antlr提取代碼註釋
1. 來由
為什麽要寫提取註釋呢,起因是工作需要。弄這麽個不太重要的功能點來講,旨在拋磚引玉。
一般而言,大家使用antlr解析源代碼的時候,不會關心註釋和空格之類內容,默認會過濾掉,不會放到語法樹裏,講了,真把空格這類東西保留在語法樹裏,會帶來很多問題。要保留註釋的話,也不會放進語法樹裏,而是會導流到不同的channel裏。channel可以理解為不同的管道,源文件解析後的token會通過默認管道,而註釋等其它一些元素,可以導流到自定義管道。這樣既不會給解析帶來額外負擔,也不會丟棄任何內容。
2. 抽取註釋
閑話少說,怎麽提取代碼裏的註釋呢,在 12.1 Broadcasting Tokens on Different Channels這一節專門有講。
2.1 語法定義-導流
首先在語法文件裏進行不同channel的導流定義:
先看默認的,直接扔掉了:
WS : [\t\n\r]+ -> skip
SL_COMMENT
: ‘//‘ .*? ‘\n‘ -> skip
;
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重新定義-導流:
@lexer::members{
public static final int WHITESPACE = 1;
public static final int COMMENTS = 2;
}
WS : [ \t\n\r]+ -> channel(WHITESPACE); //channel(1)
SL_COMMENT
: ‘//‘ .*? ‘\n‘ -> channel(COMMENTS) //channel(2)
;
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效果如下圖所示,默認的是channel 0,其它用戶自定義的都是hidden channel:
2.2 按規則(位置)提取
下面是12.1節裏的示例,為什麽說按位置提取呢,因為它是按照某個具體的規則定義來抽取註釋的。示例代碼是要將變量定義右側的註釋,挪動到代碼行的上面。
具體實現:
/***
* Excerpted from "The Definitive ANTLR 4 Reference",
* published by The Pragmatic Bookshelf.
* Copyrights apply to this code. It may not be used to create training material,
* courses, books, articles, and the like. Contact us if you are in doubt.
* We make no guarantees that this code is fit for any purpose.
* Visit http://www.pragmaticprogrammer.com/titles/tpantlr2 for more book information.
***/
import org.antlr.v4.runtime.*;
import org.antlr.v4.runtime.tree.ParseTreeWalker;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class ShiftVarComments {
public static class CommentShifter extends CymbolBaseListener {
BufferedTokenStream tokens;
TokenStreamRewriter rewriter;
/** Create TokenStreamRewriter attached to token stream
* sitting between the Cymbol lexer and parser.
*/
public CommentShifter(BufferedTokenStream tokens) {
this.tokens = tokens;
rewriter = new TokenStreamRewriter(tokens);
}
@Override
public void exitVarDecl(CymbolParser.VarDeclContext ctx) {
Token semi = ctx.getStop();
int i = semi.getTokenIndex();
List<Token> cmtChannel =
tokens.getHiddenTokensToRight(i, CymbolLexer.COMMENTS);
if ( cmtChannel!=null ) {
Token cmt = cmtChannel.get(0);
if ( cmt!=null ) {
String txt = cmt.getText().substring(2);
String newCmt = "/* " + txt.trim() + " */\n";
rewriter.insertBefore(ctx.start, newCmt);
rewriter.replace(cmt, "\n");
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String inputFile = null;
if ( args.length>0 ) inputFile = args[0];
InputStream is = System.in;
if ( inputFile!=null ) {
is = new FileInputStream(inputFile);
}
ANTLRInputStream input = new ANTLRInputStream(is);
CymbolLexer lexer = new CymbolLexer(input);
CommonTokenStream tokens = new CommonTokenStream(lexer);
CymbolParser parser = new CymbolParser(tokens);
RuleContext tree = parser.file();
ParseTreeWalker walker = new ParseTreeWalker();
CommentShifter shifter = new CommentShifter(tokens);
walker.walk(shifter, tree);
System.out.print(shifter.rewriter.getText());
}
}
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從上述代碼可以看到,CommentShifter繼承listener模式,重載了exitVarDecl方法。在遍歷parse tree的時候,會自動調用exitVarDecl,完成了註釋順序改寫功能。exitVarDecl對應了語法文件裏面的變量定義規則,每當有變量定義的時候,就會調用該方法。
2.3 按channel提取所有註釋
上面的註釋提取方法有個問題,就是只能提取相應規則的註釋。函數有註釋,類有註釋,參數可能有註釋,等等,還有很多別的地方,如果都提取的話,則要費一番周折,弄上一堆函數定義。
如果不關心註釋所在的具體規則,只提取註釋的話,可以遍歷token,通過判斷token所在的channel來實現。語法文件裏將註釋導流到channel(2),那麽凡是channel值為2的token則為註釋,這就好辦了。
private static void printComments(String code){
CPP14Lexer lexer = new CPP14Lexer(new ANTLRInputStream(code));
CommonTokenStream tokens = new CommonTokenStream(lexer);
List<Token> lt = tokens.getTokens();
for(Token t:lt){
// if t is on channel 2 which is comments channel(configured in grammar file)
// simply pass t, otherwise for two adjacent comments line the first comment line will
// appear twice
if(t.getChannel() == 2) continue;
// getHiddenTokensToLeft will suffice to get all comments
// no need to call getHiddenTokensToRight
int tokenIndex = t.getTokenIndex();
List<Token> comments = tokens.getHiddenTokensToLeft(tokenIndex);
if(comments != null && comments.size() > 0){
for(Token c:comments){
System.out.println(" " + c.getText());
}
}
}
}
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antlr提取代碼註釋