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Linux安裝mysql——源碼安裝

def mysql用戶 dex 回車 charset profile 數據 方法 ini

1.假設已經有mysql-5.5.10.tar.gz以及cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz兩個源文件

(1)先安裝cmake(mysql5.5以後是通過cmake來編譯的)

[[email protected] rhel5 local]#tar -zxv -f cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
[[email protected] rhel5 local]#cd cmake-2.8.4
[[email protected] rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]#./configure
[[email protected] rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]#make
[[email protected] rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]#make install


(2)創建mysql的安裝目錄及數據庫存放目錄

[[email protected] rhel5~]#mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql                 //安裝mysql 
[[email protected] rhel5~]#mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data //存放數據庫

(3)創建mysql用戶及用戶組

[[email protected] rhel5~]groupadd mysql
[[email protected] rhel5~]useradd -r -g mysql mysql

(4)安裝mysql

[[email protected] rhel5 local]#tar -zxv -f mysql-5.5.10.tar.gz
[[email protected] rhel5 local]#cd mysql-5.5.10
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]#cmake .
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all 
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]#make
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]#make install

參數說明:

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql //安裝目錄

-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data //數據庫存放目錄

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8     //使用utf8字符

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //校驗字符

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all     //安裝所有擴展字符集

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1    //允許從本地導入數據

註意事項:

重新編譯時,需要清除舊的對象文件和緩存信息。

# make clean

# rm -f CMakeCache.txt

# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf

2.配置

(1)設置目錄權限

[[email protected] rhel5~]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# chown -R root:mysql . //把當前目錄中所有文件的所有者所有者設為root,所屬組為mysql

[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data

(2)

[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf //將mysql的啟動服務添加到系統服務中



(3)創建系統數據庫的表

[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

(4)設置環境變量

[[email protected] rhel5~]# vi /root/.bash_profile

在PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin添加參數為:

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib

[[email protected] rhel5~]#source /root/.bash_profile

(5)手動啟動mysql

[[email protected] rhel5~]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &   //啟動MySQL,但不能停止

啟動日誌寫在此文件下:/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.err

關閉MySQL服務

[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown  //這裏MySQL的root用戶還沒有配置密碼,所以為空值。需要輸入密碼時,直接點回車鍵即可。

(6)另一種簡單的啟動mysql的方法(mysql已經被添加到系統服務中)

[[email protected] rhel5~]# service mysql.server start  
[[email protected] rhel5~]# service mysql.server stop
[[email protected] rhel5~]# service mysql.server restart

如果上述命令出現:mysql.server 未識別的服務

則可能mysql還沒添加到系統服務中,下面用另一種方法添加:

[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysql //將mysql的啟動服務添加到系統服務中

註意:主要是將mysql.server拷貝到/etc/init.d中,命名為mysql。在有的系統中,mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server中,而本系統中,mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server中。

然後再用#service mysql start 來啟動mysql即可。


(7)修改MySQL的root用戶的密碼以及打開遠程連接

[[email protected] rhel5~]# mysql -u root mysql

mysql>use mysql;
mysql>desc user;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO [email protected]"%" IDENTIFIED BY "root";  //為root添加遠程連接的能力。
mysql>update user set Password = password(‘xxxxxx‘) where User=‘root‘;
mysql>select Host,User,Password from user where User=‘root‘;
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>exit

重新登錄:mysql -u root -p

若還不能進行遠程連接,則關閉防火墻
[[email protected] rhel5~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables stop

註:如果不能遠程連接,出現錯誤mysql error number 1130,則加入下面語句試試:

mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘******‘ WITH GRANT OPTION;

Linux安裝mysql——源碼安裝