Linux安裝mysql——源碼安裝
1.假設已經有mysql-5.5.10.tar.gz以及cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz兩個源文件
(1)先安裝cmake(mysql5.5以後是通過cmake來編譯的)
[[email protected] rhel5 local]#tar -zxv -f cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
[[email protected] rhel5 local]#cd cmake-2.8.4
[[email protected] rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]#./configure
[[email protected] rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]#make
[[email protected] rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]#make install
(2)創建mysql的安裝目錄及數據庫存放目錄
[[email protected] rhel5~]#mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql //安裝mysql
[[email protected] rhel5~]#mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data //存放數據庫
(3)創建mysql用戶及用戶組
[[email protected] rhel5~]groupadd mysql
[[email protected] rhel5~]useradd -r -g mysql mysql
(4)安裝mysql
[[email protected] rhel5 local]#tar -zxv -f mysql-5.5.10.tar.gz
[[email protected] rhel5 local]#cd mysql-5.5.10
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]#cmake .
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]#make
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]#make install
參數說明:
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql //安裝目錄
-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data //數據庫存放目錄
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 //使用utf8字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //校驗字符
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all //安裝所有擴展字符集
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 //允許從本地導入數據
註意事項:
重新編譯時,需要清除舊的對象文件和緩存信息。
# make clean
# rm -f CMakeCache.txt
# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
2.配置
(1)設置目錄權限
[[email protected] rhel5~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# chown -R root:mysql . //把當前目錄中所有文件的所有者所有者設為root,所屬組為mysql
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
(2)
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf //將mysql的啟動服務添加到系統服務中
(3)創建系統數據庫的表
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
(4)設置環境變量
[[email protected] rhel5~]# vi /root/.bash_profile
在PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin添加參數為:
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
[[email protected] rhel5~]#source /root/.bash_profile
(5)手動啟動mysql
[[email protected] rhel5~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & //啟動MySQL,但不能停止
啟動日誌寫在此文件下:/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.err
關閉MySQL服務
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown //這裏MySQL的root用戶還沒有配置密碼,所以為空值。需要輸入密碼時,直接點回車鍵即可。
(6)另一種簡單的啟動mysql的方法(mysql已經被添加到系統服務中)
[[email protected] rhel5~]# service mysql.server start
[[email protected] rhel5~]# service mysql.server stop
[[email protected] rhel5~]# service mysql.server restart
如果上述命令出現:mysql.server 未識別的服務
則可能mysql還沒添加到系統服務中,下面用另一種方法添加:
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql //將mysql的啟動服務添加到系統服務中
註意:主要是將mysql.server拷貝到/etc/init.d中,命名為mysql。在有的系統中,mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server中,而本系統中,mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server中。
然後再用#service mysql start 來啟動mysql即可。
(7)修改MySQL的root用戶的密碼以及打開遠程連接
[[email protected] rhel5~]# mysql -u root mysql
mysql>use mysql;
mysql>desc user;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO [email protected]"%" IDENTIFIED BY "root"; //為root添加遠程連接的能力。
mysql>update user set Password = password(‘xxxxxx‘) where User=‘root‘;
mysql>select Host,User,Password from user where User=‘root‘;
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>exit
重新登錄:mysql -u root -p
若還不能進行遠程連接,則關閉防火墻
[[email protected] rhel5~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables stop
註:如果不能遠程連接,出現錯誤mysql error number 1130,則加入下面語句試試:
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘******‘ WITH GRANT OPTION;
Linux安裝mysql——源碼安裝