//如果緩存中有,就從緩存中取出
Set<Object> users= redisService.ZsetOperationsNewInstance().range(id,0,-1);
Iterator<Object> it = users.iterator();
while(it.hasNext()){
Object object= it.next();
User user = (User) object;
System.out.println("Redis查詢 用戶名" +user.getUsername());
return user;
}
return null;
}
}

我們來看下運行結果:

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3.結論

從上面的運行結果中,我們可以看到redis大大提高了我們的查詢速度。另外在測試的時候。redis不允許有重復的key,所以要記得刪除。

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關於redis更高深的東西,後續研究後再更新。









Redis 初探