菜鳥學習---NFS共享文件服器務搭建
阿新 • • 發佈：2017-10-19
linux nfs rpcbind
一、搭建環境
服務端：Linux nfsser 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 IP：10.10.10.11
客戶端：Linux nfsclient 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 IP：10.10.10.12
二、服務端和客戶端安裝nfs-utils rpcbind
1、對服務端配置
檢查系統是否安裝rpcbind和nfs-utils
[root@nfsser ~]# rpm -qa |grep rpcbind [root@nfsser ~]# rpm -qa |grep nfs-utils
通過yum進行安裝
[root@nfsser ~]# yum install -y rpcbind nfs-utils portmap Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security base | 3.7 kB 00:00 base/primary_db | 4.7 MB 00:03 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00 extras/primary_db | 29 kB 00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00 中間省略。。。。。。 Dependency Updated: keyutils-libs.x86_64 0:1.4-5.el6 Complete!
查看安裝結果：
[root@nfsser ~]# rpm -qa nfs-utils portmap rpcbind rpcbind-0.2.0-13.el6_9.1.x86_64 nfs-utils-1.2.3-75.el6.x86_64
2、對服務端進行配置
[root@nfsclient ~]# /etc/init.d/rpcbind start #啟動rpcbind服務
Starting rpcbind: [ OK ]
[root@nfsclient ~]# ps -ef |grep rpcbind #查看rpcbind服務進程
rpc 26947 1 0 21:34 ? 00:00:00 rpcbind
root 26951 1500 0 21:35 pts/0 00:00:00 grep rpcbind
[root@nfsclient ~]# /etc/init.d/rpcbind status #查看服務運行狀態
rpcbind (pid 26947) is running...
[root@nfsclient ~]# rpcinfo -p localhost
program vers proto port service
100000 4 tcp 111 portmapper
100000 3 tcp 111 portmapper
100000 2 tcp 111 portmapper
100000 4 udp 111 portmapper
100000 3 udp 111 portmapper
100000 2 udp 111 portmapper#如查rpcbind服務停止後，查看rpcbind本地對應端口
[root@nfsclient ~]# /etc/init.d/rpcbind stop #停止rpcbind服務
Stopping rpcbind: [ OK ]
[root@nfsclient ~]# rpcinfo -p localhost
rpcinfo: can‘t contact portmapper: RPC: Remote system error - Connection refused
#報錯原因是因為rpcbind服務未啟動
[root@nfsclient ~]# /etc/init.d/rpcbind reload #平滑加載nfs服務
Stopping rpcbind: [FAILED]
Starting rpcbind: [ OK ]
:通過reload啟動rpcbind服務（通過reload啟動服務,類似於你在5點銀行下班的時候你已經在銀行大
廳，不會影響你辦理業務，但5點的時候外面的人在進來是進不來的）
[root@nfsser ~]# /etc/init.d/nfs start #啟動nfs服務
Starting NFS services: [ OK ]
Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ]
Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ]
Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ]
Starting RPC idmapd: [ OK ]
[root@nfsser ~]# rpcinfo -p localhost
program vers proto port service
100000 4 tcp 111 portmapper
100000 3 tcp 111 portmapper
100000 2 tcp 111 portmapper
100000 4 udp 111 portmapper
100000 3 udp 111 portmapper
100000 2 udp 111 portmapper
100011 1 udp 875 rquotad
100011 2 udp 875 rquotad
100011 1 tcp 875 rquotad
100011 2 tcp 875 rquotad
100005 1 udp 50275 mountd
100005 1 tcp 46245 mountd
100005 2 udp 45499 mountd
100005 2 tcp 51182 mountd
100005 3 udp 36337 mountd
100005 3 tcp 52782 mountd
100003 2 tcp 2049 nfs
100003 3 tcp 2049 nfs
100003 4 tcp 2049 nfs
100227 2 tcp 2049 nfs_acl
100227 3 tcp 2049 nfs_acl
100003 2 udp 2049 nfs
100003 3 udp 2049 nfs
100003 4 udp 2049 nfs
100227 2 udp 2049 nfs_acl
100227 3 udp 2049 nfs_acl
100021 1 udp 52478 nlockmgr
100021 3 udp 52478 nlockmgr
100021 4 udp 52478 nlockmgr
100021 1 tcp 41895 nlockmgr
100021 3 tcp 41895 nlockmgr
100021 4 tcp 41895 nlockmgr
[root@nfsser ~]# chkconfig rpcbind on #加入開自啟
[root@nfsser ~]# chkconfig nfs on
[root@nfsser ~]# chkconfig --list rpcbind #檢查是否加入開機自啟
rpcbind 0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off
[root@nfsser ~]# chkconfig --list nfs
nfs 0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off2、對客戶端配置（服務端只用開啟rpcbind服務即可）
[root@nfsser ~]# yum install -y rpcbind nfs-utils portmap Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security base | 3.7 kB 00:00 base/primary_db | 4.7 MB 00:03 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00 extras/primary_db | 29 kB 00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00 中間省略。。。。。。 Dependency Updated: keyutils-libs.x86_64 0:1.4-5.el6 Complete!
查看安裝結果：
[root@nfsser ~]# rpm -qa nfs-utils portmap rpcbind rpcbind-0.2.0-13.el6_9.1.x86_64 nfs-utils-1.2.3-75.el6.x86_64 [root@nfsclient ~]# /etc/init.d/rpcbind start #啟動rpcbind服務 Starting rpcbind: [ OK ] [root@nfsclient ~]# chkconfig rpcbind on #加入開機自啟 [root@nfsclient ~]# chkconfig --list rpcbind #檢查是否添加開機自啟 rpcbind 0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off [root@nfsclient ~]# /etc/init.d/rpcbind status rpcbind (pid 27102) is running... [root@nfsclient ~]#
二、對共享文件配置
1、配置服務器端文件
[root@nfsser ~]# mkdir /sharedata #建立共享sharedata [root@nfsser ~]# vi /etc/exports #編輯nfs配置文件 [root@nfsser ~]# cat /etc/exports #查看nfs配置文件結果 ##share data at 20171018 /sharedata 10.10.10.0/24(rw,sync)
註：
[root@nfsser ~]# cat /var/lib/nfs/etab #查看nfs默認配置 /sharedata10.10.10.0/24(ro,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,secure,root_squash,no_all_squash,no_subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534,sec=sys,ro,root_squash,no_all_squash) /sharedata*(rw,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,secure,root_squash,no_all_squash,no_subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534,sec=sys,rw,root_squash,no_all_squash)
[root@nfsser ~]# showmount -e localhost #查看本機共享是否成功 Export list for localhost: /sharedata (everyone)
2、配置客戶端文件
[root@nfsclient ~]# showmount -e 10.10.10.11 #成功檢沒到共享 Export list for 10.10.10.11: /sharedata (everyone)
[root@nfsclient ~]# mount -t nfs 10.10.10.11:/sharedata /mnt #掛載到/mnt下 [root@nfsclient ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 59G 1.6G 55G 3% / tmpfs 931M 0 931M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 194M 34M 151M 19% /boot 10.10.10.11:/sharedata 59G 1.6G 55G 3% /alidata
[root@nfsclient mnt]# ll #查文件sharedata文件裏的內容 total 72 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 46850 Mar 23 2016 log.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14476 Mar 23 2016 mytlv-20160119.log -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4537 Sep 5 22:12 qzj.txt [root@nfsclient mnt]# touch 123 #測試能否有寫入權限 touch: cannot touch `123‘: Permission denied 拒絕訪問
在nfsser端檢查
[root@nfsser /]# ll -ld /sharedata/
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 18 22:51 /sharedata/
[root@nfsser sharedata]# cat /var/lib/nfs/etab /sharedata10.10.10.0/24(ro,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,secure,root_squash,no_all_squash,no_subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534,sec=sys,ro,root_squash,no_all_squash) /sharedata*(rw,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,secure,root_squash,no_all_squash,no_subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534,sec=sys,rw,root_squash,no_all_squash) [root@nfsser sharedata]# grep 65534 /etc/passwd #根據ID查找用戶 nfsnobody:x:65534:65534:Anonymous NFS User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin [root@nfsser sharedata]# chown -R nfsnobody.nfsnobody /sharedata/ #給sharedata賦予權限 [root@nfsser /]# ll -ld /sharedata/ drwxr-xr-x. 2 nfsnobody nfsnobody 4096 Oct 18 22:51 /sharedata/
[root@nfsclient alidata]# touch asd # 測試創建asd文件 [root@nfsclient alidata]# ll total 72 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 18 23:53 ad -rw-r--r--. 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 0 Oct 19 00:11 asd 創建成功 -rw-r--r--. 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 46850 Mar 23 2016 log.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 14476 Mar 23 2016 mytlv-20160119.log -rw-r--r--. 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 4537 Sep 5 22:12 qzj.txt
客戶端在重啟後，掛載的alidata會丟失，需要加載到開機自啟。
echo "mount -t nfs 10.10.10.11:/sharedata /alidata" >>/etc/rc.local
本文出自 “菜鳥八哥” 博客，請務必保留此出處http://cainiaibage.blog.51cto.com/5307589/1974118
菜鳥學習---NFS共享文件服器務搭建